简介:ThecorrelationbetweenphasestructuresandsurfaceacidityofAl2O3supportscalcinedatdifferenttemperaturesandthecatalyticperformanceofNi/Al2O3catalystsintheproductionofsyntheticnaturalgas(SNG)viaCOmethanationwassystematicallyinvestigated.Aseriesof10wt%NiO/Al2O3catalystswerepreparedbytheconventionalimpregnationmethod,andthephasestructuresandsurfaceacidityofAl2O3supportswereadjustedbycalciningthecommercialγ-Al2O3atdifferenttemperatures(600–1200C).COmethanationreactionwascarriedoutinthetemperaturerangeof300–600Catdifferentweighthourlyspacevelocities(WHSV=30000and120000mL·g-1h-1)andpressures(0.1and3.0MPa).ItwasfoundthathighcalcinationtemperaturenotonlyledtothegrowthinNiparticlesize,butalsoweakenedtheinteractionbetweenNinanoparticlesandAl2O3supportsduetotherapiddecreaseofthespecificsurfaceareaandacidityofAl2O3supports.Interestingly,NicatalystssupportedonAl2O3calcinedat1200C(Ni/Al2O3-1200)exhibitedthebestcatalyticactivityforCOmethanationunderdifferentreactionconditions.LifetimereactiontestsalsoindicatedthatNi/Al2O3-1200wasthemostactiveandstablecatalystcomparedwiththeotherthreecatalysts,whosesupportswerecalcinedatlowertemperatures(600,800and1000C).ThesefindingswouldthereforebehelpfultodevelopNi/Al2O3methanationcatalystforSNGproduction.
简介:IncorporationofstrontiumintoV-Moalumina-supportedcatalystenhanceditsperformance(increasedconversionandselectivity,decreasedreducibilityandimprovedstability)inpropaneoxydehydrogenationtopropylene.12.5%SrloadingwasshowntobetheoptimumcontenttotheV-Mocatalyst.Theresultsweresupportedbyvariouscharacterizationtechniques,namely,BET,XRD,SEM,FTIRandTPD.
简介:Calciumhexaluminate(CA6)wassynthesizedbymixinglight-weightcalciumcarbonateandAl2O3micropowder(calcinedα-Al2O3,activatedα-Al2O3orρ-Al2O3)accordingtothestoichimetricratioofCA6,andreactionsinteringat1200,1300,1400and1500℃for3h,respectively.Effectsofthethreealuminamicropowdersonthephasecomposition,microstructureandpropertiesofCA6wereinvestigated.Theresultsshowthat:(1)forthethreeAl2O3micropowders,thereactiontogenerateCA6inspecimensbasicallycompletesatabout1500℃;CA6generatedinallspecimensisplanar,butthearraymodesareslightlydifferent;(2)thespecimenspreparedfromcalcinedα-Al2O3orρ-Al2O3shrinkalmost,whilethespecimenspreparedfromactivatedα-Al2O3expand;(3)thecoldcrushingstrengthofthespecimenpreparedfromactivatedα-Al2O3isthehighest,reaching42.5MPawhenonlyCA6exists(afterfiringat1500℃);(4)thespecimenpreparedfromρ-Al2O3hasthelowestgenerationtemperatureofCA6andthehighestapparentporosity,reaching70.1%whenonlyCA6exists(afterfiringat1500℃);(5)thespecimenpreparedfromcalcinedα-Al2O3hasthebiggestbulkdensity.
简介:Propofolcaninhibittheinflammatoryresponseandreducethesecretionandharmfuleffectsofastrocyte-derivedproinflammatorycytokines.Inthisstudy,afterpropofolwasinjectedintotheinjuredsciaticnerveofmice,nuclearfactorkappaBexpressionintheL4-6segmentsofthespinalcordintheinjuredsidewasreduced,apoptosiswasdecreased,nervemyelindefectswerealleviated,andthenerveconductionblockwaslessened.Theexperimentalfindingsindicatethatpropofolinhibitstheinflammatoryandimmuneresponses,decreasestheexpressionofnuclearfactorkappaB,andreducesapoptosis.Theseeffectsofpropofolpromoteregenerationfollowingsciaticnerveinjury.
简介:Irradiationfromdiversesourcesisubiquitousandcloselyassociatedwithhumanactivities.Radiationtherapy(RT),animportantcomponentofmultipleradiationorigins,isacommontherapeuticmodalityforcancer.Moreimportantly,RTprovidessignificantcontributiontooncotherapybykillingtumorcells.However,duringthecourseoftherapy,irradiationofnormaltissuescanresultinawiderangeofsideeffects,includingself-limitedacutetoxicities,mildchronicsymptoms,orsevereorgandysfunction.Althoughnumerouspromisingradioprotectiveagentshaveemerged,onlyafewhavesuccessfullyenteredthemarketbecauseofvariouslimitations.Atpresent,thewidelyacceptedhypothesisforprotectionagainstradiation-causedinjuryinvolvestheWntcanonicalpathway.ActivatingtheWnt/β-cateninsignalingpathwaymayprotectthesalivarygland,oralmucosa,andgastrointestinalepitheliumfromradiationdamage.Theunderlyingmechanismsincludeinhibitingapoptosisandpreservingnormaltissuefunctions.However,aberrantWntsignalingunderliesawiderangeofpathologiesinhumans,anditsvariouscomponentscontributetocancer.Moreover,studieshavesuggestedthatWnt/β-cateninsignalingmayleadtoradioresistanceofcancerstemcell.ThesefactsmarkedlycomplicateanydefinitionoftheexactfunctionoftheWntpathway.
简介:Themutualradiationimpedanceignoredinconventionalarraydirectivityformulaisintroducedintothecalculationofarrayradiationsoundfield,andamodifiedarraydirectivityformulaconsideringthemutualradiationimpedanceisgainedaccordingtothesuperpositionprinciple.Resultsofcomputersimulationandexperimentsforauniformlineararrayandauniformplanararrayshowsuperiorperformanceonthepresentofthepracticaldirectivitypatternofthemodifiedformulainthispaperincomparisontotheconventionalone.
简介:Theprocessofhighpowerlaserinteractionwiththelargescalelengthcoronaplasmaproducedbytheleadingedgeofthelaserpulsehasbeeninvestigated.Earlyexperimentalresultsarere-analyzedandconclusionsdrawn.Inparticular,studiesofthecloseconnectionofunstablefilamentationinstabilitywith–mainly–two-plasmondecayand–partly–stimulatedRamanscattering,stimulatedBrillouinscattering,andresonanceabsorptionarecarriedoutinthispaper.Thepositiveandnegativeeffectsoffilamentationinstabilityarealsodiscussed.
简介:Sincerateefectofmaterialsplaysakeyroleinimpactengineering,themicroscopicmechanismofrateeffectisinvestigatedatmolecularlevelinthispaper.Theresultsshowthatrateefectonthestrengthofatomicsystemiscloselyrelatedtothecoupledevolutionofatomicmotionsandpotentiallandscapes.Accordingly,itbecomespossibletodevelopanewalgorithmofmolecularsimulation,whichcouldproperlyandefcientlydemonstratestrainrateefectunderawiderangeofloadingratesandunveilthemechanismsunderlyingthestrainrateefects.