简介:目的对结核病患者的耐药情况以及流行病学的特征进行分析研究。方法随机选择2012年1月至2016年12月在漳州各医院接受诊治的400例肺结核患者,对其进行耐药性检测并分析其对药物的敏感情况,耐药性检测所用药物是六种抗结核的药物,分别是利福平、异烟肼、乙胺丁醇、氧氟沙星、链霉素、卡那霉素。结果通过对患者进行耐药性检测,得出初治患者的总耐药率以及总耐多药率都低于复治患者;患者的耐药情况与其年龄、性别、职业以及治疗史都有很明显的相关关系,由于P〈0.05,故具有统计学上的意义。结论最近四年漳州地区结核病患者的耐药率一直保持在较高水平,相关部门需要对本地区结核病患者制定系统的治疗方案并进行规范化的管理。
简介:ObjectivesTostudyclinicalandcoronaryangiographicfindingsinpatientswithbothcoronaryheartdiseases(CHD)andtype2diabetesmellitus(T2DM).Methods215patientswithCHDconfirmedbycoronaryangiographywereinvolvedinthisstudy.Thepatientsweredividedintotwogroups:74CHDpatientswithT2DM(meanage64.7±8.2years,male/female47/27),and141CHDpatientswithoutT2DM(meanage66.2±9.2years,male/female100/41).Theclinicalfeaturesandthedatafromselectivecoronaryangiographieswerecomparedbetweentype2diabeticandnon-diabeticCHDpatients.ResultsComparedtonon-diabeticCHDpatients,thepatientswithbothCHDandT2DMsufferedmorefromacutemyocardialinfarction,silentischemiaandseverearrhythmias(P<0.01,P<0.05),andhadhigherserumtriglyceridesandapo-lipoproteinB,alongwithincreasedserumuricacid(P<0.01,P<0.05),increasedleftventricularenddiastolicdiameter(P<0.01),anddecreasedleftventricularejectionfraction(P<0.001).Comparedtonon-diabeticCHDpatients,thepatientswithbothCHDandT2DMsufferedmorefromtriplevesseldisease(P<0.01),severecoronaryarterystenosis,completeocclusionsanddiffuselesions(P<0.001).ConclusionsSevereclinicalmanifestation,leftventriculardysfunction,diffuseorcomplicatedlesionsofcoronaryarteriesweremorecommoninpatientswithbothCHDandT2DM,itsuggeststhatthetype2diabeticCHDpatientshavepoorprognosis.
简介:Themyocardialprotectionaffordedbyischemicpreconditioning(IPC)canalleviateischemia-reperfusioninjuryinnormalratheart.However,thismyocardialprotectionisseldomstudiedinthetype2diabeticratwithmyocardialischemiadisease.Inthisstudy,weaimedtoevaluatetheeffectsofATP-sensitivepotassiumchannels(KATPchannels)onIPCintheisolatedtype2diabeticratheartandtheroleofthesulfonylureagliclazide.MethodsStreptozotocin(STZ)-inducedtype2diabeticmaleWistarratswithorwithoutgliclazide(64mg/kgbodyweight,orally)andage-matchednon-diabeticcontrolratswereusedforallstudies.TheisolatedheartswereperfusedwithLangendorff'ssystemundertheconstantflow,pressureandtemperatureconditionswithKreb's-Henseleitsolution(K-H).After5minutesofbalanceperfusion,theseratswererandomlydividedintosixgroups:non-diabeticcontrolratswithoutIPC(CIR);non-diabeticcontrolratswithIPC(CIP);diabeticratswithoutIPC(DIR);diabeticratswithIPC(DIP);gliclazide-treateddiabeticratswithoutIPC(GIR);andgliclazide-treateddiabeticratswithIPC(GIP).GroupsCIR,DIR,andGIRweresubjectedto30-minglobalischemiaand60-minreperfusionforinductionofischemia/reperfusioninjury.GroupsCIP,DIP,andGIPweregiventhreecyclesof5-minischemiaand5-minreperfusionasIPC,andthenischemia/reperfusioninjuryprogramwasimplemented.Extentofischemia/reperfusioninjurywasmeasuredintermsofthereleaseoflactatedehydrogenase(LDH),creatinekinase(CK),andcreatinkinase-MB(CKMB)incoronaryeffluent.Afterperfusion,Kir6.2andSUR2AmRNAexpressionsinthemyocardialtissuewerecharacterizedbyfluorescentquantitativereal-timePCRmethod,andKir6.2andSUR2Aproteinexpressionswereassessedbyimmunohistochemistry.ResultInnon-diabeticcontrolrats,thereleaseofLDH,CK,andCK-MBincoronaryeffluentmarkedlydecreasedwithIPCcomparedwithNo-IPC(P<0.05),butnotindiabeticrats.However,ingliclazide-treateddiabeticrats,IPC-induceddecreaseintherele
简介:ObjectivesTheeffectsofcarvediloloncalciumcurrent(ICa)wereinvestigatedinisolatedadultratventricularmyocytes.MethodsICawasrecordedbyusingwhole-cellpatch-clamprecordingtechnique.ResultsCarvedilolreversiblyinhibitedICainaconcentration-dependentmanner,carvedilolat0.1,0.3,1and10μmol/LintheextracellularsolutiondecreasedpeakICaby1.52%,18.04%,37.34%and72.18%,respectively.Thesteady-stateinactivationcurveofICawasshiftedtomorenegativepotentials,whiletheactivationcurvewasnotaltered.Therecoveryfrominactivationwasshiftedtorightdirection,itcouldnotberecoveredcompletely.Inaddition,Pretreatmentofventricularmyocyteswithprazosinandpropranololcouldn'tblockthecarvedilol-inducedreductionofICa.ConclusionsCarvedilolinhibitsICainadultratventricularmyocytesbymechanismsinvolvingpreferentialinteractionwiththeinactivatedstateofcalciumchannel.
简介:目的对中西医结合治疗在2型糖尿病患者中的治疗方式进行讨论。方法选取我院2013年2月-2014年2月间64例2型糖尿病患者,将其分为两组,1组进行常规治疗,2组在进行常规治疗的同时配合中药治疗,对两组患者的治疗效果进行比较。结果1组患者治疗后效果显著的为13例,占比例的40.6%,治疗有效的为14例,占比例的43.8%,治疗无效的患者为5例,占比例的15.6%。2组患者治疗效果显著的为23例,占比例的71.9%,治疗有效的为8例,占比例的25%,治疗无效的仅为1例,占比例的3.1%。结论中西医结合方式治疗2型糖尿病的效果显著,且安全性高,是一种值得推广的治疗方式。
简介:ObjectivesToevaluateantihypertensiveefficiencyandsafetyofanewdomesticofL-&N-typeCa^2+antagonist-eilnidipinewithimidaprilasapositivecontrol.MethodsAfter2weeks'placebowashingout,22patientsweretreatedwitheilnidipine5mgdailyand27patientsweretreatedwithimidapril5mgdaily.4weekslater,ifpatient'ssittingdiastolicbloodpressureisover90mmHg,his/herdosagewasdoubledforanother4weeks,theothersmeasuringupremainedtheirdosageunchangedforanother4weeks.Bloodpressure,heartrate,bloodandurineroutineexamination,serumglucose,serumchemicalexaminationincludingtotalcholesterol,triglyceride,HDL,LDL,transaminase,creatineetcandsidereactionswererecordedbeforeandafterthetrial.Datawereanalyzedstatistically.ResultsAfter8weeks'treatment,bloodpressurewassignificantlydecreased(P<0.05)inbothgroups,andthetwomedicineshadsimilarantihypertensiveeffects.Furthermore,thereducingofheartratewasstatisticallysignificantcomparedwithbaseline(P<0.01)inthecilnidipinegroup,butnotintheimidaprilgroup.Thenegativechronotropiceffectofcilnidipinehadlittleeffectoncontinuingthetherapy.Therewerenochangesonbloodandurineroutineexaminationandserumlipid,serumglucose,creatine,transaminaseandetcinbothgroups.Theirsidereactionsweremildandwell-tolerated.ConclusionsCilnidipinehasacon-vincingantihypertensiveeffectsimilartothatofimi-dapril.Especiallycilnidipinemaybeadministeredtopatientswithrelativelymildtachycardia.
简介:目的:研究氯沙坦对原发性高血压病人的降压效果及其安全性。方法:将55例高血压病人随机分为氯沙坦(50mg,1次/日)组,培多普利(4mg,1次/日)组,结果:服药后2,4,6,8,12周,(1)二组病人的立,卧位收缩压和舒张压分别较基值明显降低,均有显著差异(P<0.05)。(2)舒张压正常率:氯沙坦组92%,培多普利组87.5%,(3)不良反应;氯沙坦组仅1例轻度头晕,培多普利组9例咳嗽(30%),被迫中断治疗6例(20%),结论:氯沙坦和培多普利均能有效地降压作用。然而,氯沙坦的耐受性远优于培多普利,将成为原发性高血压病治疗的一线理想药物。
简介:目的:探讨两类型急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者临床、心功能及冠脉病变特点的差异。方法:选择本院收治的124例AMI患者为研究对象,根据患者心电图表现分为ST段抬高型AMI(STEMI组)68例及非ST段抬高型AMI(NSTEMI组)56例,对比分析两组临床特点、并发症及冠脉病变特点。结果:STEMI组临床表现为胸痛明显、就诊时间较早,心绞痛史比例明显低于NSTEMI组(17.65%比44.64%,P=0.003)。与NSTEMI组比较,STEMI组窦性心动过缓(0%比11.76%)、室性心律失常(0%比10.29%)及传导阻滞(0%比11.76%)发生率及总并发症发生率(25.00%比44.12%)明显升高,心肌肌钙蛋白T[cTnT,(2.69±0.78)ng/ml比(8.79±2.78)ng/ml]、肌酸激酶同工酶[CK-MB,(112.12±52.42)mmol/L比(182.32±78.23)mmol/L]水平明显升高,侧支循环(41.17%比17.65%)、3支冠脉病变(50.0%比14.7%)比例明显降低(P〈0.05或〈0.01)。两组心功能无统计学差异(P〉0.05)。结论:ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者发病急,并发症发生率高,应尽早重建血运。非ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者三支病变比例高,患者病发前常存在缺血预适应。
简介:静脉血栓栓塞症(venousthromboemlism,VTE)包括肺动脉血栓栓塞(pulmonarythrombo-emlism,PTE)和深静脉血栓(deepvenousthrombo-sis,DVT)形成,PTE是肺栓塞中最常见的一种类型,引起PTE的血栓主要来源于DVT,PTE经常是DVT致命的并发症.据估计在血管疾病中,VTE的发生率处于急性冠状动脉综合征和脑卒中之后,是第三大常见的血管疾病.VTE是常见的血管疾病之一,由于缺乏特异性的临床表现.其误诊、漏诊率较高.现已成为导致人群死亡的重要原因.因此,加强对VTE的认识是十分必要的.
简介:BackgroundAldosteroneblockerscouldreducetheincidenceofventriculararrhythmiasinmyocardialinfarction(MI)patientsbyregulatinghyperpolarization-activatedcyclicnucleotide-gatedchannel(HCN)expression.ButthemechanismunderlingHCNexpressionisunclear.MethodsEighteenratssurviving24hourspostMIwererandomlydividedinto3groups:MI,spironolactone,andspironolactone+antagomir-133(miRNA-133suppression).Shamgroupratshadasuturelooselytiedaroundtheleftcoronaryartery,withoutligation.HCN2andHCN4proteinandmRNAlevel,andmiRNA-133levelintheborderzoneofpost-MI1weekmyocardiumweremeasured.ResultsSpironolactonesignificantlyincreasedmiRNA-133levelsanddown-regulatedHCN2andHCN4atbothmRNAandproteinlevelsinpost-MIborderzonemyocardium.Antagomir-133reducedtheeffectsofspironolactoneonHCN2andHCN4proteinlevels.ConclusionsTheresultssuggestthatmiRNA-133isinvolvedinspironolactoneinducedHCNexpression,andpartiallycontributedtopost-MIventriculararrhythmias.
简介:目的观察胰岛素增敏剂文迪雅对老年2型糖尿病病人的疗效和安全性.方法选择血糖控制不佳,胰岛素水平高的老年2型糖尿病病人30例,用文迪雅片4mgqd治疗12周,观察治疗前后血糖及胰岛素的变化.结果治疗后FBG、PBG、GHbAlC、TG下降,与治疗前比较,具有显著性差异(P<0.05),能显著降低FINS、PINS水平(P<0.001),明显改善外周组织对胰岛素的敏感性,治疗后IAI增加,IRI降低,与治疗前比较具有显著性差异(P<0.001),副作用主要为双下肢浮肿和低血糖反应,无肝肾功能损害及胃肠道反应.结论文迪雅降糖效果确切,能降低2型糖尿病病人空腹及餐后2小时血糖,改善外周组织对胰岛素的敏感性,副反应轻微,未见肝肾损害,在老年糖尿病病人中使用具有良好的疗效及安全性.
简介:ObjectivesToexamineinvivointeractionsbetweenangiotensinⅡ(AngⅡ)AT1areceptor(AT1aR),angiotensin-convertingenzymes(ACE)andACE2usingsmallhairpinRNA(shRNA)gene-silencingmethodsinmicebrainstemnucleustractussolitarius(NTS).MethodsC57BLmice(n=8)wereusedasanimalmodel.MethodofmicroinjectioninthenucleusofNTSwasadopted.Aftertendays,micewerekilledandtheirbraintissuewerefixedandsectioned.TheexpressionlevelsofAT1aR,ACEandACE2mRNAatbothsidesofNTSwereexaminedbyinsituhybridization.Basedoncomparedt-test,thechangingformRNAexpressionwasexamined.ResultsAftertheexpressionofAT1aRmRNAwassignificantlyinhibited(61.6%±6.8%)byAT1aR-shRNA,itwasassociatedwithdecreasesinACE2mRNAexpressionfrom(1.05±0.12)μCi/mgto(0.74±0.09)μCi/mg(29.0%±14.5%,P<0.01)onthesamesideofthebrainstem.ACEmRNAexpressionwasconsistentatbothsides(0.50μCi/mg±0.09μCi/mgand0.53μCi/mg±0.08μCi/mg),withinsignificantdifference(P>0.05).ConclusionsThegenesilencingresultshowedthattherewereinteractionsbetweenbrainstemAT1aRandACE2.ACEmRNAexpressionwasnotalteredbyRNAinterferencetreatmentatAT1aR.
简介:目的以葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT)为金标准评价糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)≥6.5%对于诊断2型糖尿病的可行性。方法对788名无糖尿病史的糖尿病高危患者,行口服75g葡萄糖耐量试验(OGTT),同时检测HbA1c。通过绘制受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线),分析HbA1c诊断糖尿病的敏感性和特异性。结果OGTT试验达到诊断糖尿病标准者423例,检出率为54%;而HbA1c≥6.5%者362例(46%)。ROC曲线最佳切点6.35%,此时灵敏度为0.80,特异度0.89。HbA1c≥6.5%时,灵敏度为0.74,特异度0.93,阳性预测值(+PV)93%、阴性预测值(-PV)77%。Kappa检验显示HbA1c≥6.5%与OGTT标准的诊断结果一致性好(Kappa系数为0.68,P〈0.01)。若增加HbA1c≥6.5%这一指标,糖尿病的检出率可增加至57%。结论HbA1c≥6.5%具有很好的敏感性和特异性,可提高2型糖尿病的检出率。