简介:以现有T、L形钢管混凝土柱试验研究为基础,本文进行了如下工作:(1)针对T、L形钢管混凝土柱的受压约束承载机理,建立了内填混凝土的等效单轴滞回本构模型;(2)建立了悬臂柱在反复荷载作用下的滞回全过程分析模型,编制了T、L形钢管混凝土柱的滞回全过程分析程序;(3)对所完成的试件进行了滞回全过程数值分析,分析与试验结果在荷载-位移和荷载-应变两种层次上进行了对比,验证了本文模型和分析程序的正确性,表明该程序能从构件、材料两种层次上表现出钢管混凝土柱的非线性发展过程。之后,对T、L形钢管混凝土柱中有代表性混凝土和钢单元应力-应变发展全过程进行了数值模拟。结果表明本文模型能用于T、L形钢管混凝土结构的非线性分析。
简介:目的总结cD4T细胞低于150个·μL-1晚期艾滋病的临床特征,提高对晚期艾滋病患者各种机会性感染及非特异性并发症的认识。方法回顾性分析2004年8月至2010年4月收治的30例CD4T细胞低于150个·μL-1艾滋病患者的临床资料。结果此类艾滋病患者以无业吸毒人员居多,高效抗反转录病毒治疗(HAART)治疗依从性多数较差。临床表现具有多样性,除了发热、咳嗽、消瘦等常见症状外,还表现为多部位、多种机会感染并存,贫血、肝。肾功能损害、严重营养不良等非特异性并发症普遍存在,达27例。结论CD4叮细胞低于150个·μL-1晚期艾滋病患者病情复杂多样。普遍较危重,治疗困难,预后一般极差。
简介:客观:为了改进倔强的脸中部的外部T房间non-Hodgkin鈥檚的功效,有L天门冬氨酰胺酶(LASP)的淋巴瘤(MPTC-NHL)基于抢救化疗。方法:有倔强的MPTC-NHL的21个病人被分析,11patients(LASP组)收到了L天门冬氨酰胺酶基于的抢救化疗由L天门冬氨酰胺酶,长春新碱和dexame-thosone组成。没有L天门冬氨酰胺酶,10个病人(控制组)收到了抢救联合化疗。结果:完全的宽恕率为LASP组是45.6%,0.0%为控制组织(P<0.05)。全面反应率(CR+PR)为LASP组是63.6%,10.0%为控制组织,分别地(P<0.05)。2年的幸存率为LASP组是45.5%,0.0%为控制组织(P<0.05)。LASP的主要不利效果是白细胞减少,浆液bilirubin和多糖症的举起。结论:LASP基于的初步的临床的学习表演抢救化疗可以与倔强的MPTC-NHL改进反应率和病人的2年的幸存率。进一步继续学习是必要的。
简介:Glucosetransporter4(GLUT4)isresponsibleforinsulin-stimulatedglucosetransportingintotheinsulin-sensitivefatandmusclecells.ThedynamicsofGLUT4storagevesicles(GSVs)remainstobeexploredanditisunclearhowGSVsarearrangedbasedontheirmobility.Weexaminedthisissuein3T3-L1cellsviainvestigatingthethree-dimensionalmobilityofsingleGSVlabeledwithEGFP-fusedGLUT4.Athinlayerofcytosolrightadjacenttotheplasmamembranewasilluminatedandsuccessivelyimagedat5Hzunderatotalinternalreflectionfluorescencemicroscopewithapenetrationdepthof136nm.Employingsingleparticletracking,thethree-dimensionalsubpixeldisplacementofsingleGSVwastrackedataspatialprecisionof22nm.Boththemeansquaredisplacementandthediffusioncoefficientwerecalculatedforeachvesicle.Trackingresultsrevealedthatvesiclesmovedasifrestrictedwithinacagethathasameanradiusof160nm,suggestingthepresenceofsomeintracellulartetheringmatrix.ByconstructingthehistogramofthediffusioncoefficientsofGSVs,weobservedasmoothdistributioninsteadoftheexistenceofdistinctgroups.TheresultindicatesthatGSVsaredynamicallyretainedinacontinuousandwiderangeofmobilityratherthanintoseparateclasses.
简介:AbstractBackground:Pharmacological factors used to induce insulin resistance (IR) in in vitro models may not mimic the full in vivo features of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to examine the ability of diabetic serum (DS) to induce IR and investigate whether adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium (ADMSC-CM) reverses DS-induced IR.Methods:DS was obtained from newly diagnosed T2DM patients. IR was induced in differentiated 3T3-L1 cells by employing dexamethasone, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), palmitate and DS. Glucose uptake (2-[N-[7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl] amino]-2-deoxyglucose(2-NBDG) uptake assay), intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and superoxide radicals (O2-) (fluorescence microscopy and fluorometry) were analyzed in control and experimental samples. mRNA expression of key genes involved in glucose transport and inflammation were analyzed by using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Pro-inflammatory cytokines and phospho-insulin receptor substrate (IRS) (Ser-307) protein expression were analyzed by fluorescence activated cell sorter analysis. Statistical significance was determined by using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's multiple comparison tests.Results:ADMSC-CM significantly increased the DS-mediated decrease in 2-NBDG uptake (11.01 ± 0.50 vs. 7.20 ± 0.30, P < 0.01) and reduced DS-driven ROS (fluorescence count, 6.35 ± 0.46 vs. 9.80 ± 0.10, P < 0.01) and O2- (fluorescence count, 3.00 ± 0.10 vs. 4.60 ± 0.09, P < 0.01) production. Further, the ADMSC-CM restored DS-induced down regulation GLUT4 (1.52- fold, P < 0.05) as well as the up-regulation of PPARγ (0.35-fold, P < 0.01), and IKKβ (0.37-fold, P < 0.01) mRNA, and phospho-IRS (Ser-307) protein expression compared to the baseline (median fluorescence intensity, 88,192 ± 2720 vs. 65,450 ± 3111, P < 0.01). DS induced IR, similar to the traditionally used pharmacological factors, namely dexamethasone, TNF-α, and palmitate, which can be attributed to the significantly higher pro-inflammatory cytokines levels (TNF-α (2.28 ± 0.03 pg/mL vs. 2.38 ± 0.03 pg/mL, P < 0.01), interleukin 6 (IL)-6 (1.94 ± 0.02 pg/mL vs. 2.17 ± 0.04 pg/mL, P < 0.01), IL-17 (2.16 ± 0.02 pg/mL vs. 2.22 ± 0.002 pg/mL, P < 0.05), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ) (2.07 ± 0.02 pg/mL vs. 2.15 ± 0.04 pg/mL, P < 0.05)) in DS.Conclusions:DS can be explored as a novel inducer of IR in in vitro studies with further standardization, substituting the conventionally used pharmacological factors. Our findings also affirm the validity of ADMSC-CM as a prospective insulin sensitizer for T2DM therapy.
简介:李一心汽车行业的老人,摄影圈子的新人.对于汽车尤其是Wagon倩有独钟.热爱把每辆车最炫的一面展现给大家全新途观L的外观设计风格相对于原先的途观有了很大的改变.原来的老途观L给人一种中庸温婉的感觉.而这一代全新途观L则偏向男性化的刚毅的外观线条,看上去更硬朗、更健硕.它的前脸用了很长的镀铬条,拉长视觉上的效果.大灯的上沿和下沿用了类似的镀铬条,与中网平齐,形成一个很长很扁的前脸.加上发动机盖上突出的肌肉感线条,形成的整个前脸非常有力量感.车侧面,首先轮圈的造型变得更简洁、更有力量感.顶配车型更是搭载19英寸轮毂,比起原先的途观更显霸气.侧面腰线从车头一直贯穿到车尾,门把手和腰线则完全平齐,更显简洁明了的设计理念.同样车尾的特点也非常突出.尾门的宽度和车尾宽度的比例进行了重新的调整,在拉宽后举门的同时,边框的冗余量变得更窄.这样的好处有两个,一是车变得更简洁、更好看,二是实用性大大地增加.可以说整个全新途观L在外观的设计上是下足了功夫,在延续德系车稳重的设计风格的同时,加入了许多出挑的设计风格,使车显得更时髦,更符合年轻人的口味.我想全新途观L应该会是大卖的一款车吧.
简介:<正>Uponactivation,naiveT-helpercellscandifferentiateintotwomajordistinctsubsets,Thelper1(Th1)andThelper2(Th2),asdefinedbytheireffectorfunctionsandcytokinesecretionpatterns.CytokinemilieuandcostimulatorymoleculeshavebeenshowntoplayanessentialroleindeterminingThelperdifferentiation.However,itisstillunclearhowtheeffectsofsignalsofco-stimulatorymoleculesandcytokinesareexertedduringThelperdifferentiation.Weshowevidencesuggestingthatwhilecytokinesignalsinitiatedifferentiationprogram,theselectiveactionofdeatheffectorsdeterminestheendpointbalanceofdifferenti-
简介:目的:利用人脐静脉内皮细胞体外培养模型,探讨肾上腺素刺激状态下海带多糖L01对内皮细胞的保护作用,以及其对其分泌的组织型纤溶酶原激活物(t-PA)的影响,从内皮细胞抗血栓功能方面探讨海带多糖L01对心血管系统的保护作用。方法:体外培养人脐静脉内皮细胞系ECV-304,用肾上腺素刺激24h、48h、72h采样,ELISA法测定HUVECs培养上清液中的t-PA含量,逆转录多聚酶链反应(RT-PCR)检测HUVEC细胞内t-PAmRNA的表达,其扩增产物经电泳后密度扫描及半定量分析。结果:肾上腺素模型组HUVECs培养液中t-PA(24h、48h)含量明显增加,;单给海带多糖对HUVECst-PA分泌无影响。海带多糖L01在肾上腺素刺激下给药24h,48h后t-PA抗原分泌明显降低(P〈0.01),且具有一定的量效关系,但HUVECst-PAmRNA表达各组均无明显差异。结论:肾上腺素可刺激内皮细胞分泌t-PA抗原,海带多糖L01对血管内皮具有一定的保护作用,减少肾上腺素刺激下HUVECs分泌t-PA,而对t-PAmRNA表达无明显影响。