简介:【摘要】目的:探讨对严重水肿患者使用超声引导置入 18G静脉留置针的价值。方法:纳入时间为 2017年 12月到 2018年 12月,纳入 32例来我院就诊的严重水肿患者,对所有患者均行超声引导置入 18G静脉留置针。分析穿刺成功率。结果: 32例严重水肿患者中, 1次穿刺成功的患者有 30例,其占比例为 93.75%( 30/32); 2次及 2次以上穿刺成功的患者有 2例,其占比例为 6.25%( 2/32);穿刺完成的平均时间为( 6.31±0.21) min。输液中出现轻度液体渗漏的患者有 1例,其占比例为 3.13%( 1/32);将穿刺针拔出后,并采取针对性处理,病情明显好转。结论:对严重水肿患者使用超声引导置入 18G静脉留置针,可将严重水肿患者的穿刺成功率予以提升,将治疗效果提高。
简介:InordertorevealvariationandrevolutionofNPgenesofhumanavianH_5N_1influenzavirusstrains,theNPgeneofahumanavianH_5N_1influenzavirusstraininGuangdongwassequencedandtheglobalNPgenesofstrainswereretrieved.ThesequenceswereanalyzedbyDNAStar5.0,andtheevolu-tionaryspeedwasstudiedwithreferencetotheepidemiologicaldata.ItwasfoundthatNPgenesof45strainsduring1997-2006werehomologicallyclassifiedintothreegroups:strainsin1997-1998,strainsin2004-2005andstrainsfrom2003to2006.Therewere35substitutionsinNPsinallstrainsaccountingforaratioof7.03%(35/498).Anadditionalglycoproteindomain(NGT_(430-432))wasfoundinNPgenesinthestrainsof2003-2006,themutationofN_(370)SinGD-01-06resultedinoccurrenceofonemoreglyco-proteindomain(NES_(368-370)).Inthesynonymousvariation,K_svaluesinNPwere2.03×10~(-5)-2.55×10~(-5)Nt/dandK_avaluesinNPwere1.58×10(-6)-3.10×10~(-6)Nt/d.Theredidn′texistobviouslyselectivepres-sure.Anadditionalglycoproteindomainineverystrainof2003-2006andonemoreinstrainGD-01-06mightchangetheantigenicityofhumanavianH_6N_1influenzavirus.ThevariationonhumanavianH_5N_1influenzastrainsoccurredfrequentlyinthenaturalworld,whichwouldresultinhighprobabilityofhu-man-humantransmissionalongwiththenaturalevolutionofthevirus.
简介:Theimmuneefficiencyofarecombinantadenovirustype5withtype35fibercontainingHIV-1gaggene(rAd5/F35-mod.gag)wasinvestigatedinBALB/cmice,inwhichtherAd5/F35-mod.gagwasfirstlyidentifiedwithPCR,thentransfectedto293cellsandtheinvitroexpressionlevelofGagproteinwasdeterminedbyWesternblottingandindirectimmuno-fluorescentassay.MicewereimmunizedwithintramuscularinjectionsofrAd5/F35-mod.gag,rAd5-mod.gagorDNAandwereboostedafter3weeks.Totesttheeffectofpre-existinganti-viralimmunityonimmunization,micewerealsoinjectedwithAd5-GFPvectorandthenimmunized4and7weekslaterwithAd5/F35-mod.gagvector.TheP24-specificIgGantibodyinseraofimmunizedmicewasdeterminedbyELISAandthespecificcytotoxicTlymphocyte(CTL)responsewasassayedbyintracellularcytokinestaining.ItwasdemonstratedthattherAd5/F35-mod.gagvectorcouldexpressefficientlytheHIVGagproteinin293cellsinvitroandinducestrongHIV-specificimmuneresponsesinvivo.ThestrongestCTLandserumIgGresponseoccurredwhenmicewereimmunizedtwicewithinjectionofrAd5/F35alone,buttheanti-Ad5antibodyafterprimaryinfectionwithadenoviruscouldinhibitthespecificimmuneresponsesinducedbyrAd5/F35vector.ItisconcludedthatsingleimmunizationwithrecombinantadenovirusrAd5/F35-mod.gagcaninducespecificCTLandserumIgGantibodyresponsesinmice,buttheimmunogenicityofrAd5/F35iscomparablyweakerthanthatofrAd5.
简介:【摘要】目的 观察 分析对由 胺碘酮外渗所造成的起静脉及组织损伤患者采用的护理干预措施 。方法 本次研究对象均选自在我院 2018 年 1 月到 2019 年 1 月期间出现 胺碘酮外渗 的心律失常患者 , 共 5 例 。观察患者表现出的局部特点,并探讨对患者采用的护理干预方式 。结果 患者的首发症状通常为滴入速度减慢 , 发生的主要时间在患者持续用药超过 24 小时后以及 48 小时之间。 结论 根据本次研究的结果可以确认,导致患者出现 胺碘酮外渗的主要原因就是持续滴入或者泵入胺碘酮药物,造成患者的血管壁通透性改变。所以,就需要尽可能的对患者采用中心静脉给药 , 最大限度的避免患者出现胺碘酮外渗的问题。