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简介：Performancecomparisonsarecomposedoftwoparts:thefirstpartcontainsthesystematicallyinvestigationofsixdifferenceschemesincludingCDS,FUDS,HDS,PLDS,SUDSandQUICKforconvectiontermsinnumericalfluidflowandheattransferbasedonthefinitevolumemethodusingstaggeredandRhie-Chow'smomentuminterpolationcollocatedgrids,thesecondpartcontainsthecomparativecomputationsbeingconductedonRhie-Chow'smomentuminterpolationcollocatedgridandThiart'sfinitedifferenceschemebasednonstaggeredgrid.Three3-Dcasesthathaveanalyticalorbechmarksolutionsareadopted.FortheFirstpart,theresultsofcomputationsindicatethat,allthesixschemeshavethesamenumericalaccuracywhenthediffusiontermisredominant,Withtheincreaseofconvection,theFUDS,HDSandPLDSalmosthavethesameaccuracyintwoofthosegridsystems,whiletheSUDSandQUICKhavehigheraccuracythantheformer,TheaccuracyofCDSissomethinginbetween,Forthesamunder-relaxationfactorsandconvergencecriterion,theconvergencerateofeachschemeonthosetwogridsystemsarenearlbyequalwiththatonthestaggeredgridbeingalittlebitfaster.ForQUICKandCDS,smooth,non-oscillatingsolutionscanbeobtaninedgridbeingalittlebitfaster,ForQUICKandCDS,smooth,non-oscillatingsolutionscanbeobtainedevenwhenlocalPecletnumbermaybeaslargeas31.2-31.3,Forthesecondpart,itisconcludedthatsimplifiedcollocatedgridsystemispreferablefromnumericalaccuracy,gridPecletnumberlimit,sensitivitytotheunderrelaxationfactorandthefreedominchoosingfinitedifferenceschemeforconvectionterm.

简介：AbstractObjective:To compare the efficacy and safety of four surgical strategies currently used for the management of deep implantation cesarean scar pregnancy (CSP-II).Methods:This was a retrospective clinical cohort study, and, in total, 131 women diagnosed with CSP-II and primarily treated in our hospital were recruited. Women treated using laparoscopy assisted by operative hysteroscopy (LAOH; Group A, n = 25), uterine artery embolization (UAE) followed by LAOH (Group B, n = 21), ultrasound-guided dilatation and curettage (D&C; Group C, n = 24), and UAE followed by D&C (Group D, n = 61) were evaluated. Univariate and multiple logistic analyses were performed to identify the risk factors.Results:No statistically significant difference was found in patient age, gestational age, size of lesion, and pretreatment serum β-human chorionic gonadotropins (β-hCG) level. Operation time was longer (P < 0.001) and the success rate was higher (P = 0.01) in both Group A and Group B than in Group C and Group D. When the cohort was further analyzed regarding patients with myometrial thickness ≤3 mm (n = 75, defined as CSP-IIb), a lower rate of perioperative complications (P = 0.036) and a higher success rate (P < 0.001) remained in Group A (n = 15) and Group B (n = 15) but not in Group C (n = 11) or Group D (n = 34). In multiple logistic regression analysis, the risk factors related to lower treatment efficacy for patients with CSP-II were thinner myometrial thickness of cesarean scar (CS) (≤3 mm) (odds ratio [OR] = 5.470, P = 0.062), number of cesarean sections (a2) (OR = 8.877, P = 0.013), mass protruding into the bladder or abdominal cavity (OR = 25.507, P < 0.001), and direct D&C modality (OR = 38.247, P = 0.010).Conclusions:Compared with D&C ± UAE, LAOH ± UAE showed a higher success rate for patients with CSP-II, especially when the zygote was more deeply implanted with a myometrial thickness of CS ≤ 3 mm. CSP-II treatment should be individualized on the basis of many risk factors.

简介：研究被进行在C在碱新陈代谢的变化上调查高温的效果。升起我们在福雷斯特植物生态学的关键实验室的幼苗，东北林地大学，Heilongiang，中国。60-day-oldC。玫瑰我们有34片叶子的幼苗与30°C的温度在房间被孵化；为短期的热的40°C震惊实验；20°C，25°C；为长期的实验的35°C。vindoline的内容，catharanthine，vinblastine；在C的长春新碱。玫瑰我们离开；根在短术语(16h)在不同温度被检查；长期(116d)。结果在短期的热吃惊下面显示出那，vindoline的内容，catharanthine；在幼苗的叶子的vinblastine在40°C是更高的与比在30°C，但是在6h处理以后，vindoline的内容；在二温度下面的catharanthine来到了一样的水平。Catharanthine只在C被散布。升起我们根；它的内容被40%在40°C在二小时孵化以后增加，当在30°C孵化慢慢地增加了时；在6h到达了最高的价值。在长期的实验，monomeric碱catharanthine的集中；vindoline比在25°C在20°C是更高的；在35°C的条件下面有锋利的增加。当时为二聚的碱，越高，看了那温度，vinblastine内容的山峰价值越earlier出现。长春新碱有连续改进；达到了0.027mg·g[1]在在比处于另外的条件的那些高的35°C状况下面的第16白天。高温能在C支持不同的碱的累积，这被结束。升起我们；累积特征是高度与处理时间有关。

简介：Inordertoraisetheprecisionofstresswaveimagingtechnology(SWIT),undertheconditionsofdifferentareaandoutlineofsimulatedcavitydefectsintimberdiscsofspruce,differentnumberofusedsensors,therelationshipbetweenimaginggraphdefectsandrealdefectsisstudied.Theresultshows:SWITcandisplaygraphofdefects,theprecisionofimaginggraphrelatestorateofrealdefectareaandareaofthetestedwoodcrosssection,thenumberofusedsensorsandoutlineshapeofthedefects.Whentheraterisesfrom1.6%to25.0%,therelativeerrorofgraphdefectareaandrealdefectareadropsfrom22.6%to9.7%.Whenthenumberofusedsensorsisfrom6to24,thegraphofSWITcanshowtheexistenceofrealdefect.ButthenumberofsensorsusedinfluencestheprecisionofSWIT.Outlineshapeofdefectshascertaineffectondetectionofdefects.Undertheconditionofthesamedefectarea,thedefectsoflongandnarrowshapeareeasytobeshownbygraph.Therelationerrorofdefectareaofsuborbicularshapeissmallerthanthatoflongandnarrowshape.

简介：Thispaperproposesamixedintegerprogrammingmodelfortheallocationofrailmountedgantrycranesforfourbasicyardactivitieswithdifferentpriorities.Themodelpaysspecialattentiontothetypicalfeaturesofthiskindofgantrycranes,suchasarestrictedtravelingrangeandalimitednumberofadjustmentsduringloadinganddischargingoperations.Incontrasttomostoftheliteraturedealingwiththesefouryardactivitiesindividually,thispapermodelsthemintoanintegratedproblem,whosecomputationalcomplexityisprovedtobeNP-hard.WearethereforemotivatedtodevelopaLagrangianrelaxation-basedheuristictosolvetheproblem.Wecomparetheproposedheuristicwiththebranch-and-boundmethodthatusescommercialsoftwarepackages.Extensivecomputationalresultsshowthattheproposedheuristicachievescompetitivesolutionqualitiesforsolvingthetestedproblems.

简介：Background:Tropicalforestsplayanimportantroleintheglobalcarbon(C)cycle.However,tropicalmontaneforestshavebeenstudiedlessthantropicallowlandforests,andtheirroleincarbonstorageisnotwellunderstood.Montaneforestsarehighlyendangeredduetologging,land-useandclimatechange.Ourobjectivewastoanalysehowthecarbonbalancechangesduringforestsuccession.Methods:Inthisstudy,weusedamethodtoestimatelocalcarbonbalancesthatcombinedforestinventorydatawithprocess-basedforestmodels.WeutilisedsuchaforestmodeltostudythecarbonbalanceofatropicalmontaneforestinSouthEcuador,comparingtwotopographicalslopepositions(ravinesandlowerslopesvsupperslopesandridges).Results:Thesimulationresultsshowedthattheforestactsasacarbonsinkwithamaximumnetecosystemexchange(NEE)of9.3MgC?(ha?yr)-1duringitsearlysuccessionalstage(0–100years).Inthelatesuccessionalstage,thesimulatedNEEfluctuatedaroundzeroandhadavariationof0.77MgC?(ha?yr)–1.ThesimulatedvariabilityoftheNEEwaswithintherangeofthefielddata.Wediscoveredseveralforestattributes(e.g.,basalareaortherelativeamountofpioneertrees)thatcanserveaspredictorsforNEEforyoungforeststands(0–100years)butnotforthoseinthelatesuccessionalstage(500–1,000years).Incaseofyoungforeststandsthesecorrelationsarehigh,especiallybetweenstandbasalareaandNEE.Conclusion:Inthisstudy,weusedanEcuadorianstudysiteasanexampleofhowtosuccessfullylinkaforestmodelwithforestinventorydata,forestimatingstem-diameterdistributions,biomassandabovegroundnetprimaryproductivity.Toconclude,thisstudyshowsthatprocess-basedforestmodelscanbeusedtoinvestigatethecarbonbalanceoftropicalmontaneforests.Withthismodelitispossibletofindhiddenrelationshipsbetweenforestattributesandforestcarbonfluxes.Theserelationshipspromoteabetterunderstandingoftheroleoftropicalmontaneforest

简介：Waterqualityiscriticaltoensurethatmarineresourcesandtheenvironmentareutilizedinasustainablemanner.TheobjectiveofthisstudyisthereforetoinvestigatetheoptimumplacementofmarineenvironmentalmonitoringsitestomonitorwaterqualityinShanghai,China.Toimprovethemappingorestimationaccuracyoftheareaswithdifferentwaterqualitygrades,themonitoringsiteswerefixedintransitionbandsbetweenareasofdifferentgradesratherthaninotherpositions.Followingbidirectionaloptimizationmethod,first,18candidatesiteswereselectedbyfilteringoutspecificsitecategories.Second,threeofthesewere,inturn,eliminatedbecauseoftheruledefinedbythechangesintheareasofwaterqualitygradesandbythestandarddeviationoftheinterpolationerrorsofdissolvedinorganicnitrogen（DIN）andphosphate（PO_4-P）.Furthermore,indicatorkrigingwasemployedtodepictthetransitionbandsbetweendifferentwaterqualitygradeswhenevernewsamplingsiteswereadded.Thefouroptimizationprojectsofthenewlyaddedsitesrevealthat,alloptimizedsitesweredistributedinthetransitionbandsofdifferentwatergrades,andatthesametimeintheareaswherethehistoricalsitesweresparselydistributed.Newsiteswerealsofoundintheoverlapregionofdifferenttransitionbands.Additionalsiteswereespeciallyrequiredintheseregionstodiscriminatetheboundariesofdifferentwaterqualitygrades.Usingthebidirectionaloptimizationmethodofthemonitoringsites,theboundariesofdifferentwaterqualitygradescouldbedeterminedwithahigherprecision.Asaresult,theinterpolationerrorsofDINandPO_4-Pcouldtheoreticallydecrease.

简介：在山溪流的床负担运输仔细被连接到streambed结构。Strambed结构是在极端洪水期间扔的大石头和卵石的安排，在展出流动的高驱散的一种稳定的配置。领域实验在云南在一条山溪流被执行，西南的中国，三典型streambeds上的学习的床负担运动，即与开发的井，部分发展了，并且没有结构。一在水下观察和捕获录像的系统被设计观察并且测量床负担粒子的运动。在三个条件下面的床负担粒子的开始模式，轨道，速度，和加速被观察并且分析。结果证明床负担运动高度与streambed状况被联系。与开发得好的结构，床负担粒子通过跳跃间歇地移动了，床负担运输率是很低的。为部分开发的结构，大多数床负担粒子通过跳跃移动了，但是沉积的部分搬进来滑动并且滚动。在没有streambed结构(飞机床)的情况中联系负担运动(滑动并且滚动)逐渐地变得主导。而且，把压成薄片的负担运动发生了并且当流动分泌物和到来的沉积负担很高时，成为了床负担运输的主要部件。把压成薄片的负担运动是有极其高的紧张的床负担运动的一种特殊形式。两个都扮演浪费流动体力并且是的床负担运输和streambed结构互相抑制。床负担运输的高率在溪流发生了没有或差的床结构，和低床负担运输与很好发达的结构被联系。床负担运输率相反地被相关到streambed开发的度。

简介：Multipleregenerationofaxonalbudshasbeenshowntoexistduringtherepairofperipheralnerveinjury,whichconfirmsacertainrepairpotentialoftheinjuredperipheralnerve.Therefore,asystematicnervetranspositionrepairtechniquehasbeenproposedtotreatsevereperipheralnerveinjury.Duringnervetranspositionrepair,theregeneratednervefibersofmotorneuronsintheanteriorhornofthespinalcordcaneffectivelygrowintotherepaireddistalnerveandtargetmuscletissues,whichisconducivetotherecoveryofmotorfunction.Theaimofthisstudywastoexploreregenerationandnervefunctionalrecoveryafterrepairingalong-segmentperipheralnervedefectbytranspositionofdifferentdonornerves.Along-segment(2mm)ulnarnervedefectinSprague-Dawleyratswasrepairedbytranspositionofthemusculocutaneousnerve,medialpectoralnerve,muscularbranchesoftheradialnerveandanteriorinterosseousnerve(pronatorquadratusmusclebranch).Insiturepairoftheulnarnervewasconsideredasacontrol.Threemonthslater,wristflexionfunction,nerveregenerationandinnervationmusclerecoveryinratswereassessedusingneuroelectrophysiologicaltesting,osmicacidstainingandhematoxylin-eosinstaining,respectively.Ourfindingsindicatethatrepairofalong-segmentulnarnervedefectwithdifferentdonornervetranspositionscanreinnervateaxonalfunctionofmotorneuronsintheanteriorhornofspinalcordandrestorethefunctionofaffectedlimbstoacertainextent.

简介：TostudyIgGsubclassesforthehepatitisBvirus(HBV)coreantigen(anti-HBc)indifferentpopulations,acomparisonwasmadebetween104chroniccarriers(60maleand44female)and434recoveredindividuals(247maleand192female).BiochemistryanalysesofAST(aspartateaminotransferase)andALT(alanineaminotransferase)werealsoperformed.Amongthe104chroniccarriers,21patientswerefoundtobeALTandASTabnormal(＞25IU/ml).AftercomparingtheseALTandASTabnormalpatientswithotherALTandASTnormalchroniccarriers,nostatisticaldifferencewasobservedintheODvaluesoftheanti-HBe(p＞0.05).TheELISAresultsshowedtheanti-HBcIgGsubclasspatternwasIgG1＞IgG3＞IgG4inchroniccarriersandIgG3＞IgG1＞IgG4inrecoveredindividuals(p＜0.05).ThisresultsuggeststheIgG1/IgG3ratiomayberelatedwithHBVstatus.However,inspiteofthedifferentanti-HBcIgG1/IgG3patternsdemonstratedindifferentpopulations,bothanti-HBcIgG1andIgG3concentrationsweresignificantlyhigherinchroniccarriers(p＜0.05).Therefore,boththeanti-HBcIgG1/IgG3ratioandtheiramountsdiffered.Theymayplayasignificantroleinchroniccarriersandrecoveredindividuals.Theanti-HBcIgGsubclassprofilesofchroniccarrierswerenotchangedregardlessofliverinflammation,andwereindependentofsexandage.Cellular&MolecularImmunology.

简介：有在装饰用的梨树米饭(OryzasativaL.)的不同生态型的115个变化(包括的栽培变种和线)被钠dodecyl硫酸盐polyacrylamide(SDS页)为内乳存储蛋白质分析为基因改善和变化鉴定的目的估计他们的基因差异。侧面的十九种类型根据1被识别)65个kDa乐队，的存在/缺席2)染色70的紧张，60,57，37-39，22-23，13和10个kDa乐队，3)35kDa(a-4)的迁居速度并且4)乐队数字at57kDa地点。有算术的一个未加权对的组一般水准方法意味着(UPGMA)蛋白质乐队的基因类似的簇分析上的dendrogrambased在测试材料之中显示出smallgeneticvariation，与变化在之间的类似系数第0.75a1.00。三个不同的组从变化在0.894的类似系数水平学习了的米饭的簇分析被识别。第一个组与高直链淀粉内容包括了八个变化，第二个组与高蛋白质内容包含了十五个变化，并且第三个组有留下92个变化，它说明了80%全部的材料。在簇分析揭示的成熟和组区分的生态型之间的清楚的关系没在这研究被发现。仅仅高直链淀粉的组连接了withmedium成熟媒介装饰用的梨树生态型。70kDa和65kDa的乐队能被用作蛋白质标记鉴别F_1播种装饰用的梨树杂交稻Liuyanyou422的纯净。

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简介：学习砷(作为)象水的不同类型的开始一样的内容和分发模式，特别喝的不同来源在Guanzhong盆流水，Shaanxi省，中国，139件水样品从不同深度的井在62个采样点被收集从温泉，并且河。这些样品同样满意被断断续续的流动氢化物产生测量原子荧光spectrometry方法(HG-AFS)。同样在Guanzhong盆的喝的水里的集中极大地变化(0.00-68.08μg/L)，并且这在南部的Guanzhong盆的地下水的集中在北Guanzhong盆与那不同。甚至在在南部的Guanzhong盆的一样的地点以内，同样在不同深度的集中极大地变化。作为从浅井的地下水的集中(<50m深，0.56-3.87μg/L)比从深井低得多(110-360m深，19.34-62.91μg/L)，而作为在北Guanzhong的任何深度的水里的集中盆是<10μg/L。南部的Guanzhong盆是最新发现的高度--作为在中国的地下水区域。高度--当地下水主要在在Qinling山和Weihe河之间的区域被散布；它仅仅在在限制含水土层从110～360m的深度被发现了，它在南部的Guanzhong盆在Lishi和Wucheng黄土(更低、中间的更新世)存储水。作为热泉水的集中是6.47-11.94μg/L；在1000和1500m之间的地热的水的深是43.68-68.08μg/L。高度--也，在从在南部的Guanzhong盆的110～360m的深度的水有很低的氟的符号(F)价值，它通常是<0.10mg/L。否则，在南部的Guanzhong盆的Lintong和Tangyu和地热的水的温泉有很高的F价值(8.07-14.96mg/L)。结果高显示那--作为深入地从110～360的地下水，m不大可能在一样的区域与地热的水有一种直接关系。作为所有水库和河的集中(污染并且没有被污染)在Guanzhong，盆是<10μg/L。这证明表面水里的那污染不是高度的来源--作为在南部的Guanzhong盆。高度的分区边界--作为并且低--作为地下水，区域在Guanzhong盆对应于构造单位的分�

简介：强壮的对流降水事件数字地在2004年7月10日在这篇论文在Beijingis上模仿了的夏天，和夏天对陵上的城市的热岛(UHI)的影响被调查。分析表明一个中央规模对疗簇系统导致这个重降雨事件，建议由在降水的开始前的大规模发行量的潮湿的供应，2-3℃的通常更弱的UHI在城市的区域存在。就象海风一样，反常地温暖的城市的空气创造了相对低的压力，导致向城市的中心的更凉爽的农村空气的流入，它对上升运动和在城市的区域上的对流降水的形成有利。另外，强壮的对流降水事件的数字模拟建议用有30-m分辨率的2002LANDSAT-7陆地使用数据的降水的模仿的结果用有1-km分辨率的1992-1993USGS陆地使用数据是比那好一些的，是否在降雨的大小或在降水的地点。模拟证实到某程度UHIhas在引起极端降雨事件的一个重要角色。

简介：Inthispaper,withK+,Ca2+andFe3+astheobjectsofstudy,retardationofsoil–bentonite(SB)barriermaterialsformetalionswithdifferentvalencesisinvestigated,andtheadsorptionmechanism,migrationpatternsandpermeationbehaviorareexploredsoastoprovideatheoreticalbasisfortheirapplication.TheresultsshowthattheadsorptionprocessformetalionswithdifferentvalencesbySBbarriermaterialsisfast,andthehigherthevalence,thegreatertheadsorptioncapacity.Thefttingoftheadsorptionprocessconformstopseudo-second-orderadsorptionkineticsandLangmuir–Freundlichadsorptionequation,whichexplainsthatchemicaladsorptionisthedominatingstateandthattheSBsurfacehascertainheterogeneity.ThepermeabilitycoeffcientofK+,Ca2+andFe3+inSBeachhasamaximumandthehigherthevalence,thesoonerthemaximumappears.Alsothehigherthevalence,themoreobvioustheeffectonSBretardationperformance;andthesoonertheionbreaksthroughthebarrierwallcompletely,thatis,thewall’sretardationperformanceforhighervalentionsmaydecline.

简介：数字模拟基于计算液体动力学(CFD)是为在FSW期间调查内在的热机械的条件的份量上的一条有用途径，例如温度地和材料变丑地。在FSW的CFD模拟的关键问题之一是摩擦边界条件的使用，它在数字模型代表在焊接工具和细工品之间的磨擦。在这研究，三维的数字模拟被进行在AA2024的FSW期间分析热转移和塑料变丑行为。为比较目的，边界速度(BV)模型和边界砍压力(BSS)模特儿被雇用以便在在FSW预言温度和材料变丑估计他们的表演。注意不同边界条件在材料变丑上在温度，而是相当不同的预言上产出类似的预言有趣。数字预言与试验性的结果相比。当由BV模型和试验性的大小的预言之间有大差别时，由BSS模型的预言的变丑地区几何学与试验性的结果一致。BSS模型在变丑地区几何学上产出更合理的预言的事实被归因于它的能力自动地在工具/细工品接口调整接触状态。在温度地和材料变丑地上基于有利预言，BSS模型被建议比BV模型在FSW的数字模拟有更好的表演。

简介：Thedifferencesintheclimatologyofextratropicaltransition(ET)ofwesternNorthPacifictropicalcyclones(TCs)wereinvestigatedinthisstudyusingtheTCsbest-trackdatasetsofChinaMeteorologicalAdministration(CMA),JapanMeteorologicalAgency(JMA)andtheJointTyphoonWarningCenter(JTWC).TheresultsshowthattheETidentification,ETcompletiontime,andpost-ETdurationreportedintheJTWCdatasetaregreatlydifferentfromthoseinCMAandJMAdatasetsduring2004-2010.However,thekeydifferencesbetweentheCMAandJMAdatasetsfrom1951to2010aretheETidentificationandthepost-ETduration,becauseofinconsistentobjectiveETcriteriausedinthecenters.FurtheranalysisindicatesthatannualETpercentageofCMAwaslowerthanthatofJMA,andexhibitedaninterannualdecreasingtrend,whilethatofJMAwasanunchangedtrend.ThewesternNorthPacificETeventsoccurredmainlyduringtheperiodJunetoNovember.ThelatitudeofEToccurrenceshiftednorthwardfromFebruarytoAugust,followedbyasouthwardshift.MostofETeventswereobservedbetween35°Nand45°N.Fromaregionalperspective,TCstendedtoundergoETinJapanandtheoceaneasttoit.ItisfoundthatTCswhichexperiencedtheETprocessathigherlatitudesweregenerallymoreintenseattheETcompletiontime.TCscompletingtheEToverlandoroffshorewereweakerthanthosefinishingtheETovertheocean.MostoftheTCsweakened24hbeforethecompletionofET.Incontrast,21%(27%)oftheTCsshowedanintensificationprocessbasedontheCMA(JMA)datasetduringthepost-ETperiod.TheresultspresentedinthisstudyindicatethatconsistentETdeterminationcriteriaareneededtoreducetheuncertaintyinvolvedinETidentificationamongthecenters.

简介：TheLouisschemeandtheCOAREalgorithm(version3.0)aretestedagainsteddycovarianceandinertialdissipationmethodsforfrictionvelocityestimatesindifferentwind-sea/swellregimes.Atmosphericforcingdata,tabulatedbyDonelanetal.(1997.JPhysOceanog,27:2087～2099),werecollectedfromamastontheforedeckofaSWATH(smallwater-planearea,twinhull)shipindeepseaofftheStateofVirginiaduringthesurfacewavedynamicsexperiment.Thesedataarerepresentativeoflowtomoderatewindregimes.TheaerodynamicroughnesslengthisdeterminedbyusingtheCharnockrelationship.TheintercomparisonshowsthattheLouisschemeandtheCOAREalgorithmunderestimatethefrictionvelocityby6%and3%respectivelyunderpurewindseaconditions,15%and13%respectivelyundercrossswellconditions,and21%and17%respectivelyundercounterswellconditions.Theanalysisshowsthattheseunderestimationswerecausedbythemethodchosentodeterminetheaerodynamicroughnesslengthbecauseitsignificantlyunderestimatestheaerodynamicroughnesslength.Itisespeciallytrueunderthecrossswellandcounterswellconditions.

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