简介:目的:对湖北地区20~29岁人群的角膜散光情况与不同近视度数的关系进行调查,找出其变化规律。方法:用角膜地形图对随机抽取的2254例湖北地区20~29岁青年居民进行散光度、轴向及近视度数的测定,并分析其变化规律。结果:湖北地区20~29岁居民中,各个近视度段散光在26°~150°范围内所占人数比例最大,各个近视度段均呈现顺规散光人数多于逆规散光。其中女性高度近视段约为75.3%,中度近视段约为82.7%,低度近视段约为87.2%;男性高度近视段约为74.6%,中度近视段约为83.0%,低度近视段约为82.3%。20~29岁男性高度近视段顺规散光人数比例高于其他两组;女性低度近视段顺规散光人数比例低于其他两组,差异有统计学意义。20~29岁人群中女性中度近视段顺规散光人数比例高于同近视度男性组,且女性总体组顺规散光人数比例高于男性总体组,差异有统计学意义。20~29岁男、女性高度近视组200°以内散光人数比例均低于中度近视组,差异有统计学意义。结论:湖北地区20~29岁居民中,各个近视度段散光在26°~150°范围内所占人数比例最大,且各个近视度段不论男女均呈现顺规散光人数多于逆规散光;男性高度近视段顺规散光人数比例高于其他两组,女性低度近视段顺规散光人数比例低于其他两组;女性中度近视段顺规散光人数比例高于同近视度男性组,且女性总体组顺规散光人数比例高于男性总体组;男、女性高度近视组200°以内散光人数比例均低于中度近视组。
简介:目的:分析最小量节段性外垫压手术治疗复杂原发性视网膜脱离的效果和手术并发症。方法:回顾性分析2006-10/2008-10在西安市第四医院眼科住院的、接受最小量节段性外垫压术治疗的连续的复杂原发性孔源性视网膜脱离76例。复杂原发性孔源性视网膜脱离限定为裂孔位于两个及两个以上象限,玻璃体视网膜病变分级在C1~C2。最小量节段性外垫压术是指仅限于裂孔区的节段性外垫压,联合前房穿刺放房水,术后裂孔周围激光凝固。分析其发病年龄、病程、手术前后视力、视网膜脱离范围、裂孔数目、裂孔形态、一次手术复位率、再次手术复位率、再次手术率及术后并发症,并行统计学处理。结果:患者发病年龄平均31.92(19~62)岁,平均病程为7.40(2.0~36.5)mo,视网膜脱离象限平均为3.33个,平均裂孔数量为3.43(2~7)个。手术后视力提高的患者为48例,一次手术复位率是84%(64/76);再次手术复位率是93%;再次手术率为38%。术后并发症包括:术后短期复视3例,短期高眼压12例,黄斑水肿2例,共17例。结论:和文献资料比较,以最小量手术治疗复杂原发性视网膜脱离可以取得与环扎手术同样的解剖及功能复位,但是再次手术率较高。强调手术适应证选择的重要性。
简介:目的:运用PlusoptixA09小儿自动测光仪探测雅加达地区学龄前儿童屈光不正及其他眼病的发生情况。方法:对雅加达的三个地区(南唐格朗,勿加泗和西雅加达)三所幼儿园中,平均年龄4.46岁(2~6周岁)的儿童进行屈光不正及其他眼病检测。结果:受检的166名儿童中,男生占51.2%(n=85),女生48.8%(n=81)。视力筛选以Arthur修定标准为参考,并为15.67%(n=26)的儿童做更深一步的全面性眼部检查。其中2人高度远视,14人严重散光,6人散光加近视,1人屈光参差,1人无法检测,2人患有其他眼病(由慢性咳嗽导致的先天性眼睑下垂、严重瘀斑和结膜下出血)。结论:本研究表明,运用PlusoptixA09测出弱视危险因素结果为15.67%。此项数据表明,印度尼西亚地区医疗保健人员对学龄前儿童视力筛选工作不够重视,尤其是对不可逆性弱视的危害性重视度不够。
简介:目的探讨用改良圈匙娩核并注重粘弹剂应用对防止小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘出人工晶体植入术并发症的作用。方法用改良圈匙娩核并注重粘弹剂应用对355例白内障行小切口非超声乳化白内障人工晶体植入术。结果术后三天矫正视力≥0.5者291眼达82%,脱残339眼(95.5%)脱盲315眼(98.9%)。术后角膜水肿39眼,占10.98%均在3~6天后恢复透明。后囊破裂7眼,占1.97%,前房出血4眼,占1.13%。瞳孔轻度变形10眼,占2.8%,暂时性高眼压4眼,占1.13%。结论在行小切口白内障囊外摘出人工晶体植入时,应用改良后的圈匙娩核并注重粘弹剂应用,就会明显减少并发症,达到良好的效果。
简介:AIM:ToanalyzecasesofobstructionofthenasolacrimalductwhichcreatesafertileenvironmentforsecondarybacterialInfectionandcanresultindacryocystitis,whichisaconstantthreattocorneaandorbitalsofttissueandapotentialsourceofendophthalmitisfollowingintraocularsurgery.Themajorityofobstructionsofthelacrimalexcretoryoutflowsystemareacquiredonesoccurringinadulthoodandinvolvingthedistalpartsofthesystem.Acquiredobstructionmaybeprimary/idiopathicorsecondarytoawidevarietyofinfectious,inflammatory,traumatic,mechanical,toxicorneoplasticcausesmimickingidiopathicinflammation.Thesecasesaretreatedbydacryocystorhinostomy(DCR).METHODS:Thepresentstudywasconductedtodeterminethehistopathologic,immunohistochemicalandcurrentmicrobiologiccharacteristicsoflacrimalsacspecimensinpatientsundergoingexternaldacryocystorhinostomy.RESULTS:Non-specificlacrimalsacpathologywaspresentinall33casesand81.8%ofthecasesshowedmoderatechronicinflammationwithachronicinflammatoryscore(CIS)rangingbetween4and6,whereas12.12%showedsevereinflammatorychangeswithaCISof7.Milddegreeofinflammationwasseenin6.06%withaCISof3.Thetotalprevalenceofgrampositive,gram-negative,andculture-negativesampleswere59.4%,37.5%,and3%respectively.CONCLUSION:Non-specificchronicinflammationwithfibrosisisindeedthemostcommonlyreportedhistopathologicalfindinginlacrimalsacwallbiopsyspecimens.
简介:AIM:Todescribethecharacteristicsofmodulationtransferfunction(MTF)ofanteriorcornealsurface,andobtainthethenormalreferencerangeofMTFatdifferentspatialfrequenciesandopticalzonesoftheanteriorcornealsurfaceinmyopes.·METHODS:Fourhundredeyesfrom200patientswereexaminedunderSIRIUScornealtopographysystem.PhoenisanalysissoftwarewasappliedtosimulatetheMTFcurvesofanteriorcornealsurfaceatverticalandhorizontalmeridiansatthe3,4,5,6,7mmopticalzonesofcornea.TheMTFvaluesatspatialfrequenciesof5,10,15,20,25,30,35,40,45,50,55and60cycles/degree(c/d)wereselected.·RESULTS:TheMTFcurveofanteriorcornealsurfacedecreasedrapidlyfromlowtointermediatefrequency(0-15cpd)atvariousopticalzonesofcornea,thevaluedecreasedto0slowlyathigherfrequency(>15cpd).Withtheincreaseoftheopticalzonesofcornea,MTFcurvedecreasedgradually.3)Intherangeof3mm-6mmopticalzonesofthecornea,theMTFvaluesmeasuredathorizontalmeridianweregreaterthanthecorrespondingvaluesathorizontalmeridianofeachspatialfrequency,thedifferencewasstatisticallysignificant(P<0.05).At7mmopticalzonesofcornea,theMTFvaluesmeasuredathorizontalmeridianwerelessthanthecorrespondingvaluesatverticalmeridianat10-60spatialfrequencies(cpd),andthedifferencewasstatisticallysignificantin25,30,35,40,45,50cpd(P<0.05).·CONCLUSION:MTFcanbeusedtodescribetheimagingqualityofopticalsystemsatanteriorcornealsurfaceobjectivelyindetail.
简介:目的评价小切口白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶体植入术对高度近视并发性白内障的临床疗效。方法对我院2006年4月~2010年5月期间实施小切口非超声乳化白内障囊外摘除术治疗的23例(28眼)高度近视(眼轴〉26mm)并发性白内障患者病案资料进行回顾性分析。结果所有患者均顺利完成手术,术中3眼晶状体后囊膜破裂,1眼术后发生视网膜脱离,术后3d最佳矫正视力达0.3以上者21眼(75%),术后1个月最佳矫正视力达0.3以上者23眼(82%)。结论小切口白内障囊外摘除术治疗高度近视并发性白内障,术中及术后并发症少,术后视力恢复好,对手术设备要求不高,是基层医院治疗高度近视并发性白内障的理想术式。
简介:目的:探讨舌状截囊方法在过熟期白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术的临床效果。方法:对380眼过熟期白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术中采用舌状截囊方法,术后观察及随访其疗效。结果:所有患眼术后视力均有不同程度提高,视力恢复情况:术后1d,0.1以下85眼(22.4%),0.1-0.3者162眼(42.6%),0.4-0.6者87眼(22.9%),0.6以上者46眼(12.1%)。术后1mo0.1以下33眼(8.7%),0.1-0.3者152眼(40.0%),0.4-0.6者117眼(30.8%),0.6以上者78眼(20.5%)。术中术后并发症:术中悬韧带断离16眼(4.2%),后囊膜破裂25眼(6.6%),角膜水肿53眼(13.9%),人工晶状体偏位12眼(3.2%)。结论:舌状截囊方法容易掌握,手术的安全性更好,更适合在援非过熟期白内障囊外摘除联合人工晶状体植入术中的应用。
简介:目的:分析玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德术后继发性青光眼的发生率和危险因素。方法:对连续收治的256例有玻璃体腔注射曲安奈德适应证的各类眼底病患者实施单次玻璃腔注射4mg/0.1mL曲安奈德手术,观察其术后眼压变化情况。主要适应证包括湿性年龄相关性黄斑变性,其它原因如糖尿病性视网膜病变、视网膜中央静脉阻塞、视网膜分支静脉阻塞,视网膜静脉周围炎等引起的黄斑水肿性疾病。结果:256例256眼经至少3mo的追踪观察随访中,56眼发生继发性青光眼,发病率为21.9%。结论:继发性青光眼与年龄、性别、血压、糖尿病、玻璃体腔注药术的不同适应证、术前是否行白内障手术、是否行光动力治疗、是否行玻璃体切除手术等因素没有相关性。注药前青光眼病史的存在和基础眼压高于19mmHg等情况为术后继发性青光眼的显著危险因素。
简介:AIM:Toassesstheeffectivenessofimmunosuppressantsintheprophylaxisofcornealallograftrejectionafterhigh-riskkeratoplastyandnormal-riskkeratoplasty.METHODS:WesearchedtheCochraneCentralRegisterofControlledTrials(CENTRAL),MEDLINE,EMBASE,CNKI,VIPandreferencelistsofarticles.Dateofmostrecentsearch:18June,2011.Allrandomisedcontrolledtrials(RCTs)assessingtheuseofimmunosupressantsinthepreventionofgraftrejection,irrespectiveofpublicationlanguage.Twoauthorsassessedtrialqualityandextracteddataindependently.Onlydichotomousoutcomes(cleargraftsurvival,ratioofimmunereactionsandsideeffects)wereavailableandwereexpressedasrelativerisk(RR)and95%confidenceintervals(CI).RESULTS:Sevenstudieswereincludedinthisreview.Inthecomparingofmycophenolatemofetil(MMF)withplacebo,theresultsshowedMMFcouldsignificantlyreduceimmunereactionscomparedwithplacebo(RR1.0895%Cl0.95to1.21),butnoeffectoncleargraftsurvival(RR1.1195%Cl0.90to1.35).Incleargraftsurvivalandimmunereactions,MMFandcyclosporineA(CsA)showedsimilareffect(RR1.1195%Cl0.90to1.35,andRR1.48,95%Cl0.56to3.93,respectively).Tacrolimus(FK506)andsteroidshowedsimilareffectsoncleargraftsurvivalandimmunereactions(RR0.32,95%CI0.02to6.21,andRR1.00,95%CI0.88to1.14,respectively).Nodrugrelativesideeffecthasbeenfound.CONCLUSION:MMFmayreduceimmunereactionsinbothnormal-riskandhigh-riskrejectionofpenetratingkeratoplasty.CsAandFK506showedsimilareffectsasMMF.However,duetothelackoflargeclinicaltrials,theevidenceremainweak,thequalityofevidenceswereratedasverylowtomoderate.Large,properlyrandomised,placebo-controlled,doublemaskedtrialsareneededtoevaluatetheeffectofimmunosuppressants.
简介:目的观察泪道探通后氟尿嘧啶应用联合鼻泪管中逆行植入球头硅胶管术治疗慢性泪囊炎的临床疗效。方法从门诊就诊的泪道阻塞患者中,选取泪点泪小管均通畅的慢性泪囊炎患者42例(56只眼),随机分为实验组与对照组,治疗组采用先泪道探通扩张,并将氟尿嘧啶溶液浸入阻塞创面,后经鼻腔逆行植入球头硅胶管术治疗,对手术疗效进行分析。对照组则不采用氟尿嘧啶干预措施,其余治疗与对照组相同。两组患者均于术后3个月拔管。结果拔管后随访3~12个月,治疗组21例(29只眼)中有效25只眼,泪道冲洗通畅无分泌物,2只眼冲洗欠通畅无分泌物,2眼泪道冲洗仍阻塞,治愈率86.2%。对照组21例(27只眼)中有效17只眼,泪道冲洗通畅无分泌物,4只眼冲洗欠通畅无分泌物,6眼泪道冲洗仍阻2塞,治愈率63.0%。经χ检验治疗组治愈率高于对照组(P〈0.05)。结论泪道探通联合球头硅胶管逆行植入术治疗慢性泪囊炎具有操作简便、不切皮肤、不损伤组织结构等优点,临床疗效肯定。氟尿嘧啶对于预防泪道阻塞部位创面再次粘连,提高远期疗效有确切作用。
简介:目的观察Ex-press青光眼引流器植入术治疗难治性青光眼患者的疗效及安全性。方法选取2015年月—520177月我院难治性青光眼患者74例(74眼),依据治疗方案不同分组,各37例(37眼)。观察组行Ex-press青光眼引流器植入术,对照组行小梁切除术。统计对比两组手术成功率及并发症发生情况。结果观察组手术成功率.49%(32/较对8637)照组59.46%(22/37)高,且并发症发生率18.92%(7/37)较对照组40.54%(15/37)低,差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论Ex-press青光眼引流器植入术应用于难治性青光眼治疗中,可进一步提高治疗效果,且安全性较高。
简介:AIM:Toinvestigatetheaccuracyofintraocularpressure(IOP)asmeasuredbyaReichertOcularResponseAnalyzer(ORA),aswellastherelationshipbetweencentralcornealthickness(CCT)andIOPasmeasuredbyORA,Goldmannapplanationtonometry(GAT),anddynamiccontourtonometry(DCT).·METHODS:Atotalof158healthyindividuals(296eyes)werechosenrandomlyformeasurementofIOP.AfterCCTwasmeasuredusingA-ultrasound(A-US),IOPwasmeasuredbyORA,GAT,andDCTdevicesinarandomizedorder.TheIOPvaluesacquiredusingeachofthethreetonometrieswerecompared,andtherelationshipbetweenCCTandIOPvalueswereanalyzedseparately.TwoIOPvalues,Goldmann-correlatedIOPvalue(IOPg)andcorneal-compensatedintraocularpressure(IOPcc),weregotusingORA.ThreegroupsweredefinedaccordingtoCCT:1)thincornea(CCT<520μm);2)normal-thicknesscornea(CCT:520-580μm);and3)thickcornea(CCT>580μm)groups.·RESULTS:Innormalsubjects,IOPmeasurementswere14.95±2.99mmHgwithORA(IOPg),15.21±2.77mmHgwithORA(IOPcc),15.22±2.77mmHgwithGAT,and15.49±2.56mmHgwithDCT.Meandifferenceswere0.01±2.29mmHgbetweenIOPccandGAT(P>0.05)and0.28±2.20mmHgbetweenIOPccandDC(P>0.05).TherewasagreatercorrelationbetweenIOPccandDCT(r=0.946,P=0.000)thanthatbetweenIOPccandGAT(r=0.845,P=0.000).DCThadasignificantcorrelationwithGAT(r=0.854,P=0.000).GATwasmoderatelycorrelatedwithCCT(r=0.296,P<0.001),whileIOPccshowedaweakbutsignificantcorrelationwithCCT(r=0.155,P=0.007).TherewasastrongnegativecorrelationbetweenCCTandthedifferencebetweenIOPccandGAT(r=-0.803,P=0.000),withevery10increaseinCCTresultinginanincreaseinthisdifferenceof0.35mmHg.Thethickcorneagroup(CCT>580μm)showedtheleastsignificantcorrelationbetweenIOPccandGAT(r=0.859,P=0.000);whilethethincorneagroup(CCT<520μm)hadthemostsignificantcorrelationbetweenIOPccandGAT(r=0.926,P=0.000).ThecorrelateddifferencesbetweenIOPccan
简介:AIM:ToIntroduceanewspecializedvisualacuitychartforamblyopicchildrenaged3-5yearsoldanditsclinicalapplications.METHODS:ThenewvisualacuitychartandnotationsweredesignedbasedonWeber-Fechnerlaw.Theoptotypeswereredagainstawhitebackgroundandwerespeciallyshapedfourbasicgeometricsymbols:circle,square,triangle,andcross.Aregulargeometricprogressionoftheoptotypesizesanddistributionwasemployedtoarrangein14lines.Theprogressionrateoftheoptotypesizebetweentwolineswas1.2589andthetestingdistancewas3m.VisualacuityscorecouldberecordedaslogMARnotationordecimalnotation.Agestratifieddiagnosticcriteriaforamblyopiaestablishedbyconsensusstatementondiagnosisofamblyopia(2011)amongmembersoftheStrabismusandPediatricOphthalmologyGroup,OphthalmologySociety,ChineseMedicalAssociation(SPOGOSCMA)wereillustratedinthenewvisualacuitychart.RESULTS:Whenassessingvisualacuityinchildrenaged3-5yearsold,thisnewvisualacuitychartthatconsistsoffoursymmetricalshapes(triangle,square,cross,andcircle)overcameaninabilitytorecognizethelettersofthealphabetanddifficultiesindesignatingthedirectionofblackabstractsymbolssuchasthetumbling’E’orLandolt’C’,whichthesubjectswerepronetoloseinterestin.Thevisualacuityscoremayberecordedindifferentnotations:decimalacuityandlogMAR.Thesetwonotationscanbeeasilyconvertedeachotherintheneweyechart.Themeasurementsofthisnewchartnotonlyshowedasignificantcorrelationandagoodconsistencywiththeinternationalstandardlogarithmicvisualacuitychart(r=0.932,P<0.01),butalsoindicatedahightest-retestreliability(89%ofretestscoreswerewithin0.1logMARunitsoftheinitialtestscore).CONCLUSION:Theresultsofthisstudysupportthevalidityandreliabilityofdistancevisualacuitymeasurementsusingtheneweyechartinchildrenaged3to5yearsoverawiderangeofvisualacuities,andtheneweyechartisgreatforearl