简介：

简介：目的评价预防白内障囊外摘除术术后眼内炎的临床效果，方法回顾性分析我院白内障囊外摘除术1547例（1704只眼）。结果无一例发生术后眼内炎，结论严格筛选病人，术前检查详细，常规抗生素眼水预防性应用，消毒灭菌严格，手术野消毒彻底，仔细操作，密闭伤口，术后预防性应用抗生素，可以有效避免白内障囊外摘除术术后眼内炎的发生．

简介：1手术类型侧颅底恶性肿瘤以鳞状细胞癌居多。颞骨任何部位发生的鳞状细胞癌在手术治疗前,均应先作放疗。颞骨切除的手术有2种方式,一种是整块颞骨连同肿瘤切除,另一种是分块切除,以保存神经血管结构。历史上曾仅靠作乳突根治术来治疗颞骨恶性肿瘤,因疗效差已被扩大的颞骨切除手术替代。颞骨切除术经数十年努力改进,不断扩大切除范围,疗效有所提高,但结果仍不够理想。其原因主要是局部复发。

简介：1适应对象在选择患者作为耳蜗植入器的手术对象时,一般要进行以下逐个项目的询问或检查.1.1邮询筛选许多患者通过来信要求治疗,可借此机会复函,请患者回答以下问题,从中初选有可能的对象,函询内容如：耳聋程度;助听器效果;耳聋起病年龄及可能原因;旁人能听懂本人讲话的程度;患者结合唇形读懂话的能力（包括家属和本人的讲话）;耳流脓或耳手术史;全身健康状况以及经济情况和来院诊治的条件等.

简介：<正>DearSir,IamDr.JingLi,fromtheDepartmentofOphthalmology,BeijingTongrenHospital,Beijing,China.IwanttopresentararecaseoforbitalRosai-Dorfmandiseasepresentingasunilaterallacrimalglandenlargementwithoutlymphadenopathyinvolvement.Rosai-Dorfmandiseaseisalsocalledsinushistiocytosiswithmassivelymphadenopathy(SHML),whichwasfirstdescribedbyRosaiandDorfmanin1969[1].Thisisarare,benign,idiopathichistiocyticproliferativedisorderthatoccurspredominantlyinchildren

简介：儿童眼球的生长、发育及稳定离不开眼球血管的发生和成熟。正常视网膜血管形成起始于血管生成（vasculogenesis）,终止于血管新生（angiogenesis）。促血管生成因子（pro-angiogenicfactors）和抗血管生成因子（anti-angiogenicfactors）共同作用调节血管新生的过程。缺氧和炎症等多种刺激可以导致病理性的血管新生[1]。

简介：由海军总医院全军耳鼻咽喉头颈外科中心主办的激光技术在耳鼻咽喉微创外科中的应用学习班将于2009年9月1-4日在河南省焦作市举行。该学习班为国家级继续医学教育项目（编号：2009-07-01-083），授予Ⅰ类继续医学教育学分8分。联系方式：北京市海淀区阜成路6号海军总医院全军耳鼻咽喉头颈外科中心；

简介：<正>DirSir,IamdoctorGuo-YuanYang,fromtheDepartmentofOphthalmologyofWestChinaHospitalofSichuanUniversityinChengdu,SichuanProvince,China.Iwritetopresentacasereportofposteriorlentiglobuswithcataract.

简介：AIM:Tostudythedistributionofocularhigher-orderaberrations(HOAs)andmesopicpupilsizeinindividualsscreenedforrefractivesurgery.·METHODS:OcularHOAsandmesopicpupilsizewerestudiedin2458eyesof1240patientswithmyopia,myopicastigmatismandcompoundmyopicastigmatismand215eyesof110patientswithhyperopia,hyperopicastigmatismandcompoundhyperopicastigmatismusingtheZywaveaberrometer(Busch&Lomb).Allpatientshadcorrectablerefractiveerrorswithoutahistoryofrefractivesurgeryorunderlyingdiseases.Root-mean-squarevaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberration,totalcomaandmesopicpupilsizewereanalyzed.OcularHOAsweremeasuredacrossa≥6.0mmpupil,andpupilsizemeasurementswereperformedunderthemesopiccondition.·RESULTS:ThemeanvaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberrationandtotalcomainthemyopicgroupwere0.369μm,±0.233,0.133±0.112μmand0.330±0.188μm,respectively.InthehyperopicgroupthemeanvaluesofHOAs,totalsphericalaberrationandtotalcomawere0.418μm±0.214,0.202±0.209μmand0.343±0.201μm,respectively.HyperopesshowedgreatertotalHOAs(P<0.01)andtotalsphericalaberration(P<0.01)comparedtomyopes.Inage-matchedanalysis,onlytheamountoftotalsphericalaberrationwashigherinthehyperopicgroup(P=0.05).Mesopicpupilsizeinthemyopicgroupwaslarger(P≤0.05).·CONCLUSION:TheresultssuggestedthatsignificantlevelsofHOAswerefoundinbothgroupswhichareimportantforplanningrefractivesurgeriesonIranians.Thereweresignificantlyhigherlevelsoftotalsphericalaberrationinhyperopescomparedtomyopes.Mesopicpupilsizewaslargerinmyopicgroup.

简介：目的：观察结膜瓣遮盖联合虹膜嵌顿术治疗全层感染真菌性角膜炎的疗效。方法：分析2005-03/2011-04在邢台眼科医院行结膜瓣遮盖＋虹膜嵌顿术的深部真菌性角膜炎患者26例26眼,全部的病灶的范围均〈（5×5）mm2,角膜刮片检查真菌菌丝全部为阳性;前房积脓（＋）,病灶均较致密,术前不能确定病灶累及深度;在术中,当病灶剖切至接近后弹力层深度时,根据临床特点,对于病灶累及角膜全层,但直径≤1mm的患者,人为在残余病灶的近周边处刺透角膜,造成角膜穿孔,自角膜穿孔或破溃处注吸前房积脓和抛光内皮斑后,将相邻近的虹膜嵌顿在角膜穿孔处,并用缝线固定1～2针,最后行结膜瓣遮盖术,尽量保持水密,术后继续给予抗真菌治疗并密切观察。结果：患者26例中有5例在病灶剖切中自行破溃,3例在病灶剖切中不慎切透,18例角膜基质床在剖切过程中完整;结膜上皮恢复时间为13.44±2.21d;24例感染得到控制,成功率为92%;2例因感染未控制而改为角膜移植术,最终控制感染。结论：结膜瓣遮盖联合虹膜嵌顿术是治疗小范围的全层真菌性角膜炎的有效方法,它可以控制感染,为以后的增视手术创造条件,适合在基层医院开展。

简介：目的：探讨规模化白内障手术中高龄及其伴全身疾病患者安全性。方法：回顾性分析＂爱心光明行＂活动中高龄及其伴全身疾病患者的临床资料。结果：本组高龄伴全身疾病患者213例（90.6%）,其中循环系统疾病、代谢性疾病、呼吸系统疾病分别占65.1%,13.6%和11.1%。术前因首次全身疾病评估暂缓手术25例（10.6%）,经有效治疗后手术。手术脱残率95.4%,脱盲率84.2%,12例视力〈0.1患者眼底检查均有不同程度的眼底病变。结论：加强术前综合因素评估,充分治疗全身疾病,严格掌握手术适应证,术中监护,操作轻巧,手术时间10～15min,是保证规模化白内障手术中高龄或伴全身疾病患者安全性的有效措施。

简介：AIM:ToidentifythefunctionofST2andexploretheroleofIL-33/ST2signalinginregulatingthepro-allergiccytokineproductioninhumancornealepithelialcells(HCECs).METHODS:HumancornealtissuesandculturedprimaryHCECsweretreatedwithIL-33indifferentconcentrationswithoutorwithdifferentinhibitorstoevaluatetheexpression,locationandsignalingpathwaysofST2inregulatingproductionofpro-allergiccytokineandchemokine.TheexpressionofmRNAwasdeterminedbyreversetranscriptionandrealtimePCR,andproteinproductionwasmeasuredbyenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA),immunohistochemicalandimmunofluorescentstaining.ST2proteinwasdetectedindonorcornealepithelium,andST2signalwasenhancedbyexposuretoIL-33.·RESULTS:IL-33significantlystimulatedproductionofpro-allergiccytokinesthymicstromallymphopoietin(TSLP)andchemokine(CCL2,CCL20,CCL22)inHCECsatbothmRNAandproteinlevels.Thesestimulatedproductionsofpro-allergicmediatorsbyIL-33wereblockedbyST2antibodyorsolubleST2protein(P<0.05).Interestingly,theIκB-αinhibitorBAY11-7082orNF-κBactivationinhibitorquinazolineblockedNF-κBp65proteinnucleartranslocation,andalsosuppressedtheproductionsofthesepro-allergiccytokinesandchemokineinducedbyIL-33.CONCLUSION:ThesefindingsdemonstratethatIL-33/ST2signalingplaysanimportantroleinregulatingIL-33inducedpro-allergicresponses.IL-33andST2couldbecomenovelmoleculartargetsfortheinterventionofallergicdiseasesinocularsurface.

简介：目的：研究视网膜血管疾病在印度喜马偕尔邦丘陵地带（海拔500～4500m）的患病模式/分布。方法：对西姆拉三级医院眼科自2008-08/2013-04期间的视网膜疾病患者进行回顾/前瞻性研究。选取5600位中的4323名患者作为研究对象。该数据均来自于医院记录,随后根据患者的年龄,性别分布情况和诊断结果进行分析。所有患者都进行了视力,屈光,裂隙灯和眼底检查。以眼底临床记录和眼底照相记录来确定诊断。应用眼底照像机（KowaFundusCameraVX-10）进行照相,必要时进行眼底荧光素血管造影。结果：在4323例患者中,男性视网膜疾病患者有2563例（59.29%）,多于女性1760例（40.71%）。在525例（12.14%）糖尿病视网膜病变患者中,轻度非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变133例（3.08%）,中度156例（3.60%）,重度120例（2.78%）,增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变116例（2.68%）。在393例（9.10%）高血压性视网膜病变患者中,I级高血压性视网膜病变患者130例（3.01%）,II级111例（2.57%）,III级131例（3.03%）,IV级21例（0.49%）。在660例（15.27%）其他视网膜血管疾病中,视网膜分支静脉阻塞229例（5.30%）,视网膜中央静脉阻塞55例（1.27%）,半视网膜中央静脉阻塞8例（0.19%）,视网膜中央动脉阻塞20例（0.46%）,视网膜分支动脉阻塞4例（0.09%）,眼部缺血综合征1例（0.02%）,早产儿视网膜病变9例（0.21%）,视网膜大动脉瘤5例（0.12%）,近中心凹毛细血管扩张6例（0.14%）,贫血性视网膜病变16例（0.37%）,白血病视网膜病变10例（0.23%）,视网膜前出血52例（1.20%）,Coats病8例（0.19%）,睫状视网膜动脉阻塞1例（0.02%）例,Eales病10例（0.23%）,血管炎17例（0.39%）以及有临床意义的黄斑水肿209例（4.83%）。结论：糖尿病视网膜病变是最常见的视网膜血管疾病。视网膜疾病已经成为印度一个主要公共卫生问题。此研究将有利于对喜�

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheeffectofbrinzolamide-timololfixedcombinationonintraocularpressure(IOP)aftercataractsurgery.METHODS:Thestudyincluded92eyesof87patientswhounderwentcataractsurgeryandintraocularlensimplantation.Patientsscheduledforphacoemulsificationwereassignedto1of2groups.Thetreatmentgroupreceived1dropofbrinzolamide-timololfixedcombinationimmediatelyaftersurgery,andthecontrolgroupreceivednotreatment.TheIOPwasmeasuredpreoperativelyandat2hand24hpostoperatively.RESULTS:ThemeanIOPchangewaslowerinthetreatmentgroupthaninthecontrolgroupat2hpostoperatively.ThedifferencebetweenthemeanIOPvaluesofthetwogroupsat2hpostoperativelywasfoundtobestatisticallysignificant.Twenty-fourhoursafterthesurgery,themeanIOPchangewasstillhigherinthecontrolgroupwhencomparedtothetreatmentgroup.CONCLUSION:ThefixedcombinationbrinzolamidetimololcaneffectivelyreduceIOPaftercataractsurgery.

简介：随着建立在医学科学研究基础上认识的不断深入,血管内皮生长因子（vascularendothelialgrowthfactor,VEGF）被确认是脉络膜新生血管（choroidalneovascularization,CNV）发展过程中介导血管生成和血管通透性的主要原因[1-2]。目前所知的VEGF家族包括5个成员：VEGF-A、VEGF-B、VEGF-C、VEGF-D和胎盘生长因子，其中以VEGF-A最为活跃，并与血管生成、新生血管化和血管通透性增强密切相关。

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheexpressionofdendriticcell-associatedC-typelectin-1(dectin-1)attheearlyperiodofAspergillusfumigatusinfectioninrat’scornealepithelium.·METHODS:Atotalof72Wistarratswererandomlydividedintothreegroups:A,BandC.Therighteyeswerechosenasexperimentaleyes.GroupAwascontrolgroup.RatsingroupBwerenotinoculatedwithAspergillusfumigatus.GroupCwastakenasAspergillusfumigatuskeratitismodel.RatsingroupBandC(sixfromeachgroup)wereexecutedrandomlyat4,8,16and24hoursafterexperimentalmodelbeingestablishedtoassesstheexpressionofdectin-1mRNAthroughreal-timePCR.AnothersixratsingroupBandCwereexecutedrandomlyat24hourstoassesstheexpressionofdectin-1proteinthroughimmunohistochemistry.·RESULTS:Theresultsofreal-timePCRindicatedthatdectin-1mRNAexpressionwaslowincornealepitheliumofnormalrats’.Therewasnosignificantlydifferenceofdectin-1mRNAexpressioningroupAandB(P>0.05).TheexpressionofAspergillusfumigatusinfectedcornealepitheliumincreasedgraduallyafter8hoursingroupC.ThesynchronousexpressionofgroupAandChadsignificantdifference(P<0.01).Immunohistochemistydiscoveredthatdectin-1receptorexistedinnormalrat’scornealepithelium.Dectin-1proteinincreasedafter24hoursingroupC.TherewasasignificantdifferenceofsynchronousexpressioningroupBandC(P<0.01).·CONCLUSION:Dectin-1existsinrat’scornealepitheliumanditsexpressionsignificantlyincreasesattheearlyperiodofAspergillusfumigatusinfection.Dectin-1isapatternrecognitionreceptorthatexpressesincornealepitheliumandinvolvesinimmuneresponsetoAspergillusfungalkeratitis.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatetheantifibroticeffectofthefreeze-driedbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembraneasadrugdeliverysystemonglaucomasurgeryinrabbitmodel.Theaimofthisstudywastoprepareanovellocaldeliverysystemforthesustainedandcontrollablereleaseof5-Fu.METHODS:Twenty-fourJapanesewhiterabbitswererandomizedintothreegroups:theexperimentalgroup(oculartrabeculectomyincombinationwith5-Fuloadedfreeze-driedbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembranetransplantation),thecontrolgroup(oculartrabeculectomyincombinationwith5-Fu)andtheblankgroup(singletrabeculectomy).HEstaining,massionstainingandimmunohistochemistryforα-SMAwereperformedondays7,14,21and30followingsurgery.Theconcentrationof5-Fuinrabbitaqueoushumorwasexaminedbyhighperformanceliquidchromatography(HPLC)3daysafterthesurgery.RESULTS:Statisticaldifferenceswerenotedinintraocularpressureamonggroupsonday7,14,21and30followingsurgery.Histologyfurtherdemonstratedthattrabeculectomyincombinationwithfreeze-driedbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembraneyieldedwellwoundhealingandnoscarformationandwasbeneficialforlongtermeffect.CONCLUSION:HPLCshowedagoodslow-releaseeffectwithfreeze-driedbilayeredfibrin-bindingamnioticmembrane.

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethespecialtyoftranscranialsurgerythroughpterionalapproachforremovalofcranio-orbitaltumors,introducetheophthalmologicalexperiencesofenteringtheorbittoreducetheincidencerateofassociatedcomplicationsofthisoperation.·METHODS:Weperformedaretrospectiveanalysisofaseriesof37casesinvolvingpatientswhounderwenttranscranialsurgerythroughpterionalapproachfortreatmentofcranio-orbitaltumorsinourdepartmentinthepast8years.Pterionapproachcraniotomywasperformedtoallpatients.Afterremovingtumorsintheskullbytheneurosurgeon,ophthalmologistremovedtumorsinorbit.Wetookmeasuresbelowtodecreasecomplications,includinggroundingopticcanalthroughanabrasivedrillingwhennecessary,hangingvariousextraocularmusclestobeexposedforprotection,refrigeratingbyrefrigerationheadstoremovetumors,atlastsewinguporbitseptumaftersurgery.·RESULTS:Tumorswereremovedcompletelyin32cases,andincompletein5casesduetoextensiveinvasionintothecavernoussinusorsphenoidsinus.Ofallthecases,benigntumorsweredemonstratedin28cases(75.6%,28/37)andmalignantin9(24.3%,9/37).Themostcommonlesiontypewasmeningiomain11cases(29.7%,11/37).Extraocularmuscles(EOM)impairment,occurringin21cases(56.7%,21/37),wasthemostfrequentpostoperativecomplication.Themostseriousconsequencewasvisionlossoccurredin4cases(10.8%,4/37).Othercomplications,suchas11casesoftransientblepharoptosis29.7%(11/37),5casesofmydriasisin13.5%(5/7);2casesofcerebrospinalrhinorrheain5.4%(2/37).·CONCLUSION:Cranio-orbitaltumorscanberemovedcompletelyusingtranscranialapproach,andthepterionalapproachoffersexcellentexposure.Cooperationofinterdisciplinaryteamofneurosurgeonsandophthalmologistsconducestofulluseofrespectiveprofessionaladvantages.Theexperienceofophthalmicoperationtechnologycandecreaseoccurrenceofocularcomplicationsaftersurger