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简介：ＲｅｎｅｗａｌｏｆＣｏｎｔｒｏｌｌｅｒｆｏｒＳＳＣＲａｄｉａｌＰｒｏｂｅｓ￥ＳｏｎｇＨａｉｈｏｎｇａｎｄＣｈｕＺｈｅｎｓｈｅｎｇＳＳＣｍｏｖａｂｌｅｒａｄｉａｌｐｒｏｂｅｓｐｌａｙａｎｉｍｐｏｒｔａｎｔｒｏｌｅｉｎｔｈｅｂｅａｍｔｕｎｉｎｇｏｆｃｙｃ...

简介：Thispaperconsidersaclassofdelayedrenewalriskprocesseswithathresholddividendstrategy.ThemainresultisanexpressionoftheGerber-ShiuexpecteddiscountedpenaltyfunctioninthedelayedrenewalriskmodelintermsofthecorrespondingGerber-Shiufunctionintheordinaryrenewalmodel.Subsequently,thisrelationshipisconsideredinmoredetailinboththestationaryrenewalriskmodelandtheruinprobability.

简介：EmbrechtsandVeraverbekeinvestigatedtherenewalriskmodelandgaveatailequivalencerelationshipoftheruinprobabilities(?)(x)undertheassumptionthattheclaimsizeisheavy-tailed,whichisregardedasaclassicalresultinthecontextofextremalvaluetheory.Inthisnoteweextendthisresulttothedelayedrenewalriskmodel.

简介：转变生长因素(TGF)-尾s和他们的家庭成员，包括骨头形态基因的蛋白质(BMP)，节并且activins，在各种各样的器官，干细胞在起重要作用的发展和维护被含有。干细胞被他们自我更新的能力描绘并且区分了特别纸巾的房间产生，并且被分类进胚胎、体的干细胞。胚胎的茎(ES)房间自我更新无止境地并且贡献所有三主要细菌层的衍生物。相反，体的干细胞，能在各种各样的成年机关被识别，在大多数情况中为自强和区别展出有限能力。ES房间和体的干细胞的多系区别能力为基因、恶意、退化的疾病为房间代替治疗打开了可能性。以便为治疗学的应用利用干细胞，理解调整干细胞的自强和区别的外来、内在的因素是必要的。更最近，导致了pluripotent茎(iPS)细胞从经由四个抄写因素的宫外的表示类似于ES细胞的老鼠和人的成纤维细胞被产生了。iPS房间可以在再生药有一个优点，自从他们克服immunogenicity和ES房间的道德的争吵。而且，最近的研究在癌症，包括的白血病，glioma，和乳癌的各种各样的类型的形成和前进期间加亮癌症干细胞的参与。这里，我们在ES房间，体的干细胞，和癌症干细胞的维护和区别说明TGF-尾家庭成员的角色。

简介：Theexistingfundamentallawsofthermodynamicsformicropolarcontinuumfieldtheoriesarerestudiedandtheirincompletenessispointedout.Newfirstandsecondfundamentallawsforthermostaticsandthermodynamicsformicropolarcontinuaarepostulated.Fromthemallequilibriumequationsandtheentropyinequalityofthermostaticsaswellasallbalanceequationsandtheentropyrateinequalitiesarenaturallyandsimultaneouslydeduced.Thecomparisonsbetweenthenewresultspresentedhereandthecorrespondingresultsdemonstratedinexistingmonographsandtextbooksconcerningmicropolarcontinuummechanicsaremadeatanytime.Itshouldbeemphasizedtonotethat,theproblemofwhythelocalbalanceequationofenergyandthelocalentropyinequalitycouldnotbeobtainedfromtheexistingfundamentallawsofthermodynamicsformicropolarcontinua,isbelievedtobeclarified.

简介：ＳｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｚｅｄＰｏｉｓｓｏｎａｎｄｒｅｎｅｗａｌｍｏｄｅｌａｎｄｉｔｓａｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｉｎｓｅｉｓｍｉｃｈａｚａｒｄａｎａｌｙｓｉｓＨａｎ－ＹａｏＣＨＥＮ（陈汉尧）ａｎｄＹｕ－ＸｉａｎＨＵ（胡聿贤）（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＧｅｏｐｈｙｓ...

简介：Thepurposeistoestablishtherathercompleteequationsofmotion,boundaryconditionsandequationofenergyrateofincrementalratetypeformicropolarcontinua.Tothisendtherathercompletedefinitionsforratesofdeformationgradientanditsinversearemade.Thenewrelationsbetweenvariousstressandcouplestressratetensorsarederived.Finally,thecoupledequationsofmotion,boundaryconditionsandequationofenergyrateofincrementalratetypeforcontinuummechanicsareobtainedasaspecialcase.

简介：backgroundBonemarrowmesenchymalstemcells(BMSCs)canbeisolatedandculturedtomanypassages.However,StemcellsincludingBMSCsquicklyundergosenescenceinculture.Thecellsenescenceandmulti-directionaldifferentiationhavehamperedproducingBMSCsinquantitywiththeirundifferentiatedstate.Inthisstudywereportanaturalcompound,vitaminC(Vc),maintainsBMSCsstemproperty.MethodsHumanBMSCswereisolatedfrombonemarrowandpurifiedby1.073g/mLdensitygradientcentrifugation.50ng/mLVcwereaddedtoBMSCsfordifferenttimepoint.FlowcytometrywasusedtodetectcellsurfacemarkersofBMSCswithorwithoutVctreatment.BMSCsproliferationwasanalyzedbyMTTassay.PCR(polymerasechainreaction)andreal-timePCRwereusedfordetectingc-kit,nanog,andOct-4genesexpressionlevels.DNAmethyltransferase(Dnmt)1andDnmt3blevelswerealsodetectedbyreal-timePCR.ResultsFlowcytometryshowedthatafterVctreatmentfor6h,thesurfacemarkersofBMSCswerealmostunchanged.VcincreasedtheproliferationactivityofBMSCsfrom6hto24h.PCRshowedtheexpressionofc-kit,nanog,andoct-4geneswereobviouslyincreasedinVctreatedgroupthancontrolgroupat12h.Real-timePCRshowedthatthelevelofc-kit,nanog,andoct-4geneswereunregulatedfrom6hto12hcomparedwithcontrolgroup.VcalsoincreasedDnmt3bbutnotDnmt1geneexpression.ConclusionsOurresultsshowedVcactsatleastacceleratesBMSCsproliferationandmaintainsstemcellproperty.Inourstudy,wehighlightedamethodofimprovingthespeedofBMSCsgenerationandprovidedadditionalinsightsintothemechanisticbasisofpreventingBMSCssenescence.

简介：Thepurposeistoreestablishthecoupledconservationlaws,thelocalconservationequationsandthejumpconditionsofmassandinertiaforpolarcontinuumtheories.Inthisconnectionthenewmaterialderivativesofthedeformationgradient,thelineelement,thesurfaceelementandthevolumeelementwerederivedandthegeneralizedReynoldstransporttheoremwaspresented.Combiningtheseconservationlawsofmassandinertiawiththebalancelawsofmomentum,angularmomentumandenergyderivedinourpreviouspapersofthisseries,arathercompletesystemofcoupledbasiclawsandprinciplesforpolarcontinuumtheoriesisconstitutedonthewhole.Fromthissystemthecouplednonlocalbalanceequationsofmass,inertia,momentum,angularmomentumandenergymaybeobtainedbytheusuallocalization.

简介：ThroughacomparisonbetweentheexpressionsofmasterbalancelawsandtheconservationlawsderivedbyNoether'stheorem,aunifiedmasterbalancelawandsixphysicallypossiblebalanceequationsformicropolarcontinuummechanicsarenaturallydeduced.Amongthem,byextendingthewell-knownconventionalconceptofenergymomentumtensor,therathergeneralconservationlawsandbalanceequationsnamedafterenergy-momentum,energy-angularmomentumandenergy-energyareobtained.Itisclearthattheformsofthephysicalfieldquantitiesinthemasterbalancelawforthelastthreecasescouldnotbeassumeddirectlybyperceivingthroughtheintuition.Finally,someexistingresultsarereducedimmediatelyasspecialcases.

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简介：我们以前证明Wnt3a能刺激人的胚胎的茎(hES)细胞增殖并且影响房间命运决心。当feedercell-derivedfactors不在时，在一个喂入器饲料分送器免费的条件下面有教养的hES房间糟糕幸存并且增殖。当feeder房间不在时的AddingrecombinantWnt3a导出因素的刺激hES细胞增殖而且区别。在现在的学习，我们进一步扩大了我们的分析到象Wnt1和Wnt5a那样的另外的Wntligands。当Wnt1作为Wnt3a在hES房间上显示了类似的效果时，在这个系统的Wnt5ahad小效果。当喂入器饲料分送器导出自强因素和bFGF也是现在时，Wnt3a和Wnt1提高了无差别的hES房间的增长。探索可能性由激活Wnt发信号支持无差别的hES细胞的增长，在使不朽的人的成年成纤维细胞(HAFi)的weoverexpressedWnt3a或Wnt1基因在比主要老鼠支持无差别的hES细胞的长期的生长是优异的细胞胚胎的成纤维细胞。HAFi房间与或没有Wnttransgene能被宣传Wnt3a基因的indefinitely.Over表示显著地提高了HAFi喂入器饲料分送器房间的能力支持我们测试了的3根不同hES房间线的无差别的生长。在Wnt3a-overpressingHAFi房间的threecommonly-used药选择基因的合作表示进一步使我们能在稳定的transfection或转导以后选择稀罕hES克隆。这些使不朽的设计喂入器饲料分送器房间(W3R)那列合作快车象Wnt3a那样的支持生长的基因和三药选择基因应该授权我们高效地为基本、翻译的研究使修改hES房间线基因。

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简介：有干细胞特征的前列腺癌症房间被他们在非支持者文化从单个房间形成自我更新的prostaspheres的能力在人的前列腺癌症房间线识别。Prostaspheres展出了增长，区别和茎的异构的表示联系房间的制造者CD44，ABCG2和CD133。有WNT禁止者的治疗减少了prostasphere尺寸和自强。相反，引起的Wnt3a的增加增加了prostasphere尺寸和自强，它与原子尾-catenin的重要增加被联系，角质素18，CD133和CD44表示。作为LNCaP和C4-2B癌症房间快车雄激素受体的一个高比例，我们决定了雄激素受体对手bicalutamide的效果。雄激素受体抑制减少了prostasphere尺寸和PSA的表示，但是没禁止prostasphere形成。这些效果与有干细胞特征和放大房间的运输的雄激素依赖者增长的房间的雄激素无关的自强一致。作为发信号的受动器尾-catenin能也与雄激素受体联系的正规WNT，我们为包含在WNT和雄激素受体活动之间的平衡的瘤繁殖建议一个模型。那将与干细胞特征和开车运输放大房间增长和区别影响一个癌症房间的自强。在结论，我们提供那项WNT活动独立于雄激素受体活动与干细胞特征调整前列腺癌症房间的自强的证据。WNT发信号的抑制因此有潜力与干细胞特征减少前列腺癌症房间的自强并且改进治疗学的结果。

简介：Consideramultidimensionalrenewalriskmodel,inwhichtheclaimsizes{Xk,k≥1}formasequenceofindependentandidenticallydistributedrandomvectorswithnonnegativecomponentsthatareallowedtobedependentoneachother.Theunivariatemarginaldistributionsofthesevectorshaveconsistentlyvaryingtailsandfinitemeans.Supposethattheclaimsizesandinter-arrivaltimescorrespondinglyformasequenceofindependentandidenticallydistributedrandompairs,witheachpairobeyingadependencestructure.Apreciselargedeviationforthemultidimensionalrenewalriskmodelisobtained.

简介：在干细胞生物学要处理的一个关键问题是控制胚胎的茎(ES)的分子的发信号机制细胞pluripotency。干细胞性质被象脱氧核糖核酸甲基化并且染色质改变那样的特定的抄写因素和epigenetic过程支配。几个cytokines/growth因素作为批评ES房间管理者被识别了。然而，在我们在ES房间连接细胞外的信号到transcriptional规定的细胞内部的发信号小径的知识有差距。这短评论讨论Shp2的生理的角色，细胞质的酷氨酸磷酸酶，在管理EScell自强对区别的分子的开关中。Shp2支持ES细胞分化，英皇家空军之阶级最低之兵的主要throughbi方向性的调整和Stat3小径。在老鼠ES房间的Shp2的删除导致更有效的自强。这观察提供动力在文化为ES房间的维护和扩大开发Shp2禁止者。

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简介：AbstractObjective:Liver cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the culprits of hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis and recurrence. Only by eliminating tumor stem cells can malignant tumors be fundamentally cured. This study aimed to identify the role and underlying mechanism of aberrant Collagen Type XIV Alpha 1 Chain (COL14A1) overexpression in liver CSCs, and improve understanding of the molecular basis of hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis and recurrence.Methods:First, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to confirm aberrant high-expression of COL14A1 in liver CSCs. Next, interference experiments were performed to determine the key role of COL14A1. To explore the mechanism of COL14A1 overexpression in liver CSCs, putative microRNA (miRNAs) targeting COL14A1 were analyzed using the miRTarBase database. Next, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, and luciferase reporter assays were performed to verify the interaction between miR-7108-3p and COL14A1. Lastly, key target proteins of the COL14A1-extracellular-regulated signal kinase (ERK) signaling pathway were identified through western blotting analysis. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, China (approval No. 2019tjdx17) on February 21, 2019.Results:COL14A1 is abnormally highly expressed in liver CSCs, which is necessary for liver CSCs to maintain their self-renewal capability. Mechanistically, COL14A1 is post-transcriptionally regulated by miR-7108-3p in a negative manner. Low expression of miR-7108-3p increased translation of COL14A1, which subsequently activated ERK signaling, ultimately maintaining the self-renewal and stem cell-like properties of liver CSCs.Conclusion:COL14A1, which is negatively regulated by miR-7108-3p, was found to play a crucial role in maintaining the self-renewal and stem cell-like properties of liver CSCs through activation of ERK signaling.

简介：瞄准：调查在肝的卵形的房间在试管内的增长和区别上表明小径的正规Wnt的激活的效果。方法：WB-F344房间与recombinantWnt3a被对待(20，40，80，160，200ng/mL)在24h的没有浆液的媒介。房间增长被Brdu加入分析测量；未经治疗的WB-F344房间作为控制被拿。有为24h的Wnt3a(160ng/mL)的术后疗法，在对待的WB-F344房间代替细胞的本地化和beta-catenin的蛋白质表示并且与Wnt3a未经治疗被免疫荧光染色和西方的污点分析检验。CyclinD1mRNA表示被半量的反向抄本的聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)决定。一些表型的标记的mRNA层次(法新社，CK-19，白长袍的)并且二个肝的原子因素(HNF-4，HNF-6)被RT-PCR测量。CK-19和法新社蛋白质的表情被西方的污点分析检测。结果：Wnt3a支持了WB-F344房间的增长。有recombinantWnt3a的WB-F344房间的刺激导致了transcriptional使活跃之物beta-catenin的累积，和它进原子核，和起来调整的典型Wnt目标基因CyclinD1的易位。在当浆液不在时的Wnt3a处理的3d以后，WB-F344房间保留了他们的双性人潜力表示hepatocytes和cholangiocytes的几个特定的表型的标记，例如法新社和CK-19，跟随表明小径的正规Wnt的激活。结论：表明小径的正规Wnt支持老鼠的增长和自强肝的卵形的房间。