简介：Debrisflowsinnaturegenerallyfallintothreegroupsdistinctintheirgraincomposition:water-stoneflow,orsub-viscousdebrisflow,dominatedbycoarsegrains;muddyflow,dominatedbyfinegrains;andviscousdebrisflowcomposedofgrainsinlargerange.Liquid-phasevelocityandsedimentarydeliveryresistanceofsub-viscousdebrisflowhavebeendiscussedbasedonthecompositioncharactersofsub-andhigh-viscousdebrisflows.Itisrevealedthatthepresenceoffinegrainsplaysavitalroleinaffectingresistanceandaveragevelocity,particularlywhenthevolumefractionofgrainsintheflowisrelativelyhigh,i.e.Sv＞0.45.Grain-sizedistributionofviscousdebrisflowischaracterizedbyabimodalcurve,whichexplainsthepropertieslikehighdensityandlowresistancegradientofdebrisflows.Acalculationformulaisfinallyputforward,whichhastosomeextentovercomelocalitylimitsandachievedagoodagreementwiththefieldobservationsofdebrisflowsinSouthwestChina.

简介：

简介：

简介：AnonlinearBurgers’modelisusedtodescribeverticalinfiltrationofwaterintoanon--swellingsoilwithprescribedconcentrationconditionsattheboundary.Theexactsolutionisconstructedintermsofaseriesinvolvingcomplementaryerrorintegrals.

简介：

简介：

简介：Insteady,solid-liquidtwo-phaseturbulentflows,thereexisttwotypicalpatternsoftheverticaldistributionofparticleconcentration.ThepatternIshowsamaximumconcentrationatanelevationabovethebed.ThepatternIIshowsanincreaseoftheparticleconcentrationdownwardoverthewholevertical,withthemaximumatthebed.MostofthetheoriesonparticleconcentrationdistributionhavebeendonewiththepatternII,anditislackofasuccessfultheorycovetingbothofthetwopatterns.Thispaperreviewstheparticledistributiontheories,includingthediffusiontheory,themixturetheory,theenergytheory,thesimilaritytheory,thestochastictheoryandthekinetictheory.Thekinetictheoryisalsoappliedtodescribetheverticaldistributionofparticleconcentrationinbothdiluteanddenseflows.

简介：Thepaperpresentsexperimentalstudyofdebrisflows.Theequilibriumconcentrationofsolidparticleintheflowisafunctionoftheenergyslope,densityofsolidparticleandkineticfrictionangleofparticles.Thekineticfrictionangleisafunctionofinternalfrictionangle,theconcentrationofsolidparticlesandthemaximumpossibleconcentration.Todeterminethefunctionbetweenthekineticfrictionangleandinternalfrictionangleistheaimofthisresearch.Flumeexperimentsofequilibriumconcentrationaboutparticlesinwaterandslurrywereconducted.Thelargedensityslurrymadethecoarseparticlesbeabletomoveinsmallslope.Thefunctionbetweenthekineticfrictionangleandinternalfrictionanglewasfoundfromtheseexperiments.Thecoarseparticlesandfineparticlesarewellmixed.D50demarcationlinewassuggestedinthispapertodemarcatethecoarseparticleandfineparticleofdebrisflows.TheequilibriumconcentrationofdebrisflowswascalculatedbyusingDs0demarcationforthedebrisflowsinfield.Theequilibriumconcentrationofdebrisflowscalculatedbythefunctionbetweenthekineticfrictionangleandinternalfrictionanglewasclosetotheequilibriumconcentrationdataofdebrisflowsinfield.

简介：

简介：

简介：Theeffectsofheatlossonthestructureoflaminarflamelets,whicharetheconstitutiveelementsofturbulentflamesunderthemostcommonoperatingconditions,areinvestigatedfortypicalaeronauticalgas-turbineoperatingconditionsattake-off.Themagnitudeofheatlossisquantifiedviathe"enthalpydefect"measuredwithrespecttoanadiabaticflame.Aproceduretogeneratelaminarflameletswithanassignedenthalpydefectattheboundariesisdevisedandappliedtononpremixedpropane/airflames,aspropanereproducestheessentialfeaturesofhigherhydrocarboncombustion.Itisfound,contrarytocommonlyheldbeliefs,thattheenthalpydefecthasasignificanteffectontheconcentrationnotonlyofminorspecies,butalsoofmainreactionproducts.Sucheffectsarefoundingeneraltobemorepronouncedforfuel-richconditions.Animpactisanticipatedontheformationrateofnitricoxides.Theeffectsofscalardissipationratearealsodiscussed.

简介：在2006年5月，高紧张野火在Daxing'an山发生在Songling森林区域，中国。八个离子的集中变化(K[+]，Na[+]，Ca[2+]，Mg[2+]，Cl，Br，NO3；SO4[2])被测量在烧；在到2006年10月的从5月的火以后的未燃的溪流。大多数离子流动是更高的在的结果表演在采样时期期间在未燃的溪流比那烧了溪流，；从烧的溪流搬运的大多数离子的最大的集中发生在7月。在火以后，大多数振幅化学药品离子是Ca[2+]，谁的平均集中，是5.50mg·L[1]比那高在里面未燃的溪流，；每个化学离子的全部的集中介绍趋势Ca[2+]>SO4[2]>Na[+]>Mg[2+]>NO3。Ca的平均集中[2+]，SO4[2]，Na[+]，Mg[2+]，NO3显示出K的一个增加趋势，而是那些[+]，Cl，Br有一个减少的趋势。SO4[2]在这些阴离子之中有最大的损失，由NO3列在后面。总的来说，阳离子的增加度比在烧以后的阴离子的大。

简介：Thepresentpaperisfocussedontheeffectsofviscousandturbulentshearstressesonbothverticalvelocityandconcentrationdistributionsinlargesuspensionofsands.Whentheflowcarrieslargeamountofsedimentsinsuspension,thepropertiesoffluidmixturearechangedintermsofmodifiedviscosity,densityandfallvelocity,andhencetheflowcharacteristics.Theoreticalmodelshavebeendevelopedforbothvelocityandconcentrationprofiles,takingintoaccounttheviscousandturbulentshearstresses,whicharethefunctionofvolumetricconcentration.Comparisonoftheoreticalmodelswithexperimentaldatarevealsthat(i)themodifiedvelocityandconcentrationprofilesagreewellwiththeobserveddataforhighsuspension,(ii)thehigherthesedimentsuspension,thesmallerthevonKarmanconstant,and(iii)sedimentdiffusioncoefficientislessthanmomentumdiffusioncoefficientforfinesandsinsuspension.

简介：

简介：

简介：Logicqubitplaysanimportantroleincurrentquantumcommunication.Inthispaper,weproposeanefficiententanglementconcentrationprotocol(ECP)foranewkindoflogicBellstate,wherethelogicqubitistheconcatenatedGreenber-Horne-Zeilinger(C-GHZ)state.OurECPreliesonthenondemolitionpolarizationparitycheck(PPC)gatesconstructedwithcross-Kerrnonlinearity,andcandistillonepairofmaximallyentangledlogicBellstatefromtwosamepairsofless-entangledlogicBellstates.BenefitfromthenondemolitionPPCgates,theconcentratedmaximallyentangledlogicBellstatecanberemainedforfurtherapplication.Moreover,ourECPcanbercpeatedtofurtherconcentratetheless-entangledlogicBellstate.ByrepeatingtheECP.thetotalsuccessprobabilitycanbeeffectivelyincreased.Basedonabovefeatures,thisECPmaybeusefulinfuturelong-distancequantumcommunication.

简介：

简介：ObjectivesPlasmauricacid(UA)concentrationwassuspectedtoelevateinelderlywithischemiccardiomyopathy(ICM).MethodsWeanalyzedthedataof235elderlyaged60yearsandolderwithcoronaryheartdisease:silentmyocardialischemiaoranginapectorisconfirmedbyangiography.Amongthesepatients,154hadICMdefinedasleftventricularend-diastolicdiameter(LVDd)male>55mm,female>50mm(mean:63.51±7.70mm)measuredbyechocardiography.DifferenceinUAwasanalyzedbetweenpatientswithandwithoutICM.ResultsTherewassignificantincreaseofUAinICMcomparedwithnon-ICM(432.82±143.05umol/Lvs361.06±137.35umol/L,P<0.05);andUAwaspositivelyrelatedtoLVDd(r=0.25,P<0.05).ConclusionsTherewassignificantincreaseofUAinelderlywithICMduetolongtermsilentmyocardialischemiaandanginapectoris.Moreover,UAwaspositivelyrelatedtoLVDd.

简介：ObjectiveTorecordtheendocochlearpotential(EP)andcalculatepotassiumconcentration[K+]inMinipigcochleae.MethodsWeusedmulti-barreledelectrodestomeasuretheEPandthepotential,[K+].EPandpotassiumelectroderecordingweremadein9cochleaefrom5minipigstogetnormalEPvalues.ResultsTheaverageEPvalueinthecochleafromtheminipigswas77.3±14mV.Theaverage[K+]fortheminipigswas147.1±13mM.ConclusionsTheEPandpotential,[K+]inminipigsarelowerthaninthehumanandrodents.ThismaybethereasonwhyporcineABRthresholdsareslightlyhigherthanhumansandrodents.

简介：