简介：公共天气服务是向向用户提供概率的天气预报的trending，代替传统的确定的预报。概率的预报技术不断地正在被改进优化可得到的预报信息。预报(BPF)的贝叶斯的处理器，为概率的预报的一个新统计方法，能根据在那个预报系统产生的观察和预报之间的历史的统计关系把一张确定的预报转变成一张概率的预报。这种技术在确定说明一个确定的预报系统的典型预报性能预报无常。meta-Gaussian可能性的模型对有单调可能性的比率的许多随机的依赖结构合适。收养这种可能性的模特儿的meta-GaussianBPF能因此越过许多地被使用，包括气象学和水文学。有二个连续随机的变量和正常线性的BPF的Bayes定理简短被介绍。为用一个单个预言者的连续predictand的meta-GaussianBPF然后被介绍并且讨论。meta-GaussianBPF的表演在一个初步的实验被测试。在在长沙和武汉车站的0000UTC的每日的表面温度的控制预报被用作确定的预报数据。这些控制预报从整体预言被拿，一96-h铅时间由中国气象学的管理的国家气象学的中心产生了，中等范围的天气的欧洲中心预报，并且US公民为在2008年1月期间的环境预言集中。实验的结果证明meta-GaussianBPF能从三整体预言中的任何一个把表面温度的一张确定的控制预报转变成表面温度的一张有用概率的预报。这些概率的预报确定控制预报的无常；因此，概率的预报的表演基于内在的确定的控制预报的来源不同。

简介：TheaimofthispaperistoestablishanextensionofqualitativeandquantitativeuncertaintyprinciplesfortheFouriertransformconnectedwiththesphericalmeanoperator.

简介：前列腺癌症(PCa)是在在西方的发达国家的人之中的最普通的癌症之一，它的发生在世界的许多另外的部分更加增加了，包括中国。PCa的病原学大部分是未知的，但是被认为是multifactorial，在继承遗传起一个重要作用的地方。在这篇文章，我们简短首先从家庭聚集和基因危险性的研究考察结果到PCa。我们然后，从连接的稀罕、高外显率的PCa危险性基因的翻新的胎面钥匙调查结果在PCa家庭学习。我们把这篇文章的重要部分奉献给在PCa情况和控制中从基因协会研究总结普通、低外显率的PCa联系风险的单个核苷酸的多型性(SNP)的发现，特别那些从染色体宽的协会研究(GWAS)。这篇文章的一个强壮的焦点是在这些含有的基因标记的潜在的临床的用途上考察文学。大多数这些出版研究用在为前列腺活体检视决定需要从多重联系风险的SNP和它的用途导出的一个基因分数描述了PCa风险评价。最后，我们评论基因分数的最新建议的概念；观点是为基因倾向把它当作一个标记，类似于家庭历史，而非一个诊断标记到从非癌症病人区别PCa病人。到日期的可得到的证据建议那个基因分数比家庭历史是一个目的和PCa的继承风险的更好的测量。这篇文章的另一个唯一的特征是在中国、日本的人口的PCa的基因协会研究的包括。

简介：垂直的风的效果砍，云microphysical预算上的放射，和冰云与奔流的降雨联系了在期间乍见陆地，严重热带暴风雨，Bilis(2006)被使用二天的格子规模敏感实验数据的一系列分析调查。当upper-tropospheric向上打手势，lower-tropospheric向下打手势时，发生在2006年7月15日，垂直的风的移动砍，从降雨的冰云增加降雨贡献打字(厘米)与积极的网冷凝作用和hydrometeor损失/集中联系了，而云的排除从厘米的放射的效果和云放射相互作用还原剂降雨贡献。垂直的风的消除砍并且从降雨类型(厘米)的云放射相互作用增加降雨贡献与积极的网冷凝作用和hydrometeor获得/分叉联系了，但是云的移动从厘米的放射的效果和冰云减少降雨贡献。在从与否定的网冷凝作用和hydrometeor损失/集中联系的降雨类型(厘米)的降雨贡献的改进被云的排除引起放射的效果，云放射相互作用和冰云，而在从厘米的降雨贡献的减小源于垂直的风的移动砍。当向上的运动在7月16日出现在整个对流层时，所有这些效果的排除从厘米增加降雨贡献，但是通常减少从厘米和厘米的降雨贡献。

简介：LetLbetheinfinitesimalgeneratorofananalyticsemigrouponL2(Rn)withGaussiankernelbound,andletL-α/2bethefractionalintegralsofLfor0

简介：AIM:Toevaluatetheimpactofsociodemographic/clinicalfactorsonearlyvirologicalresponse(EVR)topegin-terferon/ribavirinforchronichepatitisC(CHC)inclinicalpractice.METHODS:Weconductedamulticenter,cross-sectional,observationalstudyinHepatologyUnitsof91Spanishhospitals.CHCpatientstreatedwithpeginterferonα-2aplusribavirinwereincluded.EVRwasdefinedasundetectablehepatitisCvirus(HCV)-ribonucleicacid(RNA)or≥2logHCV-RNAdecreaseafter12wkoftreatment.AbivariateanalysisofsociodemographicandclinicalvariablesassociatedwithEVRwascarriedout.IndependentfactorsassociatedwithanEVRwereanalyzedusingamultipleregressionanalysisthatincludedthefollowingbaselinedemographicandclinicalvariables:age(≤40yearsvs>40years),gender,race,educationallevel,maritalstatusandfamilystatus,weight,alcoholandtobaccoconsumption,sourceofHCVinfection,alanineaminotransferase(ALT)andaspartateaminotransferase(AST)levels,andgammaglutamyltranspeptidase(GGT)(≤85IU/mLvs>85IU/mL),serumferritin,serumHCV-RNAconcentration(<400000vs≥400000),genotype(1/4vs3/4),cirrhoticstatusandribavirindose(800/1000/1200mg/d).RESULTS:Atotalof1014patientswereincludedinthestudy.Meanageofthepatientswas44.3±9.8years,70%weremale,and97%wereCaucasian.ThemainsourcesofHCVinfectionwereintravenousdrugabuse(25%)andbloodtransfusion(23%).SeventyeightpercentwereinfectedwithHCVgenotype1/4(68%hadgenotype1)and22%withgenotypes2/3.TheHCV-RNAlevelwas>400000IU/mLin74%ofpatients.ThemeanALTandASTlevelswere88.4±69.7IU/mLand73.9±64.4IU/mL,respectively,andmeanGGTlevelwas82±91.6IU/mL.Themeanferritinlevelwas266±284.8μg/L.Only6.2%ofpatientspresentedwithcirrhosis.Allpatientsreceived180mgofpeginterferonα-2a.Themostfrequentlyusedribavirindoseswere1000mg/d(41%)and1200mg/d(41%).Theplannedtreatm

简介：BackgroundLeftbundlebranchblock(LBBB)resultsinanalteredpatternofleftventricular(LV)activationandsubsequentcontraction.CardiacsynchronyandcardiacfunctionaredeterioratedbyLBBB.However,theeffectofLBBBhistoryonprogressiveheartdysfunctionandclinicalefficacyofcardiacresynchronizationtherapy(CRT)insuchpatientsarenotclear.InthisstudyweexploretheclinicalefficacyandpredictorofcardiacresynchronizationtherapyinLBBBheartdysfunction.MethodsTwenty-sevenLBBBpatientswithsevereheartfailureweretreatedwithCRT.Twenty-sixLBBBpatientswithoutCRTservedascontrol.During6monthsfollow-up,ECG,plasmaNT-proBNPandechocardiogramindexesweremeasured.ResultsComparedwithbaseline,NYHAfunctionalclassof23patients(85.2%)wasimprovedinCRTgroup.Comparedwithbaselineandcontrol,QRSduration(QRSd)wassignificantlymorenarrow(P=0.023,P=0.019),NT-proBNPwassignificantlylower(P=0.011,P=0.009),ventricularseptaltoleftventricularposteriorwalldelaytimeandleftventriculardyssynchronyindex(Ts-SD)weresignificantlyworse(P<0.05);leftventricularejectionfraction,leftventricularend-systolicvolume,mitralregurgitationareaweresignificantlyimprovedinCRTgroup(P<0.05).whentheLBBBhistorywas≥2yearsandQRSd≥155ms,thesensitivityandspecificityofCRTsuper-responsewere53.4%and85.6%respectively.ConclusionsCRTcanimprovethesynchronizationandhemodynamicofLBBBpatientswithheartdysfunction,theLBBBhistory≥2yearsandQRSd≥155msareoneoftheCRTsuper-responsepredictors.

简介：Acoupledroutingforthetransportcapacityandtheenergyslopeisintroducedthroughthedefinitionofthecontrolfactormwhosevalueislinkedtothebedformconfiguration.Thecouplingaimstofurtherincorporatetheinteractionsoccurringinalluvialriversandthusenhancethepredictionofthefinesedimentfluxes,especiallyduringhighstreampowerevents.Basedonapredictiveruleforthecontrolfactormthatonlyinvolveswaterdepth,velocityandbedformconstitutivetexture,thenovelmethodisconfrontedtoobservationscollectedinoneofthemoststronglydynamicalluvialrivernamelytheLowerYellowRiver.Comparisonsbetweentimeseriesofmeasuredandcomputedconcentrationsillustratethatduringhighvelocityeventsthemaindynamicsofthesedimenttransportiscorrectlyreproduced.Themainadvantageofthepresentapproachistosupplyconsistenttimeevolutionsofsedimentconcentrationswithoutmakinguseofanydetailedshearinformation.

简介：UsingthefocalmechanismsolutionsandslipdistributionmodeldataoftheTaiwanStraitsMS7.3earthquakeonSeptember16,1994,wecalculatethestaticCoulombstresschangesstemmingfromtheearthquake.Basedonthedistributionofaftershocksandstressfield,aswellasthelocationofhistoricalearthquakes,weanalyzetheCoulombstresschangetriggeredbytheTaiwanStraitsMS7.3earthquake.TheresultshowsthatthestaticCoulombstresschangeobtainedbyforwardmodelingbasedontheslipdistributionmodelisquiteconsistentwiththelocationofaftershocksintheareasfarawayfromtheepicenter.Ninetypercentofaftershocksoccurredinthestressincreasedareas.TheCoulombstresschangeisnotentirelyconsistentwiththedistributionofaftershocksneartheepicenter.ItisfoundthatCoulombstresschangecanbetterreflecttheaftershockdistributionfarawayfromtheepicenter,whilesuchcorrespondingrelationshipbecomesquitecomplexneartheepicenter.ThroughthecalculationoftheCoulombstresschange,wefindthatthestressincreasesinthesouthwestpartoftheMin-Yue(Fujian-Guangdong)coastalfaultzone,whichenhancestheseismicactivity.Therefore,itisdeemedthattheseaareabetweenNanpengIslandandDongshanIsland,wheretheMin-YuecoastalfaultzoneintersectswiththeNW-trendingShanghang-Dongshanfault,hasahighseismicrisk.

简介：In2005,significantrainfallreinforcementandseveredisasterwasinducedbytropicalcyclone(TC)TalimafteritmadelandfallontheeastofChina.Observationalanalysesshowthatithasrelationshipwithcoldairintrusion.Forinvestigatingtheimpactofcoldairintensity,wemakeuseofWeatherResearchandForecasting(WRF)model,thesynthesizerofNCEP/NCARreanalysisdataandJapanregionalspectralmodeldata,tocarryoutnumericalexperiments.Resultsshowthatrainfallreinforcementoccursinallexperiments.Differentintensityofcoldaircanmodifytherainfalldistributionandintensitysignificantly.Intherainfallcenter,theincrementmaximumofrainfallistwiceaslargeasthatoftheminimum.Moderatecoldairintrusionmayresultinthestrongestrainfallreinforcement.Differentcoldairintensitycanleadtodifferentmotionoflow-levelconvergencelinesandfronts.Thereisagoodrelationshipbetweentherainfallregionandtheeasternpartofthefront.Ononehand,strongcoldairweakenstheTCintensitybyitsintrusionintotheTCcenterandresultsinweakconvergenceandaconvergentzoneandarainbandshiftedsouthward.Ontheotherhand,weakcoldairreducestheconvergenceandmovestheconvergentzoneandrainbandnorthward.Moderatecoldairintrusionmaintainsstronglow-levelconvergenceandhigh-leveldivergence,keepingstrongupwardmotionovercertainregions.Consequently,therainbandbeginstostagnateandrainfallreinforcesabruptlytherein.