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简介：有建议激活的apoptosis在呼喊的人的精子发信号否定地影响他们的授精潜力的证据的基本身体。然而，发信号的这apoptotic是否是与精子发生有关的未成功的apoptosis的一件遗物，仍然是争论的或如果它应该在导致stereotypical的成熟精子被认为是一条功能的preformed小径词法变化思考原子拆卸。探讨这个问题，apoptosis在密度坡度centrifugation充实的成熟、不成熟的呼喊的人的精子用betulinic酸被导致。apoptosis的执行被经由传播电子显微镜学观察极端词法的变化监视。在体的房间的apoptosis的典型词法符号与apoptotic身体，损害mitochondrial正直，原子信封的缺点，和原子破碎的形成包括血浆膜blebbing；这些形态学也在人的精子被观察了。另外，这些apoptotic特征在与成熟精子相比的不成熟的精子是更经常的。后面的betulinic酸处理，apoptosis相关的词法变化从健康施主在成熟精子被导致。这效果更不在不成熟的精子被读。而且在两部分，betulinic酸处理增加了反应acrosome的精子的百分比。我们的极端词法的学习的结果在成熟呼喊的人的精子证明apoptosis的功能的胜任。一个唯一的未成功的过程的理论可能为不成熟的精子仅仅是有效的。由刺激apoptosis的acrosome反应的正式就职可能使精子apoptosis的生物关联清楚些。

简介：Weexperimentallydemonstratetheopticalpropertiesofgratingsengravedinasingle-modewaveguidefabricatedontopofadielectricmultilayerplatform.ThestructurecanbeapproachedasareflectorforBloch-surface-wavebasedtwo-dimensionalopticalsystems.Thegratingshavebeenfabricatedonathin(～λ∕25)titaniumdioxidelayerwithathicknessofafewtensofnanometersdepositedonthetopofamultilayerplatform.Theopticalpropertiesofthegratingshavebeencharacterizedinthenearfieldwiththeaidofmulti-heterodynescanningnearfieldopticalmicroscopy.Weinvestigatethesurfacewave’sinterferencepattern,producedbyincidentandreflectedlightinfrontofthegratings.ThepresentedgratingsbehaveasanefficientBloch-surface–wave-basedreflectorattelecommunicationwavelength.

简介：Wedemonstrateanultra-low-thresholdphononlaserusingacoupled-microtoroid-cavitysystembyintroducinganovelcouplingapproach.Theschemeexhibitsbothhighopticalqualityfactorsandhighmechanicalqualityfactors.Wehaveexperimentallyobtainedthemechanicalqualityfactorupto18,000invacuumforaradialbreathingmodeof59.2MHz.Themeasuredphononlasingthresholdisaslowas1.2μW,whichis～5timeslowerthanthepreviousresult.

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简介：

简介：热变丑行为二媒介碳超离频有不同的铌内容的力量钢被调查旁边使用的Zener-Hollmom参数和处理地图，和铌的效果中等的碳钢的热变丑行为上的增加被决定。热压缩测试在在温度使变形从的一个Gleeble-3500thermo机械的模拟器上被进行850～1200?景琠敨映畯?瑳条獥愠敲搠獩畣獳摥。

简介：Inthispaper,wepresentanultra-compact1Dphotoniccrystal(PhC)Bragggratingdesignonathinfilmlithiumniobateslotwaveguide(SWG)via2D-and3D-FDTDsimulations.2D-FDTDsimulationsareemployedtotunethephotonicbandgap(PBG)size,PBGcenter,cavityresonancewavelength,andthewholesizeofPhC.3DFDTDsimulationsarecarriedouttomodeltherealstructurebyvaryingdifferentgeometricalparameterssuchasSWGheightandPhCsize.AmoderateresonancequalityfactorQofabout300isachievedwithaPhCsizeofonly0.5μm×0.7μm×6μm.TheproposedslotBragggratingstructureisthenexploitedasanelectricfield(E-field)sensor.Thesensitivityisanalyzedby3D-FDTDsimulationswithaminimumdetectableE-fieldassmallas23mV∕m.Thepossiblefabricationprocessoftheproposedstructureisalsodiscussed.ThecompactsizeoftheproposedslotBragggratingstructuremayhaveapplicationsinon-chipE-fieldsensing,opticalfiltering,etc.

简介：Theemissionwavelengthofalaserisphysicallypredeterminedbythegainmediumused.Consequently,arbitrarywavelengthgenerationisafundamentalchallengeinthescienceoflight.Presentsolutionsincludeopticalparametricgeneration,requiringcomplexopticalsetupsandspectrallyslicedsupercontinuum,takingadvantageofasimplerfibertechnology:afixed-wavelengthpumplaserpulseisconvertedintoaspectrallyverybroadbandoutput,fromwhichtherequiredresultingwavelengthisthenopticallyfiltered.Unfortunately,thisprocessisassociatedwithaninherentlypoornoisefigure,whichoftenprecludesmanyrealisticapplicationsofsuchsupercontinuumsources.Here,weshowthatbyaddingonlyonepassiveopticalelement—ataperedphotoniccrystalfiber—toafixed-wavelengthfemtosecondlaser,onecaninaverysimplemannerresonantlyconvertthelaseremissionwavelengthintoanultra-wideandcontinuousrangeofdesiredwavelengths,withverylowinherentnoise,andwithoutmechanicalrealignmentofthelaser.Thisisachievedbyexploitingthedoubleinterplayofnonlinearityandchirpinthelasersourceandchirpandphasematchinginthetaperedfiber.Asafirstdemonstrationofthissimpleandinexpensivetechnology,wepresentafemtosecondfiberlasercontinuouslytunableacrosstheentirered–green–bluespectralrange.

简介：Byovercomingfabricationlimitations,wehavesuccessfullyfabricatedsilicatoroidmicrocavitieswithbothlargediameter(of1.88mm)andultra-high-Qfactor(of3.3×10~8)forthefirsttime,tothebestofourknowledge.Byemployingtheseresonators,wehavefurtherdemonstratedlow-thresholdKerrfrequencycombsonasiliconchip,whichallowustoobtainarepetitionrateaslowas36GHz.Suchalowrepetitionratefrequencycombcannowbedirectlymeasuredthroughacommercializedoptical-electronicdetector.