简介：ThedevelopmentandmaintenanceofthecontrolsystemsofthefourLargeHadronCollider(LHC)experimentswillrequireanon-negligibleamountofresourcesandeffort.InordertominimisetheoveralleffortrequiredtheJointControlsProject(JCOP)wasset-upasacollaborationbetweenCERNandthefourLHCexperimentstofindandimplementcommonsolutionsforthecontroloftheLHCexperiments.ItisoneofthefewexamplesofsuchawidecollaborationandthereforetheexistenceoftheJCOPprojectisextremelysignificant.Thispaperwillgiveabriefoverviewoftheproject,itsstructureanditshistory.Itwillgoontosummarisethevarioussub-projectsthathavebeeninitiatedundertheauspicesofJCOPtogetherwiththeircurrentstatus.ItwillhighlightthattheJCOPgeneralprincipleistopromotetheuseofindustrialsolutionswhereverpossible.However,thisdoesnotruleouttheprovisionofcustomsulutionswhennon-standarddevicesorverylargenumbersofdeviceshavetobecontrolled.ThepaperwillalsodiscussthearchitectureforeseenbyJCOPandwhereinthisarchitecturethevarioustypesofsolutionsareexpectedtobeused.Finally,althouththeselectionofcommonindustrialandcustomsolutionsisanecessaryconditionofrJCOPtosucceed,theuseofthesesolutionsinthemselveswouldnotnecessarilyleadtotheproductionofhomogeneouscontrolsystems,Therefore,thepaperwillfinishwithadescriptionoftheJCOPFramework,whichisbeingdevelopedtopromotetheuseofthesecommonsolutions,toireducethedevelopmenteffortrequiredbythevariousexperimentdevelopmentteamsandtohelptobuildandintegratecontrolsystemswhichcanbemoreeasilymaintained.

简介：ThedevelopmentandmaintenanceofthecontrolsystemsofthefourLHCexperimentswillrequireanon-negligibleamountofresourcesandeffort.TheJointControlsProject(JCOP)[1]hasbeenset-upasacollaborationbetweenCERNandthefourLHCexperimentstofindcommonsolutionsfortheLHCexperiments'controlsystems.AlthoughtheJCOPgeneralprincipleistopromotetheuseofindustrialssoluitionswhereverpossible,customsolutionsarestillrequiredwhennon-standarddevicesorverylargenumbersofdeviceshavetobecontrolled.Furthermore.toeasethedevelopmentandintegrationofbothstandardandnon-standarddevicesintothecontrolsystemanumberofsoftwareFrameworksareunderdevelopment.ThispaperwilldescribethevarioussolutionsbeingproposedbyJCOPincludingtheSupervisoryandFront-Endframeworksaswellasthevariousindustrialandcustomcomponents.Inaddition,ItwillalsodescribewherethesefitintotheforeseenJCOPcontrolsarchitecture.ThepaperwillthenhighlightinmoredetailtheFront-EndFramework.

简介：InthisupdatereportaboutanObjectOriented(OO)trackreconstructionmodel,whichwaspresentedatCHEP'97,CHEP'98,andCHEP'2000,weshalldescribesubsequentnewdevelopmentssincethebeginningofyear2000.TheOOmodelfortheKalmanfilteringmethodhasbeendesignedforhighenergyphysicsexperimentsathighluminosityhadroncolliders.IthasbeencodedintheC++programminglanguageoriginallyfortheCMSexperimentatthefutureLargeHadronCollider(LHC)atCERN,andlaterhasbeensuccessfullyimplementedintothreedifferentOOcomputingenvironments(includingthelevel-2triggerandofflinesoftwaresystems)oftheATLAS(anothermajorexperimentatLHC).Forthelevel-2triggersoftwareenvironment.weshallselectivelypresentsomelatestperformanceresults(e.g.theB-physicseventselectionforATLASlevel-2trigger,therobustnessstudyresult,ets.).Fortheofflineenvironment,weshallpresentanew3-Dspacepointpackagewhichprovidestheessentialofflineinput.AmajordevelopmentafterCHEP'2000istheimplementationoftheOOmodelintothenewOOsoftwareframeworkAthena"ofATLASexperiment.ThenewmodularizationofthisOOpackageenablesthemodeltobemoreflexibleandtobemoreeasilyimplementedintodifferentsoftwareenvironments.Alsoitprovidesthepotentialtohandlethemorecomlpicatedrealisticsituation(e.g.toincludethecalibrationcorrectionandthealignmentcorrection,etc.)Somegeneralinterfaceissues(e.g.designofthecommontrackclass)ofthealgorithmstodifferentframeworkenvironmentshavebeeninvestigatedbyusingthisOOpackage.

简介：TheJointControlsProject(JCOP)isacollaborationbetweenCERNandthefourLHCexperimentstofindandimplementcommonsolutionsfortheircontrolandmonitoringsystems.AspartofthisprojectandArchitectureWorkingGroupwassetupinordertostudytherequirementsanddeviseanarchitecturalmodelthatwouldsuitthefourexperiments.Manyissueswerestudiedbythisworkinggroup:Alarmhandling,AccessControl,HierarchicalControl,etc.Thispaperwillreportonthespecificissueofhierarchicalcontrolandinparticularpartitioning,automationanderrorrecovery.

简介：TheLHCexperimentsatCERNwillgeneratehugevolumesofdata-severalPBperyearatdataratesbetween100MB/sand1.5GB/s.Thestorageandanalysisofthesedatapresentamajorchallenge.IncollaborationwithothermembersoftheformerRD45project,thecentraldatabasesupportgroupatCERNhasbeenworkingonthisissueforseveralyears,leadingtoproductionuseofapotentialsolution,basedonthecombinationofanObjectDatabaseandMassStoragesystem,botheatCERNandoutside.

简介：AttheCERNlargehadroncollider(LHC),productionoftheHiggsbosoninassociationwithZorWbosonsprovidesadramaticexperimentalsignalfordetectingthestandardmodel(SM)Higgsboson.Inthispaper,weconsiderthecontributionsoftheleft-righttwinHiggs(LRTH)modeltotheprocessesq()’→Z(W)H.Ournumericalresultsshowthat,inthefavorableparameterspaces,thecrosssectionsdeviatedistinctlyfromthepredictionsoftheSM.ThepossiblesignalsoftheLRTHmodelcanbedetectedviatheseprocessesattheLHCexperiments.

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简介：最高的帮助颜色的彩色印片法模型(TC2)预言一个非通用的Z'计量器波色子，它与提高的力量联合到第三产生费米子。我们在LHC通过过程ggt在生气的节和最高的夸克对生产的旋转关联上学习这个非通用的计量器波色子的效果。我们发现全部的生气的节和旋转关联能被减少由?4.7%并且?1.4%分别地在允许的参数空格。

简介：摘要： 创新和发展是人类得以长久的主题，新课改要求教师注重培养学生的实践能力和创新能力。物理这门基础性学科，很多知识点都是先辈通过无数次的实验得出来的结论，因此学生要想学好物理这门学科，就要会做实验，很多抽象的概念，通过实验展现以后，就会变得形象具体。因此我们在教学中要要求学生多亲自动手做实验，一些动手能力差的，或者胆小的，可以让他们在观看完老师或者同学完成以后，一定要自己亲自动手做实验，锻炼他们的动手能力。在平常生活中要让学生多观察，善于分析，根据所学知识做一些小发明，小创造。下面就中学物理实验提供几点意见供大家参考。

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简介：高中生物新课程人教版必修三教材中，有一个“探索生长素类似物促进插条生根的最适浓度”的探究活动，该探究活动需要先做预实验，再做正式实验．究竟什么是预实验，其作用是什么呢？

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简介：加强实验教学是培养学生探究能力的主要途径。但在实验教学探究活动的设计和实施中，教师往往会忽略一些重要的细节。本文着重从实验过程中、现象中、步骤中、冲突中等细节方面进行深层次地挖掘，引领学生自觉地获取知识和技能，训练科学的思维方法，体验探究的乐趣，同时促进教师自身的成长，演绎课堂的精彩。

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简介：本文运用科学实验技能形成的心理机制，探讨在中学化学教学中如何培养学生的化学实验技能。

简介：<正>实验,是生物教学中的重要环节之一。实验教学进行的好坏,在一定程度上制约和影响着教育教学质量是否得到提高。因此,重视和加强实验教学,是实验学科教师应该努力去做好的一件事情。为认真组织实验教学,实现实验教学的基本目标和要求,我在以往的教学中进行了许多尝试。总结了下面几点不成熟的教学经验。一、精心准备对于每一个实验,教师在教学之前首先要作好教材分析,以使实验得以顺利开展,并能在实验过程中

简介：当代教学提倡加强实验教育，各高校都大力开展各项实验改革，本文从加强实验管理方面出发，提出加强实验各方面的管理以促进实验室建设、人才培养，提高教学和科研水平。