简介：AbstractPurpose:The incidence of acute lung injury (ALI) in severe trauma patients is 48% and the mortality rate following acute respiratory distress syndrome evolved from ALI is up to 68.5%. Alveolar epithelial type 1 cells (AEC1s) and type 2 cells (AEC2s) are the key cells in the repair of injured lungs as well as fetal lung development. Therefore, the purification and culture of AEC1s and AEC2s play an important role in the research of repair and regeneration of lung tissue.Methods:Sprague-Dawley rats (3-4 weeks, 120-150 g) were purchased for experiment. Dispase and DNase I were jointly used to digest lung tissue to obtain a single-cell suspension of whole lung cells, and then magnetic bead cell sorting was performed to isolate T1α positive cells as AEC1s from the single-cell suspension by using polyclonal rabbit anti-T1a (a specific AEC1s membrane protein) antibodies combined with anti-rabbit IgG microbeads. Afterwards, alveolar epithelial cell membrane marker protein EpCAM was designed as a key label to sort AEC2s from the remaining T1α-neg cells by another positive immunomagnetic selection using monoclonal mouse anti-EpCAM antibodies and anti-mouse IgG microbeads. Cell purity was identified by immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry.Results:The purity of AEC1s and AEC2s was 88.3% ± 3.8% and 92.6% ± 2.7%, respectively. The cell growth was observed as follows: AEC1s stretched within the 12-16 h, but the cells proliferated slowly; while AEC2s began to stretch after 24 h and proliferated rapidly from the 2nd day and began to differentiate after 3 days.Conclusion:AEC1s and AEC2s sorted by this method have high purity and good viability. Therefore, our method provides a new approach for the isolation and culture of AEC1s and AEC2s as well as a new strategy for the research of lung repair and regeneration.

简介：摘要：组织结构是企业管理存在的基础，是企业管理系统总体框架，是企业经营发展实现战略目标的载体和手段，承载着企业运营过程中各种流程的落地。如果企业的组织结构不能适应内外部环境，不能适应企业文化，不能适应企业战略、人员素质以及企业规模和企业生活周期及技术水平，将难以长久良性的经营和发展下去。本文以L公司组织结构作为研究对象，系统地分析了L公司现行组织结构运营过程中存在的问题及其原因，有针对的提出了取舍部门简化大组织结构、选择矩阵式组织结构优化品牌管理部门、销售大区选择事业部制组织结构提升区域管理水平等组织结构优化方案有效实施的保障措施，更好地适应环境变化、提升组织效率、促进企业健康良性发展。

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简介：摘要支气管哮喘(哮喘)是一种伴随气道高反应性、可逆性气流阻塞、气道重塑的慢性气道炎症性疾病。许多研究表明，程序性死亡蛋白1(PD-1)与其配体程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)和PD-L2之间的相互作用在T细胞激活、耐受和免疫介导的组织损伤中发挥关键作用。但PD-1与其配体PD-L1和PD-L2在哮喘气道高反应性和气道炎症发展中所扮演的角色仍没有一个明确的结论。本文就PD-L1和PD-L2在哮喘发病机制中的潜在作用以及未来在该疾病防治中的潜在价值作一综述。

简介：AbstractHereditary spastic paraplegia type 56 (SPG56-HSP) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by loss of function mutations in CYP2U1, leading to an early-onset limbs spasticity, often complicated by additional neurological or extra-neurological manifestations. Given its low prevalence, the molecular bases underlying SPG56-HSP are still poorly understood, and effective treatment options are still lacking. Recently, through the generation and characterization of the SPG56-HSP mouse model, we were able to take few important steps forward in expanding our knowledge of the molecular background underlying this complex disease. Leveraging the Cyp2u1-/- mouse model we were able to identify several new diagnostics biomarkers (vitamin B2, coenzyme Q, neopterin, and interferon-alpha), as well as to highlight the key role played by the folate pathway in SPG56-HSP pathogenesis, providing a potential treatment option. In this review, we discuss the major role played by the Cyp2u1-/- model in dissecting clinical and biological aspects of the disease, opening the way to a series of new research paths ranging from clinical trials, biomarker testing, and to the expansion of the underlying genetic and molecular, emphasizing how basic mouse model characterization could contribute to advance research in the context of rare disorders.

简介：AbstractType 2 inflammation is a complex immune response and primary mechanism for several common allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. It is the predominant type of immune response against helminths to prevent their tissue infiltration and induce their expulsion. Recent studies suggest that epithelial barrier dysfunction contributes to the development of type 2 inflammation in asthma, which may partly explain the increasing prevalence of asthma in China and around the globe. The epithelial barrier hypothesis has recently been proposed and has received great interest from the scientific community. The development of leaky epithelial barriers leads to microbial dysbiosis and the translocation of bacteria to inter- and sub-epithelial areas and the development of epithelial tissue inflammation. Accordingly, preventing the impairment and promoting the restoration of a deteriorated airway epithelial barrier represents a promising strategy for the treatment of asthma. This review introduces the interaction between type 2 inflammation and the airway epithelial barrier in asthma, the structure and molecular composition of the airway epithelial barrier, and the assessment of epithelial barrier integrity. The role of airway epithelial barrier disruption in the pathogenesis of asthma will be discussed. In addition, the possible mechanisms underlying the airway epithelial barrier dysfunction induced by allergens and environmental pollutants, and current treatments to restore the airway epithelial barrier are reviewed.

简介：AbstractBackgrounds:Inadequate sleep duration is associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes and the relationship is nonlinear. We aim to assess the curve relationship between night sleep duration and the incidence of type 2 diabetes in China.Methods:A cohort of 11,539 participants from the REACTION study without diabetes at baseline (2011) were followed until 2014 for the development of type 2 diabetes. The average number of hours of sleep per night was grouped. Incidence rates and odds ratios (ORs) were calculated for the development of diabetes in each sleep duration category.Results:Compared to people who sleep for 7 to 8 h/night, people with longer sleep duration (≥9 h/night) had a greater risk of type 2 diabetes (OR: 1.27; 95% CI: 1.01-1.61), while shorter sleep (<6 h/night) had no significant difference in risk of type 2 diabetes. When the dataset was stratified based on selected covariates, the association between type 2 diabetes and long sleep duration became more evident among individuals <65 years of age, male, body mass index <24 kg/m2 or with hypertension or hyperlipidemia, no interaction effects were observed. Furthermore, compared to people persistently sleeping 7 to 9 h/night, those who persistently slept ≥9 h/night had a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. The optimal sleep duration was 6.3 to 7.5 h/night.Conclusions:Short or long sleep duration was associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Persistently long sleep duration increased the risk.

简介：摘要CD99L2(CD99 antigen-like 2)基因位于染色体Xq28，编码高度保守、广泛表达的糖基化跨膜蛋白。自2003年首次报道以来，CD99L2蛋白被认为是一种重要的黏附分子，在炎症反应、白细胞渗出、淋巴瘤中起重要作用。但是，近年越来越多研究发现该基因与孤独症谱系障碍、脑性瘫痪、癫痫等神经系统疾病密切相关，但具体机制仍不清楚，该基因功能至今未明确。该文就CD99L2基因的研究进展进行综述。

简介：［摘要］随着互联网的发展，网络直播以其独特的优势进军农产品营销。网络直播农产品能不仅让购买者沉浸式体验农产品品质，增加消费者对农产品消费的信任感，而且能通过多种方式销售，提高农产品的交易率。本文主要通过网络直播农产品的特点，结合L县农产品营销模式，对直播营销农产品的提出建议，助力乡村振兴。

简介：摘要：文章以L煤矿辅助运输优化方案设计为背景，对设计指导思想及设计方案内容进行了详细的介绍，对煤矿辅助运输方案设计有一定的参考作用。

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简介：摘要   本文通过临床龙胆泻肝汤使用病例的阐述，揭示中医辩证施治的灵魂，增强对“异病同治”、“一方治百病”的理解，对临床所现的肝胆湿热郁结、阴不虚症的辩证治疗具有提示和指导意义。

简介：摘要：本文在常规L波段收发组件的基础上，通过增加开关矩阵及耦合器来设计新型收发组件，新型收发组件可以在不增加端口数量的前提下，实现多种定标工作模式。并对组件开展研制工作，最终的实测结果满足设计预期。

简介：摘要：在乡村振兴战略实施过程中，培养农村实用人才，是实现人才振兴、乡村振兴的重要举措可以为新农村建设提供内生动力。创新现代职业教育应重视农村教育工作，开拓新型职业农民的培育路径，助力农业强、农民富等目标的实现。但从目前农民培训实践来看，现行培训仍处于粗放型培训阶段，存在培训目标泛化、培训内容错位、培训绩效难以有效评估，教育培训后难以与职业有效对接等问题，为此深入豫西L县一线走访调研，实地查看等方式为培育新型职业农民提出建议对策的现实路径，希望推动农村职业教育工作的进步与发展。

简介：AbstractPurpose:The purpose of this study was to assess and compare elbow range of motion, triceps extension strength and functional results of type C (AO/OTA) distal humerus fractures treated with bilateral triceps tendon (BTT) approach and olecranon osteotomy (OO). At the same time, we are also trying to know whether BTT approach can provide sufficient vision for comminuted intra-articular fractures of the distal humerus, and whether it is convenient to convert to the treatment to total elbow arthroplasty (TEA) or OO.Methods:Patients treated with OO and BTT approaches for type C distal humerus fractures between July 2014 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria include: (1) patients' age were more than 18 years old, (2) follow-up was no less than 6 months, and (3) patients were diagnosed with type C fractures (based on the AO/OTA classification). Exclusion criteria include: (1) open fractures (Gustillo type 2 or type 3), (2) treated by other approaches, and (3) presented with combined injuries of ipsilateral upper extremities, such as ulnar nerve. Elbow range of motion and triceps extension strength testing were completely valuated, when the fractures had healed. Assessment of functional results using the Mayo elbow performance score and complications were conducted in final follow-up. The data were compared using the two tailed Student's t-test. All data were presented as mean ± standard deviation.Results:Eighty-six patients of type C distal humerus fractures, treated by OO and BTT approach were retrospectively reviewed between July 2014 and December 2017. Fifty-five distal humerus fractures (23 males and 32 females, mean age 52.7 years) treated by BTT approach or OO were included in this study. There were 10 fractures of type C1, 16 type C2 and 29 type C3 according to the AO/OTA classification. Patients were divided into two surgical approach groups chosen by the operators: BTT group (28 patients) and OO group (27 patients). And the mean follow-up time of all patients was 15.6 months (range, 6-36 months). Three cases in BTT group were converted to TEA, and one converted to OO. Only one case in BTT group presented poor articular reduction with a step more than 2 mm. There were not significantly different in functional outcomes according to the Mayo elbow performance score, operation time and extension flexion motion are values between BTT group and OO group (p > 0.05). Complications and reoperation rate were also similar in the two groups. Triceps manual muscle testing were no significant difference in the two groups, even subdivided in elder patients (aged >60 years old).Conclusion:BTT is a safe approach to achieve similar functional result comparing with OO. BTT were not suitable for every case with severe comminuted pattern, but it avoids the potential complications related to OO, and has no complications concerning with triceps tendon. It is convenient for open reduction internal fixation and flexible to be converted to OO, as well as available to be converted to TEA in elder patients.

简介：AbstractPurpose:Stable Weber B ankle fractures are treated by a walking boot for 6 weeks and bearing full weight through the boot as tolerated. The aim of the present study was to assess the outcome parameters of this treatment protocol, evaluate the efficacy of using the walking boot, and investigate any possible predicting factors that could affect the outcomes.Methods:All the patients with stable Weber B ankle fractures, treated in our hospital between January 2018 and December 2018, were prospectively included to the study. The patients were evaluated clinically, and the patient-reported outcome measures data were collected at the 2 and 6 weeks post-injury. Chi square, Spearman's rho test, independent samples and paired sample t-tests were used for the monovariant analysis.Results:A total of 128 consecutive patients (aged 52.2 ± 19.1 years) with supination external rotation type 2 fracture were finally included to the study. At the 2 weeks follow-up, the reported outcome measures scores were in moderate levels, but improved significantly at the 6 weeks follow-up (p < 0.0001). Multivariant analysis revealed that the ability to bear full weight without the boot at the 2 weeks after diagnosis was the only variable, which made statistically unique contribution to the foot and ankle disability index score at the 6 weeks (p = 0.005).Conclusion:Conservative treatment using a walking boot with advice to bear full weight of stable ankle Weber B fractures can bring to good functional outcomes. The ability to bear full weight without the aid of the walking boot at 2 weeks after diagnosis was the only significant predicting factor for better outcomes at 6 weeks after diagnosis.

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简介：摘 要：针对 Ｌ波段高空气象探测资料出现的问题‚如地面基测、瞬间观测数据错误、下沉记录、仰角方位异常、雷达故障应急记录处理等‚分析问题出现的原因‚提出正确处理意见，总结经验，提高处理异常记录的能力。

简介：摘要目的研究机器人辅助L4、L5椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗腰椎滑脱症的学习曲线及其拐点。方法回顾性分析2016年1月至2020年12月采用机器人辅助L4、L5椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗43例腰椎滑脱症患者资料，男19例、女24例；年龄59（48，66）岁；按Meyerding分类，Ⅰ度滑脱23例，Ⅱ度滑脱18例，Ⅲ度滑脱2例。测量螺钉置入精度和螺钉准确性分级，记录患者手术时间、术中出血量、术中透视次数、术后并发症、术后住院时间等信息。采用累计求和法绘制学习曲线，根据形态将学习曲线分为前期和后期。对比学习前期和学习后期指标差异，采用t检验、Wilcoxon秩和检验进行统计学分析。结果43例腰椎滑脱症患者均顺利完成手术，置入L4椎弓根螺钉60枚、L5椎弓根螺钉70枚。L4椎弓根螺钉置入精度在第23枚开始提高，L5椎弓根螺钉置入精度在第20枚开始提高。以第23枚椎弓根螺钉（第14例患者）分割学习曲线为前期和后期，学习前期组与后期组在手术时间[（225.0±74.0）min vs.（207.0±81.2）min，t=0.65，P=0.521]、术中出血量[200（75，500）ml vs. 100（60，200）ml，Z=1.30，P=0.195]、术中透视次数[10（6，10）次vs. 10（6，10）次，Z=-0.37，P=0.712]、术后并发症发生率（8% vs. 0，P=0.302）等的差异无统计学意义。学习后期较学习前期有更短的术后住院天数[4.5（3，6）d vs. 6.0（5，9）d，Z=2.00，P=0.046]和更高的椎弓根螺钉置入精度[L4：1.33（1.06，1.79）mm vs. 2.23（1.12，4.55）mm，Z=2.43，P=0.015；L5：1.47（0.98，1.87）mm vs. 3.21（1.64，4.87）mm，Z=3.90，P=0.001]。前期和后期置钉准确率相近[L4：95%（21/22）vs. 97%（37/38），P=1.000；L5：91%（20/22）vs. 96%（46/48），P=0.585]。结论机器人辅助L4、L5椎弓根螺钉内固定术治疗腰椎滑脱症具有较明显的学习曲线，置入第23枚椎弓根螺钉时，螺钉置入精度开始提高。