简介:AbstractBackground:The low accuracy of equations predicting 24-h urinary sodium excretion using a single spot urine sample contributed to the misclassification of individual sodium intake levels. The application of single spot urine sample is limited by a lack of representativity of urinary sodium excretion, possibly due to the circadian rhythm in urinary excretion. This study aimed to explore the circadian rhythm, characteristics, and parameters in a healthy young adult Chinese population as a theoretical foundation for developing new approaches.Methods:Eighty-five participants (mean age 32.4 years) completed the 24-h urine collection by successively collecting each of the single-voided specimens within 24 h. The concentrations of the urinary sodium, potassium, and creatinine for each voided specimen were measured. Cosinor analysis was applied to explore the circadian rhythm of the urinary sodium, potassium, and creatinine excretion. The excretion per hour was computed for analyzing the change over time with repeated-measures analysis of variance and a cubic spline model.Results:The metabolism of urinary sodium, potassium, and creatinine showed different patterns of circadian rhythm, although the urinary sodium excretion showed non-significant parameters in the cosinor model. A significant circadian rhythm of urinary creatinine excretion was observed, while the circadian rhythm of sodium was less significant than that of potassium. The circadian rhythm of urinary sodium and creatinine excretion showed synchronization to some extent, which had a nocturnal peak and fell to the lowest around noon to afternoon. In contrast, the peak of potassium was observed in the morning and dropped to the lowest point in the evening. The hourly urinary excretion followed a similar circadian rhythm.Conclusion:It is necessary to consider the circadian rhythm of urinary sodium, potassium, and creatinine excretion in adults while exploring the estimation model for 24-h urinary sodium excretion using spot urine.
简介:AbstractImportance:Several methods have been established in recent decades that allow use of spot urine to estimate dietary sodium intake. However, their accuracies have been controversial in children.Objective:To validate the performance of three commonly used methods—the Kawasaki, Tanaka, and International Cooperative Study on Salt, Other Factors, and Blood Pressure (INTERSALT) methods. Additionally, this study explored the accuracies of the Tanaka and INTERSALT methods by using spot urine samples taken at four separate times.Method:Forty-one adolescents aged 14 to 16 years completed two non-consecutive 24-hour urine collections and their mean values were used as reference data. The second-morning urine was used for assessment with the Kawasaki method; a casual spot urine and spot urine samples taken at four separate times (morning, afternoon, evening, and overnight) were used for assessment with the Tanaka and INTERSALT methods.Results:The mean differences were 1801 mg, 542 mg, 47 mg, and -31 mg for the Kawasaki, Tanaka, INTERSALT1 (with potassium), and INTERSALT2 (without potassium) methods with their required spot urine, respectively. The proportions of relative difference levels within ± 10% were 4.9% for the Kawasaki method, 19.5% for the Tanaka method, 36.6% for the INTERSALT1 method, and 36.6% for the INTERSALT2 method.Interpretation:The INTERSALT method seemed to provide minimally biased estimations of mean population sodium intake with casual spot urine. However, there is a need to be cautious regarding inconsistencies in estimation among different levels of sodium intake. The methods assessed in this study were unable to accurately estimate sodium intake at the individual level.
简介:摘要目的24h尿蛋白定量与24h尿微量白蛋白定量联合检测来判断肾早期损伤。方法用全自动生化分析仪在做24h尿蛋白定量的同时,检查24h尿微量白蛋白。结果24h尿蛋白定量、24h尿微量白蛋白、24h尿蛋白与24h尿微量白蛋白同时阳性的阳性率分别为47.9%、22.1%、21.1%,。结论尿微量白蛋白是肾损伤的早期敏感指标,它反应早期肾功能受损的情况,当尿中发生了蛋白尿,即一次24h蛋白定量超标时,不一定能判断肾功能是否受损,但如果同时尿微量白蛋白也升高,则发生肾脏病变的可能性极大。所以这两个项目一起做有一定的临床意义,值得在临床检验中推广。
简介:摘要目的分析与研究90例心房颤动患者24小时内的心电图情况,总结房颤心电学的显示特征,为日后诊断与治疗房颤提供临床参考依据。方法将我院心血管科2015年1月-2016年12月收治的90例心房颤动患者,将90例患者的24小时内的动态心电图情况进行分析,并观察动态心电图对房颤的异常现象。结果90例心房颤动的患者经动态心电图检测后有51例患者的24小时的动态心电图显示异常,异常的检出率为56.66%;动态心电图共检测出有12例患者为阵发性心房颤动;阵发性心房颤动的发生率为13.33%,其中室性早搏是最为常见的异常原因。结论动态心电图对检测心房颤动对异常的发现情况较好,同时易能检测出阵发性心房颤动,能有效确定阵发性房颤的具体位置。
简介:摘要目的探讨睾丸扭转时间超过24 h患者的诊治过程及临床转归。方法回顾性分析2013年3月至2019年2月间收治17例睾丸扭转24 h以上的患者临床资料,结合相关文献复习,研究精索扭转程度、手术方式选择、随访观察及预后。结果17例患者精索扭转度范围为180°~720°,其中180°~270° 2例,271°~360° 5例,361°~540° 7例,541°~720° 3例。10例患者扭转复位后成功保留睾丸,7例行患侧睾丸切除。术后随访,10例睾丸保留患者的血清睾酮水平均在正常范围内,其中少精症1例,弱精症3例。结论睾丸扭转的预后结果并非完全取决于扭转持续的时间,同时也取决于精索扭转的程度,综合两种因素,对睾丸扭转时间超过24 h患者进行救治,仍可使部分患者的患侧睾丸得以保留,有利于睾丸扭转诊治水平的提高。
简介:【摘要】目的 分析24h动态血压监测对高血压患者的应用价值。方法 研究对象选为高血压患者,样本共计100例,研究时间为2022.1-2023.10,根据有无合并脏器受损分为均组50例的参照组(单纯高血压)与干预组(高血压伴脏器受损),均予以24h动态血压监测,对其临床资料展开回顾性分析,观察两组监测结果。结果 干预组动态血压参数均高于参照组,P<0.05;干预组非杓型昼夜节律发生率(70.00%)高于参照组(24.00%),P<0.05;干预组血压变异性(BPV)参数高于参照组,P<0.05;干预组血压负荷值(BPL)参数均高于参照组,P<0.05。结论 高血压患者开展24h动态血压监测能够准确掌握血压水平,便于临床医生观察患者靶器官受损或血压波动情况。
简介:【摘要】目的 分析24h动态血压监测对高血压患者的应用价值。方法 研究对象选为高血压患者,样本共计100例,研究时间为2022.1-2023.10,根据有无合并脏器受损分为均组50例的参照组(单纯高血压)与干预组(高血压伴脏器受损),均予以24h动态血压监测,对其临床资料展开回顾性分析,观察两组监测结果。结果 干预组动态血压参数均高于参照组,P<0.05;干预组非杓型昼夜节律发生率(70.00%)高于参照组(24.00%),P<0.05;干预组血压变异性(BPV)参数高于参照组,P<0.05;干预组血压负荷值(BPL)参数均高于参照组,P<0.05。结论 高血压患者开展24h动态血压监测能够准确掌握血压水平,便于临床医生观察患者靶器官受损或血压波动情况。
简介:摘要目的探讨24 h蛋白尿标本留取与保存的护理规范及其效果。方法运用循证方法得出初步证据并形成建议,制订24 h蛋白尿标本留取与保存护理规范,通过对护理人员进行标准化培训,进而在临床实施,比较室温使用硼酸、甲苯防腐与冰箱冷藏保存条件下,24 h后尿微量总蛋白的差异。结果在室温条件下保存24 h尿蛋白标本,使用硼酸和甲苯作为防腐剂保存24 h后,尿微量总蛋白(MPr)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);使用硼酸与冰箱冷藏保存24 h后,尿微量总蛋白(MPr)差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论应用循证实践方法,探索使用硼酸作为防腐剂保存24 h蛋白尿标本,既可保证检测结果的准确性,同时可减少潜在安全风险,提高医护人员工作效率和满意度。
简介:Duetolowactivationcharacteristics,desirablehigh-temperaturestrength,goodresistancetoradiationdamageandusablefabricationproperties,vanadium(V)alloysareattractivecandidatestructuralmaterialsforfusionreactors[1].Irradiationinducedhardening/embrittlementatlowtemperatureisamajorproblemforthematerialsapplicationinfusionreactor[2].Inthisstudy,H/Heionswithvariousenergieswereusedtoirradiateapurevanadium(V)andaValloy(V-4Ti)toobtainadamageplateaufromsamplesurfacetothedepthof1.5m,asshowninFig.1[3].Thedetailsofirradiationparameters(energies,fluences)forHandHeionsareshowninTable1.NanoindentationwasperformedtoinvestigatethehardeningbehaviorofV-4TialloyandpureVunderirradiation.