简介:这研究的目的是描绘元素的碳和器官的碳(EC和OC,分别地)喷雾器粒子(PM2.5)的内容在Tongliao收集了,在东北中国的HorqinSandland的一个地点。在春天2005期间,PM2.5集体集中是126±71μg·m?3,与更高的灰尘集中,在五期间,灰尘比在非尘封的天下暴雨(255±77对106±44μg·m?3)。在一个热/光的反射方法决定的PM2.5的平均OC和EC集中是15.7±7.3μg·m?3和3.3±1.7μg·m?3,分别地并且碳的喷雾器在正常的天与21.7%相比在灰尘暴风雨期间说明了9.9%PM2.5质量。到EC的OC的平均比率在灰尘暴风雨期间类似于在非尘封的天的那些,并且在OC和EC之间的关联系数高,0.86。高OC/EC比率,八碳部分的分布,和在有OC和EC的K之间的强壮的关系显示农村生物资源烧是到地区性的碳的喷雾器的主导的贡献者。
简介:Fieldmeasurementofstrongwindcharacteristicsisofgreatsignificanceforthedevelopmentofbridgewindengineering.LocatedineastChina,theRunyangSuspensionBridge(RSB)withamainspanof1490misthelongestbridgeinChinaandthethirdlongestintheworld.Duringthelastfouryears,theRSBhassufferedfromtyphoonsandstrongnorthernwindsonmorethantenoccasions.TodeterminethestrongwindcharacteristicsoftheRSB,windmeasurementdataobtainedfromfieldtestsduringstrongwindsanddatafromthewindenvironmentmonitoringsubsystemofthestructuralhealthmonitoringsystem(SHMS)oftheRSBwerecombinedtoanalyzethewindspeedanddirection,variationinwindspeedwithheight,turbulenceintensity,turbulenceintegrallength,windfrictionspeedandthepowerspectrum.Comparativestudiesonthecharacteristicsofthesedifferentstrongwindswerecarriedoutbasedonthecurrentwind-resistantdesignspecificationforhighwaybridges.ResultsshowedthatsomeregularityinwindcharacteristicscanbefoundinthesedifferenttyphoonspassingthroughtheRSB.Thedifferencebetweenastrongnorthernwindandatyphoonisrelativelyclear,andinsummerthetyphoonisthedominantwindloadactingontheRSB.Inaddition,thereweresomedifferencesbetweenthemeasuredstrongwindcharacteristicsandthevaluessuggestedbythespecification,especiallyinrespecttoturbulenceintensityandturbulenceintegrallength.ResultsprovidemeasurementdataforestablishingastrongwindcharacteristicdatabasefortheRSBandfordeterminingthestrongwindcharacteristicparametervaluesofthiscoastalareaineastChina.