简介:AIM:ToevaluatethecornealendothelialcelldensityandmorphologyinChinesepatientswithpseudoexfoliationsyndrome(PEX).·METHODS:Medicalrecordsof16patients(20eyes)withPEXwhopresentedtoourinstitutionbetweenJuly2008andJune2010wereretrospectivelyreviewed.Thirteeneyeshadcombinedglaucoma.Theinformationoffiveapparentlynormalfelloweyesinthesepatientswasalsorecorded.Lefteyesof20patientswithbilateralsenilecataractsbutnoothereyediseasewereincludedascontrols.Specularmicroscopywasperformedinalleyestoanalyzeforcornealendothelialcelldensityandmorphology.Celldensity,coefficientofvariationincellsize,andpercentageofhexagonalcellsincornealendotheliumwereevaluated.·RESULTS:ThemeancornealendothelialcelldensityinthePEXeyeswas2298±239cells/mm2,significantlylowerthanthatinthecataracteyes(2652±18cells/mm2,P=0.026),buttherewerenosignificantdifferencesincoefficientofvariationofcellsizeandfrequencyofhexagonalitybetweenthesetwogroups.NosignificantdifferencesinthethreeparameterswerefoundbetweentheapparentlynormalfelloweyesandthePEXeyesorthecataracteyes,orbetweenthePEXeyeswithandwithoutglaucoma.·CONCLUSION:CornealendothelialcelldensitymaydecreaseinChinesepatientswithPEX.ThedevelopmentofglaucomainPEXeyesdoesnotseemtoberelatedwiththechangeincornealendothelialcelldensityormorphology.
简介:目的:对影响糖尿病患者视网膜血管形态变化的相关因素进行分析。方法:选取2012-01/2016-09期间于本院就诊的2型糖尿病患者312例为研究对象。对患者进行、眼底摄片及相关实验室检查。以患者年龄、性别、病程、是否吸烟、饮酒,是否合并高血压、高血脂或糖尿病肾病等作为分组因素,比较不同组间患者出现视网膜血管形态变化的发生率,将有意义的因素再次引入Logistic回归方程,筛选出糖尿病患者视网膜血管形态变化的独立危险因素。结果:所选的312例2型糖尿病患者中,伴视网膜血管形态异常组169例,不伴视网膜血管形态异常组143例。单因素分析结果显示,年龄、病程、合并高血压、高血脂或糖尿病肾病与视网膜血管形态变化显著相关(P〈0.05),性别、是否吸烟、饮酒等与视网膜血管形态异常的发生无显著相关性(P〉0.05)。将发生视网膜血管形态异常作为因变量,上述具有统计学意义的分组因素作为自变量,经Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,病程、患者合并高血压或糖尿病肾病是发生视网膜血管形态异常的独立危险因素(P〈0.05)。结论:病程增加、患者合并高血压或糖尿病肾病是糖尿病患者发生视网膜血管形态变化的独立危险因素。早期诊断与干预,采取措施控制血压稳定,减少肾脏损害可降低视网膜血管病变的发生率,同时减少糖尿病所引发的大血管病变,减少心脑血管不良事件的发生。
简介:目的:探讨高度近视黄斑病变的光学相干断层扫描(OCT)和眼底荧光血管造影(FFA)的形态学特征、分类和对比分析。方法:对入选的高度近视黄斑病变患者61例101眼均行标准对数视力表检查,验光确定屈光度及最佳矫正视力(BCVA),并用IOL-Master测量眼轴长度。入选者需在同一天内行散瞳眼底检查、OCT及FFA检查,必要时行眼底联合造影(FFA&ICGA)。分析不同类型的OCT及FFA形态学特征之间的相互联系,并探讨其与屈光度、最佳矫正视力、眼轴长度及中心凹厚度之间的关系。结果:FFA分类的漆样裂纹型在OCT分类的1型中所占比例为57.14%,显著高于新生血管型和黄斑萎缩型(21.43%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。FFA分类的黄斑萎缩型在OCT分类的2型中所占的比例为67.80%,显著高于漆样裂纹型(18.64%)和新生血管型(13.56%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。OCT3型均属于FFA分类的黄斑萎缩型。OCT1型的屈光度、眼轴长度明显低于2型和3型,而最佳矫正视力和中心凹厚度则明显高于2型和3型。FFA的漆样裂纹型与新生血管型在屈光度及眼轴长度上虽无明显差异,但后者的BCVA及中心凹厚度显著低于前者(P<0.05)。漆样裂纹型及新生血管型的屈光度、眼轴长度均显著低于黄斑萎缩型,最佳矫正视力则明显高于黄斑萎缩型(P<0.05)。结论:高度近视黄斑病变的OCT和FFA形态学特征密切相关,结合OCT和FFA的图像特征对高度近视黄斑病变形态学改变进行对比分析,不仅有助于明确病变的性质,提高我们对疾病发病机制及预后转归的认识,更为临床诊疗提供了有力的支持。
简介:目的:了解我国Leber遗传性视神经病变(Leber'shereditaryopticneuropathy,LHON)线粒体DNA(mtDNA)14484位点突变患者的发病率和临床特征.方法:对来自117个家系的119例临床确诊或疑诊LHON的患者进行mtDNA检测.对3例证实为14484位点突变的家系做深入调查并收集相关病史及临床资料,抽取15例家属的血样进行mtDNA检测.结果:存在线粒体DNA突变的62例(62/119,52.1%)中,14484位点突变仅3例(4.8%).该3例3个家系56例中,28例有眼部症状,外显率50%.发病经过和临床表现类似11778位点突变的LHON,但其中视力恢复者17例(60.7%).15例家属的血样检测再次证实为14484位点突变.结论:我国LHON患者中14484位点突变者少见,其临床表现与11778位点突变者相似,惟视力恢复率高.
简介:目的比较急性中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)的患侧与对侧眼视网膜频域相干光断层扫描(OCT)的图像特征。方法应用频域OCT对30例(60眼)单眼发病急性CSC患者患侧和对侧眼的黄斑部视网膜显微结构进行检测,比较患侧组与对侧组黄斑中心凹外核层厚度、光感受器层(IS/OS层)、视网膜色素上皮(RPE)形态差异。结果所有30例患者患侧眼均有不同程度黄斑部视网膜浆液性脱离,对侧眼中有4眼(13.3%)存在轻度视网膜浆液性脱离;患侧组黄斑中心凹外核层厚度均值为(95.32±24.87)μm,对侧组为(98.80±14.36)μm,两组差异无统计学意义(t=1.627,P=0.110)。患侧组中IS/OS层厚度均匀一致者12眼(40.0%),对侧组20眼(66.7%);患侧组IS/OS层厚度均匀一致伴内外节缺损、不均、凸起增厚者共18眼(60.O%),对侧组共10眼(33.3%),差异有统计学意义(X2=4.28,P=0.038)。患侧组中出现RPE异常者有24眼(80.0%),对侧组中有8眼(26.7%),差异有统计学意义(x。=17.143,P=0.000)。结论频域OCT能清晰显示急性CSC患者的细微病理结构改变,单眼发病CSC患者中一部分对侧眼存在IS/OS层和RPE异常,但是其发生率较患侧眼低。(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2013,13:165—167)
简介:目的研究玻璃体切割术对晶体完整者角膜内皮细胞的早期影响。方法122例(131眼)行玻璃体切割术,其中无眼内充填46例(47眼),C3F8充填36例(38眼),硅油充填40例(46眼),分别在术前、术后1天、3天、5天和15天测量眼压、角膜内皮细胞密度、六角形细胞比例和变异系数。结果与术前相比,无眼内充填者眼压无明显改变,术后1天角膜六角形细胞百分数下降;C3F8充填术后1天眼压升高,角膜六角形细胞百分数术后1、3天下降;硅油充填术后1、3天眼压升高,角膜六角形细胞百分数术后1、3、5天下降;眼压升高与六角形细胞百分数下降显著相关。结论对于晶体完整者,玻璃体切割术后早期角膜内皮形态会受到一定的影响,可能主要由眼压及手术操作所致,在将眼压控制后,短期内即可恢复正常。
简介:AIM:Toinvestigatethefrequencyofidiopathicphacodonesis(IP)insenilecataractsubjectsandtheshort-termclinicaloutcomesfollowingcataractsurgery.METHODS:Thisinstitutionalcase-controlstudyincluded1301consecutivelow-incomecataractsubjectsfromJunetoNovember2009.Anteriorsegmentwerecarefullyevaluatedwithdilatedpupilunderslit-lamp.IPwerescreenedandgradedbyacriteriasetbytheauthors.Riskfactors,surgicaloutcomes,andoperativecomplicationswereanalyzed.RESULTS:Atotalof42subjects(3.2%)withIPwerediagnosedandclassifiedasgrade1(36subjects),grade2(5subjects)andgrade3(1subject).HarderlensesandintumescentcataractswereobservedintheIPgroupthanthecontrolgroup(P<0.05).Logisticsregressiontestalsoindicatedthemainriskfactorwasthehardnessofthelens.Theincidenceofzonulardialysisduringsurgerywas23.8%(10eyes),whichwassignificantlyhigherthanthecontrols(0.7%,P<0.001).Visualoutcomesofthetwogroupswerenotstatisticallyorclinicallysignificant.CONCLUSION:HardnucleusandintumescentcataractarerelatedtoIPinsenilecataractsubjectsinQinghai,China.Withmorecarebeingtaken,grade1andsomeofthegrade2IPsubjectsachievedsimilarsurgicaloutcomesascomparedtocontrols.
简介:<正>DearSir,IamDr.JingLi,fromtheDepartmentofOphthalmology,BeijingTongrenHospital,Beijing,China.IwanttopresentararecaseoforbitalRosai-Dorfmandiseasepresentingasunilaterallacrimalglandenlargementwithoutlymphadenopathyinvolvement.Rosai-Dorfmandiseaseisalsocalledsinushistiocytosiswithmassivelymphadenopathy(SHML),whichwasfirstdescribedbyRosaiandDorfmanin1969[1].Thisisarare,benign,idiopathichistiocyticproliferativedisorderthatoccurspredominantlyinchildren
简介:目的本文报道了12例同时性多灶性喉癌并通过分析其临床病理学特点,探讨多灶性喉癌的发生学来源.方法回顾性分析1991~2001年间我院行全喉切除术的12例同时性多灶性喉癌的TNM分期、肿瘤位置、大小、组织学类型、病理学分级以及病史等.结果同时性多灶性喉癌的发病率是1.4%(12/861).所有病理均为鳞状细胞癌.同一病例各病灶的组织学类型和病理学分级均相同.二病灶喉癌的发生率占总数的91.7%(11/12),仅一例为三病灶喉癌、67%(8/12)患者中二病灶分别位于双声带游离缘的对应处.3例(25%)有术前放疗史,1例术前曾行多次声带活检为不典型增生.所有病例术前均未诊断出多灶性.结论声门型同时性多灶性喉癌可能为单中心起源.腔内种植即声带振动时癌细胞从一侧声带游离缘种植到对侧接触损伤处,可能是喉癌多灶性的原因之一,放疗可能是多灶性喉癌的诱发因素.
简介:AIM:Toinvestigatethepossiblerelationshipbetweentheinfluencingfactorsoccurringbeforeandduringbirthinfull-terminfantsandtheoutcomeofretinopathy.·METHODS:Totally816full-terminfantsadmittedintheneonateintensiveunitofBoaiHospitalofZhongshanbetween1May,2008and30June,2011wereincludedinthestudy.Fundusexaminationwasperformedandevaluatedindividuallyonthemattheageof48hoursafterdelivery,2weeksand1month.Somepossibleriskfactorshappeningprenatallyorduringdeliverysuchaspregnantrelatedhypertension,placentaprevia,placentalabruptionetc,aswellassomeneonatalriskfactorssuchasneonatalasphyxia,hypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy(HIE),lowbirthweightetc,wererecordedandevacuated.Thentheeffectoftheriskfactorsoffull-terminfantsonretinopathywasstudied.·RESULTS:Theincidenceofretinalhemorrhageoffull-terminfantswithprenatalpregnantrelatedhypertension(PRH)ofthemother(43.6%)wassignificantlyhigherthanthatoffull-terminfantswithout(8.0%).(P<0.001).Theincidenceofretinalhemorrhageoffull-terminfantswithneonatalasphyxiaand/orhypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy(HIE)(29.3%)wassignificantlyhigherthanthatofthosewithout(15.7%),butcorrelationwasnotfoundbetweentheseverityofretinahemorrhageandthedegreeofhypoxicdisease.Apalecolorofopticdiscwasassociatedwithalowbirthweightoffull-terminfant.Full-terminfantswithbirthweighlessthan2500ghadasignificanthigherincidenceofretinopathythanthosewithbirthweightequalormorethan2500g(P<0.001).·CONCLUSION:Themaininfluencingfactorswhichleadtoretinopathyofhighriskfull-terminfantsareprenatalfactorssuchasPRH,andsomeneonatalriskfactorssuchasasphyxia,hypoxic-ischemicencephalopathy,andlowbirthweight.
简介:AIM:Toadaptthelowvision-relatedqualityoflife(LVQOL)instrumentintoTurkishlanguageandtoassessitsvalidityandreliability.METHODS:Thestudywasconductedin387patientsattendingtheCentreofLowVisionRehabilitation,FacultyofMedicine,AnkaraUniversity.Forstatisticalanalyses,theSpearman’scorrelationcoefficient,Cronbach’salphacoefficientandConfirmatoryFactorAnalysis(CFA)wereused.RESULTS:AccordingtoresultsofCFA,theiteminthe'Adjustment'subscalebecauseofhavingthefactorloadingbelow0.40,wasexcludedfromthequestionnaire.ThereliabilityofthequestionnairewasassessedaccordingtoCronbach’salphacoefficients.Thereliabilityofthe'DistanceVision,Mobility,andLighting'subscalewas?琢=0.863;ofthe'Adjustment'subscalewas?琢=0.694;'ReadingandFineWork'was?琢=0.791,and'ActivitiesofDailyLiving'was?琢=0.770.Sotheseresultsindicatethatthequestionnaireisreliabletomeasurethevisionrelatedqualityoflifeoflow-visionpatients.Thecorrelationsbetweenthesubscaleswerealsoanalyzed,andthecorrelationbetween'Adjustment'and'ReadingandFineWork'wasfoundtobethelowest(rs=0.336,P<0.001),whereasthestrongestcorrelationwasfoundbetweenthe'ReadingandFineWork',and'ActivitiesofDailyLiving'.Additionally,the'Adjustment'dimensionshowedthestrongestcorrelationwithonly'DistanceVision,Mobility,andLighting'dimension.CONCLUSION:Afterremovingthelastitemintheseconddimension,theTurkishadaptationofalldimensionsoftheLVQOLhasbeenshowntobereliable,validandsuitableforuseinpatientswithlowvisioninTurkey.
简介:目的分析常年性变应性鼻炎的狗、猫上皮变应原皮肤点刺试验的阳性结果,对其他气传变应原的反应性,并进一步探讨环境接触与其相关性。方法总结1022例常年性变应性鼻炎患者采用阿罗格叶7种气传变应原标准化试液进行的皮肤点刺试验;分析狗、猫上皮变应原的皮试结果及合并其他气传变应原阳性的比例;并根据是否有环境接触分类,比较各组在阳性率分布上的差异。结果常年性变应性鼻炎中狗上皮变应原皮试阳性占13.80%,猫上皮阳性占6.95%;且98%以上合并其他气传变应原阳性,尤以合并粉尘螨、屋尘螨阳性居多。其中21.93%和26.32%环境接触狗/猫的变应性鼻炎相应狗/猫上皮变应原皮试阳性;无环境接触组的阳性率分别为12.78%和6.58%,差异均有统计学意义(P〈0.01)。结论常年性变应性鼻炎的狗上皮及猫上皮的阳性率位居前列,其中绝大多数合并其他气传变应原阳性。鉴于环境接触对狗、猫上皮过敏的高危险性,变应性鼻炎患者应该尽可能地避免饲养、接触宠物。
简介:目的:研究2型糖尿病患者糖尿病性视网膜病变(diabeticretinopathy,DR)与干眼的相关性。方法:选取2015-08/2017-02于我院眼科门诊就诊的干眼患者资料,其中2型糖尿病无DR患者50例100眼,合并非增殖性视网膜病变者(nonproliferativediabeticretinopathy,NPDR)50例100眼、合并增殖性视网膜病变者(proliferativediabeticretinopathy,PDR)50例100眼,非糖尿病的干眼患者50眼作为对照组。分别行眼表疾病指数(ocularsurfacediseaseindex,OSDI)问卷、泪液分泌试验(SchirmerItest,SIt)、泪膜破裂时间(break-uptime,BUT)和角膜荧光染色(fluoresceinstaining,FL)检查。比较三组糖尿病患者干眼的患病率及各组干眼程度的差异性。结果:2型糖尿病患者中无DR眼、合并NPDR眼、合并PDR眼的干眼患病率分别为:44%、51%、59%。无DR干眼患者与对照组干眼程度、OSDI、SIt、BUT、FL差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。NPDR干眼患者较无DR干眼患者干眼程度更严重,OSDI、SIt、BUT、FL差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);PDR干眼患者较NPDR干眼患者干眼程度更严重,SIt、BUT、FL差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但OSDI评分低,与无DR干眼患者差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:2型糖尿病患者随着DR的发生与进展,干眼的患病率增加,干眼的严重程度也增加,但严重DR患者眼表不适症状可能减轻。