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500 个结果
  • 简介:在瞬息万变信息化社会里,加强医学生创新能力培养是适应医学发展必要条件。本文结合眼科学特点,初步探讨在眼科教学活动中医学生创新能力培养所存在问题和解决方案,为提高医学生创新能力,更好服务临床提供帮助。

  • 标签: 眼科学 创新能力 医学生
  • 简介:目的观察超声乳化手术治疗合并白内障闭角型青光眼疗效。方法对32例合并白内障闭角型青光眼行超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术,观察术前术后视力、眼压、房角等变化。随访时间312个月。结果术后平均眼压均较术前明显下降(P〈0.01),前房深度增加,房角加宽。结论超声乳化联合人工晶体植入术可作为闭角型青光眼治疗手段之一。

  • 标签: 闭角型青光眼 白内障 超声乳化白内障吸除术
  • 简介:目的分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(obstructivesleepapneahypopneasyndrome,OSAHS)各指标与听力变化之间关系。方法随机选取行多导睡眠监测OSAHS患儿62例,呼吸暂停低通气指数(apneahypopneaindex,AHI)大于等于532例为试验组,小于530例为对照组,同时行声导抗、瞬态诱发性耳声发射、畸变产物耳声发射及听性脑干反应、鼻咽侧位X线片、纤维鼻咽镜检查。结果两组问听性脑干反应V波阈值试验组左耳(31.85±14.07)dBnHL,右耳(33.50±12.68)dBnHL;对照组左耳(20.76±7.50)dBnHL,右耳(23.09±6.39)dBnHL,两组间左耳(P=0.003)、右耳(P=0.002)差异均有统计学意义。经非条件Logistic回归分析结果显示:变量AHI和声导抗声顺值是OSAHS患儿听力下降危险因素。结论缺氧是OSAHS患儿听力变化决定因素,对OSAHS患儿应尽早治疗。(中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志,2010,10:229-231)

  • 标签: 阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征 呼吸暂停低通气指数 听力下降 儿童
  • 简介:Massae先生(化名)是一位48岁农民,最近到坦桑尼亚一个三级眼科诊所就诊,主诉左眼眼痛、流脓、失明三个星期。在患病前几天,他在当地健康中心治疗(氯霉素滴眼液),但是症状持续加重。现在,他有大面积角膜溃疡

  • 标签: 角膜盲 预防 治疗 康复
  • 简介:目的为建立耳蜗Corti器及椭圆囊体外培养实验模型。方法离休Corti器及椭圆囊组织分别在DMEM+胰岛素+20%胎牛血清+葡萄糖培养基中培养9天Medium-199+10%胎牛血清培养基中培养20天,并与同期体内发育结果比较。结果培养组织生长良好,组织结构及细胞形态均得到较好保存,其细胞分化程度与体内同期类似,无退化现象。结论该方法不仅能使组织结构及细胞形态得到保存,而且保留了细胞活性,为耳毒性药物作用及机制、毛细胞再生研究提供了有实用价值实验模型。

  • 标签: CORTI器 椭圆囊 组织培养
  • 简介:AIM:Tocomparethetrabecularmeshwork(TM)andirisapoptosisoftreatedanduntreatedprimaryopenangleglaucoma(POAG)patients.METHODS:Eighttreatment-naive,newlydiagnosed(group1)and11medlcaiytreated(group2)patientswithPOAGwereincludedinthestudy.Eachpatientunderwentalimbus-basedtrabeculectomy.TheTMandperipheralirisspecimensweredissectedoutandweresnap-frozeninliquidnitrogenandstoredat-80tuntiltheywereassayed.ApoptosisineachgroupwasassesedbyTUNELmethod.RESULTS:Themeanpatientagewas60.6±5.8years(53-68years)vs58.9±8.9years(47-70years)ingroup1andgroup2(P=0.859).Themeantreatmenttimeingroup2was22.2±7.3months(12-34months).ApoptoticindexesinTMandirisweresignificantlyhigherinPOAGpatientsusingmedication(group2)comparedtotreatment-naivePOAGpatients(group1)(P=0.004,0.015;respectively).CONCLUSION:LongtermadministrationoftopicalantiglaucomamedicationscausesadditionaltoxiceffectsonTM.

  • 标签: GLAUCOMA TRABECULAR MESHWORK APOPTOSIS
  • 简介:目的:使用Pentacam三维眼前段分析仪比较高度近视眼与正常人(正视眼)中央前房深度(centralanteriorchamberdepth,CACD)前房角(anteriorchamberangle,ACA)两项前房参数差异,进一步了解高度近视眼解剖学特点。方法:收集2010-10/2011-06在我院门诊就诊正视眼82例,收集同期我院门诊与准分子激光中心就诊高度近视眼68例,采用Pentacam三维眼前段分析仪测量CACDACA。对高度近视组与正视眼组前房参数值进行两样本t检验,比较两组间参数有无差异。结果:Pentacam三维眼前段分析仪测得正常人CACD平均值为3.02±0.47mm,ACA平均值为33.26°±6.20°。高度近视眼CACD平均值为3.24±0.38mm,ACA平均值为39.55°±6.68°。高度近视眼与正视眼两项前房参数值均存在显著性差异(均P〈0.05)。结论:Pentacam三维眼前段分析仪测量前房参数,高度近视眼与正视眼相比中央前房深度深、前房角宽。

  • 标签: 中央前房深度 Pentacam三维眼前段分析仪 前房角
  • 简介:AIM:ToinvestigatetheexpressionsoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrinintheposteriorscleraofguineapigswithdefocusmyopiaandwhetherbasicfibroblastgrowthfactor(bFGF)injectioninhibitstheformationanddevelopmentofmyopiabyupregulatingtheexpressionoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrin.METHODS:After14daysoftreatment,therefractivestateandaxiallengthweremeasuredandthelevelsoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrinwereassayedintheposteriorscleraeofgroupsofguineapigsthatworeamonocular-7Dpolymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)lensorhad-7DlenswearfollowedbytheperibulbarinjectionofPhosphateBufferSolution(PBS)orbFGF.Theuntreatedfelloweyeservedasacontrol.Guineapigswithnotreatmentservedasnormalgroup.·RESULTS:Theresultsshowedthat14daysofmonoculardefocusincreasedaxialeyelengthandrefraction,whilebFGFdeliveryinhibitedthemmarkedly.Further,itwasalsofoundthatthemonocular-7DlenscoulddecreasethelevelsoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrinexpressions,while,unlikePBS,bFGFincreasedthemsignificantlyincomparisontocontralateralcontroleyesandnormaleyes.CONCLUSION:bFGFcanpreventtheformationanddevelopmentofdefocusmyopiabyupregulatingtheexpressionsoftypeIcollagen,α2integrinandβ1integrin.Takentogether,ourresultsdemonstratethatbFGFpromotesscleraremodelingtopreventmyopiainguineapigs.

  • 标签: DEFOCUS MYOPIA type collagen α2
  • 简介:<正>DirSir,IamdoctorGuo-YuanYang,fromtheDepartmentofOphthalmologyofWestChinaHospitalofSichuanUniversityinChengdu,SichuanProvince,China.Iwritetopresentacasereportofposteriorlentiglobuswithcataract.

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  • 简介:研究人工耳蜗听觉心理学中言语听辨言语跟踪,对人工耳蜗有效性评估听觉言语训练个分重要。本文报告2例有良好言语训练结果语前聋青年,在植入多道程控人工耳蜗后,疗效与文献报告语后聋相近。这项结果提示语前聋在儿童期实施有效言语训练,并坚持到成年,仍具有听系言语制约开发作用。文中讨论了言语跟踪试验有关问题。

  • 标签: 言语听辨 言语跟踪 耳蜗植入
  • 简介:如今,随着人们对视觉功能认识日益增强,视觉功能检查在临床科研中应用也越来越广。在临床中,除了眼科视光学常规检查外,视觉功能检查也非常重要。它是眼视光医师日常诊治基本手段,主要分为常规视觉功能临床检查基于心理物理学实验室测量两种。两种方法各有特点,它们适当结合分工,能使视觉功能检查更全面,更恰当地为临床及科研服务。

  • 标签: 视觉功能检查 调节 聚散 融像 心理物理学
  • 简介:“眼睛是心灵之窗”。眼病防治工作历来受到党和政府以及卫生部门关心支持。根据“1991—2000年上海市防盲初级眼保健规划”要求,十多年来,我区眼防工作在各级领导重视下,特别是在区卫生局、区民政局、区残联各街道通力协作下,我区广大眼病防治人员本着服务社区,服务居民宗旨,围绕着防盲治盲;社区、

  • 标签: 初级眼保健 防治工作 防盲治盲 上海市 老年人 眼病
  • 简介:AIM:Todefinetheultrasonographicstructureofnormallowereyelidanatomiccompartmentsandtheirspacialrelationshipindynamicmotion.METHODS:Highresolutionultrasound(15MHz)wasperformedonthelowereyelidsof7normalsubjects.Movementsofthelowereyelidanditscompartmentswerevisualizedwithultrasound.Inaddition,themaximalexcursionareaofthelowereyelidfatcompartmentsandretractormotionswasmeasuredbeforeandaftermotion.RESULTS:Theorbicularismusclecouldbeseenasanecholucentstructurebetweenthedermisandtheechodencefatpads.Lowereyelidfatpadseemstobedividedinto2compartmentsasrangeofmotionanddirectionofmovementofeachofthemvaries.Itseemsthatthesecompartmentshavealsodifferentbehavior.Themeasuredprofileareaofthevisiblenormallowereyelidfatpadsduringmovementofglobefromup-gazetodown-gazedecreasedby50%.Orderofmovementoflowereyelidstructuresseemstobeasfollows:afterglobemovementfistweseeretractormovement,anteriororbitalfatpad,thenskinandseptum,andfinallymovementofinferiorfatpad.CONCLUSION:Ultrasoundrepresentsanoninvasivetoolforthevisualizationoflowereyelidmorphology.Expandingitsapplicationcouldhelpusunderstandthecompartmentalchangesinphysiologicaleyelidmovement,inaginganddiseasedstudypopulations,aswellasassessoperativeoutcomes.

  • 标签: LOWER EYELID ULTRASONOGRAPHY DYNAMIC MOTION analysis
  • 简介:AIM:Toinvestigatetheefficacyofnon-buckledvitrectomywithclassicalendotamponadeagentsinthetreatmentofprimaryretinaldetachment(RD)complicatedbyinferiorbreaksandproliferativevitreoretinophathy(PVR).METHODS:Aretrospective,consecutiveandcaseseriesstudyof40patientswithinferiorbreakRDandPVR≥C1wasconducted.Allpatientsunderwentastandard3-port20-gaugeparsplanavitrectomy(PPV)withgasorsiliconeoiltamponadewithoutsupplementaryscleralbuckling.Thevitreousandallproliferativemembranewerecompletelyremoved,andretinectomywasperformedwhennecessary.Themeanfollow-upwas12.5months.Theprimaryandfinalanatomicsuccessrate,visualacuityandcomplicationswererecordedandanalyzed.RESULTS:Primaryanatomicsuccessratewasachievedin35of40eyes(87.5%)andthefinalanatomicsuccessratewas100%.ThemostcommoncauseofredetachmentwasrecurrentPVR.Thebest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA)atfinalfollow-upwasimprovedin34eyes(85%),remainedstablein1eye(2.5%),andworsenedin5eyes(12.5%).Themeanvisualacuityatfinalfollow-upwasimprovedsignificantly(P=0.000).CONCLUSION:ThisretrospectivestudyprovidesevidencethatvitrectomywithoutscleralbucklingseemedtobeaneffectivetreatmentforinferiorbreakRDwithPVR.Withcompleteremovalofvitreousandproliferativemembranesandtimingofretinectomy,theinferiorbreakswhichcomplicatedwithPVRcouldbeclosedsuccessfullywithoutadditionalscleralbuckling.

  • 标签: RETINAL DETACHMENT INFERIOR RETINAL BREAK PROLIFERATIVE
  • 简介:甲状腺癌是临床上常见恶性肿瘤,约占全身肿瘤1,3%,占头颈部肿瘤5.1%。病理类型分为乳头状腺癌(60%~80%)、滤泡状腺癌(20%)、髓样癌(3%-10%)及未分化癌(15%)。分化型甲状腺癌包括乳头状腺癌滤泡状腺癌,发病率高,生长缓慢,恶性程度较低。由于基层医院在术前诊断方面的欠缺,术中往往没有冷冻病理检查,造成手术不规范,需要再次手术修正。现对我院52例需再次手术分化型甲状腺癌病例进行分析,总结如下。

  • 标签: 分化型甲状腺癌 再次手术 乳头状腺癌 滤泡状腺癌 头颈部肿瘤 恶性肿瘤
  • 简介:角膜感染如果不能很快诊断恰当治疗,可使角膜失去透明性而致盲。“微生物性角膜炎”、“感染性角膜炎”“化脓性角膜炎”都是指角膜化脓性感染。在这篇文章里,我们使用“微生物性角膜炎”这一概念。这些感染特征是角膜实质层黄白色浸润,伴或不伴角膜上皮缺损,常有炎性反应。(图1)微生物性角膜炎最常见主诉如下(包括不同严重程度):·眼红·疼痛·视物模糊·畏光·流泪这篇文章将回顾细菌性真菌性角膜炎,

  • 标签: 微生物性 角膜感染 角膜实质层 细菌性角膜溃疡 角膜上皮 结膜瓣遮盖