(潍坊科技学院,山东 寿光 262700)
摘要:《英语泛读教程》是英语专业学生的基础课教材,但是里面的文章往往太长,内容太难,生词量大,学生在阅读中困难很多,兴趣不高。本文尝试从文学欣赏的角度,挖掘材料的可读性,激发学生阅读的兴趣,使学生享受阅读的快乐,从而对阅读材料做到懂、透、化,提高阅读能力。
关键词:文学欣赏视角,处理,阅读材料
《英语泛读教程》是英语专业学生的基础课教材,但是教材里编录的阅读材料不仅篇幅太长,而且长难句多、生词超多。有的文章晦涩难懂、内容枯燥,比如科普、新闻、悬疑科幻类题材的文章。学生阅读的障碍很多,享受不到阅读的快乐,久而久之就失去了学习兴趣。如何破解英语阅读教学中的这个局面呢?这就需要教师充分发挥导学的作用,采用多变的教法,开展兴趣阅读,探索多样的课堂阅读模式。不妨尝试从文学欣赏的视角,发掘材料的文学性,提升阅读材料的趣味性、易读性和可接受性,引导学生发现语言的美感,轻松阅读、快乐阅读,从而达到对阅读材料的理解-欣赏-分析-评价,提高英语阅读能力。
一、文学欣赏的定义
文学是一种与语言有关的艺术。文学性,是指诗人作家内心情、象、意之艺
术化的语言表现。文学欣赏是指读者自发地通过自己的思维方式来感受作者的创作过程,体会语言的张力和活力,品味字里行间的弦外之音,在某种程度上升华作品的艺术性从而达到共鸣。
二、文学欣赏的作用
文学欣赏是一种反复思考的过程。读者通过文学欣赏,不仅可以学到词汇的
丰富用法,包括对句法构式、修辞格式、意象与构思等层面的理解和领会,还可以学习和借鉴作家驾驭语言的创造力和表现力,感受西方文化的精髓,增强英语思维意识,甚至可以使自己的思维方式发生改变。这种文学欣赏的心灵体验之旅极大地提高学生的英语学习兴趣和主观能动性,有助于学生对英语语言驾驭能力的提高,为英语教学带来巨大的实用价值。
三、从文学欣赏视角看《英语泛读教程1》 Unit 10 London 的材料处理
下面以高教出版社Extensive Reading 1(第三版) Unit 10 London为例,教师可以从时间和空间两个维度,对材料做文学性分析,引导学生发现语言的艺术表现力和美感。基于文学视角将长难句覆盖下的伦敦揭开面纱后,学生就在不知不觉中游历伦敦了。
下面就是基于文学视角的长难句描述的伦敦概貌。
伦敦,是多少人心中的圣地,它是历史之城、现代之城、旅游之城、政治之城、文化之城。文章对伦敦的描述不是一个平面图,而是多维的。读者对它的体验,既有物理的又有精神的。从历史沿革、地面建设、空间鸟瞰逐层写;然后写其文化、政治、艺术,使伦敦变成一个充满动态感、富有人情味的多姿多彩的大都市。中间写到伦敦的绿地给喧嚣的城市涂抹了一层静谧的神采,以绿地公园、圣吉姆斯公园和海德公园为代表。这些公园里,不仅拥有令人心旷神怡的绿色,更有无与伦比的雕塑、喷泉,可以载游客游览的复古马车,落叶缤纷的小径,自由演讲之角。。。引人无限遐思。现代与古老的结合,时间与空间交融,使人觉得这个城市平易近人。伦敦,并非冰冷的水泥之城,并非高高在上的政治之城,并非达官贵人的安居之城,里面的切尔西区虽然是富人区,但是穷人借助政府的救济,也能在这里舒适地生存。特拉法尔加广场,其著名的喷泉和与人和平共处的数量众多的广场鸽,为人们的休闲娱乐提供了舒适、安逸的场所;收藏了名家艺术珍品的国家画廊,接受民间捐赠的泰特画廊,因其免门票,来这里接受艺术熏陶的人络绎不绝,伟大的艺术作品以其不朽的价值服务社会,源源不断地向社会传递着美、正义、创新的能量。不懂艺术普通人也可以感受到艺术的美好,所以民间收藏家往往死后将其一生的珍藏品无偿捐赠给这些画廊,从而形成良性循环。所以,伦敦的亲民之处是其最令人向往的地方。
四、教学效果
从文学欣赏的角度讲材料处理后,整篇课文变得简单而美好,变成了一篇趣味盎然的游记。学生带着兴趣,在阅读中找出美好的句子,欣赏长难句的文学性和口语化特点,整体化理解课文。教师在讲授过程中再辅以PPT, 把课文中提及的景点、建筑物及其用途以图片展示出来,并适当对课文内容做补充。课堂内容丰富生动起来,师生好像同游伦敦,达到了亲临其境的效果。
五、结语
教无定法,但教必有法。目前英语专业的学生,其阅读能力的培养很大比重来自《英语泛读教程》中的材料。面对其面目可憎的长难文章,如果教师善于从文学欣赏的角度引导学生(discovery-presentation-production发现-展示-产出),必能唤起学生的阅读兴趣,从而循序渐进地做到深入阅读、理解、欣赏、思考、评价。。。。。。从而达到我们所期盼并一直为之努力的自主阅读、自主学习境界。
附:原文(摘录):
Unit 10 London
When we think of Paris, Rome, Madrid, Athens and other European capitals, we think of them as “cities”. When we think of the whole of modern London that great area covering several hundred square miles, we do not think of it as a “city”, not even as a city and its suburbs.
The first Norman king, William the Conqueror, was crowned in 1067 in Westminster Abbey. For hundreds of years the Tower was used as a prison, and visitors today may see the exact spot where many great nobles were executed. The most popular sight, however, is probably the strongly guarded room in which the Crown jewels are kept and displayed.
Because Henry VIII was fond of hunting, we have today, three parks that form a large area of green: St. James’s Park, the Green Park, and Hyde Park.
The name “West End” came to be associated with wealth, comfort, and goods of high quality. Here most of the streets are narrow, and traffic is often very slow. Many of these narrow streets run down to the Thames, and at the end of many of them warehouses can be seen. The city is concerned with finance, but it is also a market for goods of almost every kind, from all parts of the world.
The London County Council, established in 1889, was replaced in 1965 by a new system of local government called the Greater London Council. Within its boundaries there are thirty-two London Boroughs, each with its own mayor and council. It is the Greater London Council, however, that is responsible for many of the public services. It is responsible for roads, housing, fire services, parks and open spaces, and town planning.
参考文献:
[1] 刘乃银主编.英语泛读教程.1/ --3版[Z],--北京:高等教育出版社,2011.4 (2011.5重印)。
[2] 于慧. 图示理论与大学英语教学[J]. 新疆财经学院学报,2003,(3).
[3] 陈红.外语教学中的文学观[J].外语与外语教学,2002(2).
To Process the Long Difficult Material in Extensive Reading Based on Literary Appreciation Perspective
------Taking Unit 10 London as a Case
ZHAO Ye-fan
(Weifang University of Science and Technology, Shouguang 262700, Shandong province )
Abstract: Extensive Reading is the basic course for English majors. But usually the materials are too long, too difficult with too many new words. Thus causes a lot of difficulties in reading, and implicates students’ reading interests. This paper suggests igniting student’s interests by processing the reading material from the literary appreciation perspective.
Key Words: literary appreciation perspective, process, reading material
作者简介:赵叶帆(1970.10---),女,山东省寿光市人,潍坊科技学院教师。研究方向:语言学与英语教学。电话 15065657088
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