简介:这篇文章与库仑潜在的x考虑3D-Hartree-type方程的一个家庭(?1),其起始的数据震荡以便一苛性出现。在线性几何光学盒子中,由使用Lagrangian积分,对答案在外面的一致描述苛性、近苛性被获得。给词调音:Hartree方程;几何光学;Lagrangian积分
简介:Parameterquantificationprincipleofthree-dimensional(3-D)fluorescentspectrumanditsrealizationtechniquearestudied.Thepotablefiberopticfluorescentmeasurerformineraloilisgiven.Threeparametersoftheexcitinglightwavelength.theeavelengthandtheintensityofthefluorescentlightexcitedbythemeasuredoilareexpressedwith3-Dcoordinatesandareprocessedsoastobesampledagainandtobecurvefitted.
简介:1999年完成了埃及苏伊士湾0ctoberJNubia油藏的多学科深入研究。虽然与苏伊士湾石油公司的其它油田相比,Nubia油田较小(只有7口工作井,原始石油地质储量为1.32亿bbl),但是,这项研究工作证明是很有价值的,找出了3个开发远景区块,对它们均巳钻开发井,日产油量增加6000bbl,石油储量增加660万bb1。多学科研究组建立了一个综合3—D可视化油藏特性模型,该模型是了解油藏体积和动态的优秀模型。它为在3—D背景下了解流体穿过断层运移的特征提供了所需工具。构造分析从重新解释全油田3—D地震数据集开始。然后往构造模型中输入岩石物理参数,以便生成油藏特性模型。大范围的油藏动态制图,也有助于我们了解油藏内的流体流动状况和识别未波及产层的面积。例如,对14个油组绘制的含水率图有助于确定水浸的主要通道。该油藏为一个倾斜断块,面积为750英亩。产层为石炭纪Nubia砂岩,平均产层总厚度为600ft,产层有效厚度为357ft,孔隙度为23%,渗透率在lD范围之内。这个油田具有相当强的天然水驱,这有助于保持油藏压力高于泡点压力。即使据预测该油藏中的原始石油地质储量的采出程度巳达到48%,但是通过开展3—D油藏描述和油藏管理研究,找出了3个水区波及效果差的区块。据估算,对3个远景区块进行钻探,可增采900万bbl风险加权储量。此外,详细的油层动态分析有助于确定现有井的射孔和波及作业方案,由此可增采300万bbl原油。所建立的油藏特性模型和所编制的油藏开发方案对在今后几年里管理该油藏是大有稗益的。
简介:Ageneralizedbendflowmodel,treatinga90°singlebendand60°continuousbends,wasdesignedtoquantitativelydescribe3-Dturbulencemechanismofcirculatingnot-fully-developedflowinopenchannelswithbends.The3-Dfluctuatingvelocitiesofturbulentflowweremeasuredandanalyzedwitha3-Dacoustic-Dopplervelocimeter.Formulafor3-Dturbulentintensitywasderivedusingthedimensionanalysisapproach.Expressionsofverticalturbulent-intensitydistributionswereobtainedwiththemultivariant-regressiontheory,whichagreewithexperimentdata.Distributionsofturbulentintensityandturbulentstresswerecharacterized,andtheirrelationshipswereconcluded.Inthebend-turbulent-flowcoreregion,longitudinalandlateralturbulent-intensitydistributionsarecoincidentwithlineardistribution,butinnear-wallregionarecoincidentwiththeGammadistribution.VerticalturbulentintensitydistributionsarecoincidentwiththeRayleighdistribution.Herein,itisconcludedthatthebendturbulenceisanisotropic.
简介:Atopologymethodispresentedinthispapertorevealflowtructureoccurringinsieturbomachinery,inwhichnearwallflowstructureisrevealedbyusingwalllimitingstreamilinesandspaceflowfeatureisrevealedbyusingspacestreamilinesandcross-sectionstreamlines,Asanexample,acomputationalthree-dimensionalviscousflowfieldinsideatransonicturbinecascadeisstudied.Throughtheanalysis,theformandevolutionofvortexsystemandthewholeprocessofseparationoccurringwithinthiscascadearerevealed.Theapplicationoftopologymethodforanalyzeflowstructureinsideturbomachinmeryisveryimportantforunderstandingflowfeaturesandmechanismofflowlossevenforimprovingthedesignofturbomachineryandincreasingitsefficiency.
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简介:Preliminaryresultof3DgravitationalforwardcalculationstudyinBohaiSeaGUANGXIALIU1)(刘光夏)WENJUNZHAO2)(赵文俊)WENJUREN1)(任文菊)XIU...
简介:The3-Dturbulentgas-particleflowsinaninnovativecombustorcalled“Spouting-CycloneCombustor”aresimulatedusingak-ε-Aptwo-phaseturbulencemodel.Theresultsshowthat:(1)THepredictedresultsinthespoutingzoneareingoodagreementwiththeexperimentalones;thepredictedgasflowfieldinthecyclonezoneisneartothatmeasured;(2)Inthespoutingzone,thereisalarge-sizegasparticlerecirculationzoneandasmall-sizeoneinthex-rplane,whichisfavorabletoburningcoarsecoalparticles;Inalmosteveryr-θplane,thereareseveralgas-particlevortices,whichisbeneficialtothemixing,heatandmasstransferbetweentwophases,thus,tothetwo-phasecombustion.(3)Thereisremarkablevelocityslipbetweengasandparticlephases;(4)Inthecyclonezone,predictionsshowtheoccurrenceofrecirculatingsecondaryflowsandcounterswirlingflowsinsomecrosssections,suchphenomenaaredifficulttobeobservedbyexperimentalmethods.
简介:Thenonstaggeredgridsareadoptedinthispaperforsolvingthegoverningequationsofflowsinthecurvilinearcoordinatesystems.Thepresentpaperdemonstratesthebasicreasonandcorrespondingeliminatingmethodforthepressureoscillation,anddeducesthecorrectedexpressionsforthecurvilinearvelocitycomponentsinwhichandadditionaltermrepresentingthedifferencebetweenthe1-δand2-δdifferencevaluesforthepressuregradientappears.Thusifanoscillatorypressurefiledwerearisen,themagnitudeofthistermwouldbelargeandwouldacttoremovetheoscillation;whereasfornonoscillatoryfieldthemagnitudeofthistermremainssmall.Asexaminationforthenumericalmethod3-Dturbulentflowinasquareductwith90°bendand3-Dturbulentmixinglowinalobed-mixerwerecalculatiedrespectively.Thenumericalresultsaresatisfactory.
简介:Themillrollerbeatingismadeupofaninternalring,middlerollsandanexternalring,theanalysisofwhiehisamulti-bodiescontactproblem.Inthispaper,basedonthethree-dimensionalelasticcontactBEMwithoutfriction,andusingthestructuralcharacteristicsofrollerbearings,middlerollsarede-scribedbyelasticplateunitsofdifferentshapes,whichisplacedontheinternalring.Thediscontinuoustractionproblemofthecontactelementcanbedealtwithbythetractionsub-elementmethod.Thereforethecontactproblemcanbechangedfroinoneofmulti-bodiestooneoftwo-bodies.Asanelasticdeformationoftheplateelement,itcanbecalculatedbyanelasticcontactformulaandisregardedananequivalentgaptobeputintothetotalmatrixequality.Theface-to-facecontactconditionofdisplacementandtractionontheelementwillnerveastheconvergencejudgingcondition.Soconvergencesolutioncanbeobtainedbeforeanygeometryinconsistentonthecontactelementmaytakeplace.Therefore,thethree-dimensionaldistributionofloadofthemillrollerbearingcanbeachieved,Ithasbeenprovedthatthecalculatingmodelofthismethodisvisualizedandsimple,haslastconvergencesolutionandhigheraccuracy,makingitaneffectivenumericalmethodofdesigningandanalyzingloadcharacteristicsofthemillrollerbearing.
简介:Combinedmulti-bodydynamicswithstructuraldynamics,anewdiscreteelementwithflexibleconnector,whichisapplicablefor3-Dbeamstructures,isdevelopedinthispaper.Boththegeneralizedelasticcoefficientmatrixoftheflexibleconnectorandthemassmatrixofdiscreteelementmaybeoff-diag-onalinageneralcase.Thezero-lengthrigidelementisintroducedtosimulatethenodeatwhichmultipleel-ementsarejointedtogether.Itmayalsobeeffectivewhentheaxesofadjacentelementsarenotinthesameline.Theexamplesforeigenvaluecalculationshowthatthemodelissuccessful.Itcanbeextendedtothegeometricnonlinearresponseanalysis.
简介:胃癌淋巴结转移是影响预后的重要因素,以彻底清扫胃周淋巴结为主的胃癌根治术,使胃癌的外科治疗取得了长足的进步.这在世界多数国家基本达成共识.唯西方少数国家对D2根治术作为进展期胃癌标准术式持反对意见,认为D2根治术后并发症高于D1根治术,而二者5年生存率相似,尤其对D3扩大淋巴结清扫术争议较大.60年代以来,日本首先倡导D2、D3胃癌扩大淋巴结清扫术,经过30余年积极的临床实践,Marayama等报告了Ⅱ、ⅢA期胃癌5年生存率分别从61%和39%提高到76%和63%,其他日本医疗单位也相继报告了令人羡慕的结果.正如王舒宝教授所言,我科1978年在国内首先引进日本胃癌D2、D3淋巴结清扫术,多年来手术医生相对固定,配合密切,术式及方案统一,共施行胃癌根治手术3000余例,经统计,根治术后5年生存率:60年代为19.6%,70年代为38.5%,80年代为57.6%,90年代达到63.7%.结果显示,自开展D2、D3手术以来,5年生存率提高近20%,而手术并发症及死亡率并未增加[1].其结果与西方报告的结果和观点差异较大.近年来,通过国内外学术交流或商榷,认识逐渐趋于一致,即手术方案的合理化、规范化和个体化是提高手术疗效的关键.所谓手术方案合理化应具备以下4个条件:①病人自身条件是手术安全性和根治性的基础;②病期是设计手术方案的依据;③肿瘤自身的生物学行为是进行个体化治疗的关键;④医生的技术及设备条件是D2、D3手术得以实施的保证.20年来我们针对淋巴结转移规律的研究证明,胃癌的淋巴结转移主要受病期早晚和癌肿自身生物学行为影响.因此,病期和生物学行为是选择D2、D3手术的主要依据.