简介:Chemicalreductionmethodwasemployedtopreparenano-sizedSn2SbNialloycompositesusedasanodematerialforrechargeablelithiumionbatteries.Thisstrategywasadoptedtocombinethevirtuesofbothactive/inactiveandactive/activealloystofabricateaSn2SbNialloypowderwithtwoactivecomponentsandoneinactivecomponent.Thetwoactivecomponentscanrealizethehighcapacityfeatureofelectrodeandcanmakethevolumechangeofelectrodetakeplaceinastepwisemannerduetothedifferentlithiationpotentialsoftwoactivecomponents,leadingtoastablecyclingperformance.Sn2SbNialloyprovidesareversiblespecificcapacityover640mA·h/gwithanexcellentcyclicability.TheSn-Sb-Nialloycompositematerialshowstobeagoodcandidateanodematerialforthelithiumionbatteries.
简介:ThermodynamicmodelsofcalculatingmassactionconcentrationsforstructuralunitsorioncouplesinRbCl-H2ObinaryandRbCl-RbNO3-H2Oternarystrongelectrolyteaqueoussolutionsweredevelopedbasedontheionandmoleculecoexistencetheoryat298.15K.Atransformationcoefficientisneededtocomparethecalculatedmassactionconcentrationandthereportedactivitybecausetheyareobtainedatdifferentstandardstatesandconcentrationunits.TheresultsshowthatthetransformationcoefficientsbetweenthecalculatedmassactionconcentrationsandthereportedactivitiesofthesamestructuralunitsorioncouplesinRbCl-H2ObinaryandRbCl-RbNO3-H2Oternarystrongelectrolyteaqueoussolutionschangeinaverynarrowrange.ThetransformedmassactionconcentrationsofstructuralunitsorioncouplesinRbCl-H2Obinarysystemareingoodagreementwiththereportedactivities.ThetransformedmassactionconcentrationsofRbClandRbNO3inRbCl-RbNO3-H2Oternarysolutionarealsoingoodagreementwiththereportedactivities,aRbCland3RbNOa,withdifferenttotalionicstrengthsas0.01,0.05,0.1,0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,3.0and3.5mol/kg,respectively.AllthoseresultsmeanthedevelopedthermodynamicmodelofstrongelectrolyteaqueoussolutionscanreflectstructuralcharacteristicsofRbCl-H2ObinaryandRbCl-RbNO3-H2Oternarystrongelectrolyteaqueoussolutionsandthemassactionconcentrationalsostrictlyfollowsthemassactionlaw.
简介:使用不同成分的Zn-Al钎料对铜铝异种金属进行火焰钎焊,研究其力学性能。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱研究不同Zn-Al钎料对Cu/Al钎焊接头钎焊性、力学性能及显微组织的影响。结果表明:随着Al含量的增加,Zn-Al钎料在Cu和Al上的铺展面积逐渐增大。当钎料中Al含量为15%时,Cu/Al接头的抗剪强度达到最大值88MPa;随着组织的变化,钎缝硬度值呈现HV122到HV515不等的分布。另外,钎缝组织的成分主要为富Zn相和富Al相,但是当钎料中Al含量为2%和15%以上时,靠近Cu侧的界面处会分别形成CuZn3和Al2Cu两种完全不同的金属间化合物。研究Zn-Al钎料中铝含量对Cu/Al接头界面化合物类型的影响。
简介:利用聚合物泡沫采用压力浸渗铸造工艺制备开孔泡沫铝。所制备的泡沫铝能够很好地复制聚合物泡沫的几何尺寸。开孔泡沫铝的强度比闭孔泡沫铝的低很多,从而得到更多的应用。添加陶瓷颗粒可以改善泡沫铝的力学性能。本研究中,向AC3A铝合金中添加SiC颗粒得到复合材料泡沫。在复合材料泡沫中,SiC颗粒嵌入在合金基体中及孔筋表面。高体积分数的陶瓷颗粒使合金泡沫铝的压缩强度、能量吸收、显微硬度增大。这些性能的改善归结为于泡沫铝的结构改变以及SiC颗粒存在于结点和孔筋处而引起的强度增加。
简介:多层的Nb2O5部nanoporous电影被控制阳极化过程成功地在包含4的乙烯乙二醇在Nb表面上综合?vol%HF并且2?vol%H2O2电解质。nanoporous电影被地排放扫描详细描绘电子显微镜学(FESEM),传播电子显微镜学(TEM),和X光检查衍射(XRD)。Nb2O5部nanoporous电影与~的方面墙厚度有多层的形态学5?nm,有~的一条直径的不规则的毛孔25?nm,并且一段多达7.39?m,取决于阳极化时间。为多层的Nb的机制<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>2O<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>5nanoporous形成也被讨论。这些nanoporous材料能在太阳能电池,煤气的传感器,催化剂,光过滤器,和电容器的地里是很有用的。
简介:LiCoO2thinfilms,whichcanbeusedasacathodematerialinmicrobatteries,weredepositedusingradiofrequency(r.f.)magnetronsputteringsystemfromaLiCoO2targetandinanO2+Aratmosphere.ThefilmswerecharacterizedbyvariousmethodssuchasXRD,SEMandAFM.TheLiCoO2filmswereannealedinairat300,500,700and800℃respectively.Theeffectoftheannealingtemperatureonthestructure,thesurfacemorphologyandtheelectrochemicalpropertiesofthefilmswereinvestigated.TheLiCoO2thinfilmdepositedatroomtemperatureisamorphousandhassmallergrainsize.Withincreasingofannealingtemperature,thecrystallinityofthefilmsispromoted.Whentheannealingtemperatureincreasesto700℃,thefilmshaveaperfectcrystallineLiCoO2phase.TheLiCoO2thinfilmwithoutannealinghasnodischargeplateauandsmalldischargecapacity(about27μAh·cm-2μm).Thedischargecapacityincreaseswiththeincreasingofannealingtemperatureandreaches47μAh·cm-2μmforthefilmannealedwith700℃,whichalsoshowsthetypicaldischargeplateauof3.9V.ThecycleperformanceofLiCoO2thinfilmsofasgrownandannealedatdifferenttemperatureswerestudied.Inthecaseofthefilmwithoutthermaltreatment,thecapacityfadingismuchfasterthanthatofthefilmannealedatdifferenttemperature,showingabout40%capacitylossonlyafter25cycles.However,inthecaseofthefilmannealedat700℃,thecapacityreachestosteadystategraduallyandmaintainedconstantlywithcycling.After25timescycling,thedischargecapacityofthefilmannealedat700℃decreasestoabout36.9μAh·cm-2·μm,only0.8%capacitylosspercycle.
简介:ThispaperintroducesabrazingprocessbetweenAl_2O_3ceramicandInvaralloy.Al_2O_3canbebrazedwithInvareffectively.TheinterfacialstructureofAl_2O_3/Invarjointcanbeexpressedas:Invar/Ag(s,s)+Cu(s,s)+Fe_2Ti(zoneⅠ)/Ag(s,s)+Cu(s,s)+Fe_2Ti+NiTi+Cu_3Ti(zoneⅡ)/Ag(s,s)+Cu(s,s)+Cu_2Ti+Al(s,s)+TiC+TiO(zoneⅢ)/Al_2O_3.Themaximumshearstrengthof139MPawasmeasuredforas-brazedAl_2O_3/Invarjointbrazedat850℃for25minor900℃for15min.
简介:InordertoimprovethehydrogenstoragepropertiesofLiBH_4-MgH_2composite,twodifferentkindsofNb-basedcatalysts,NbCandNbF_5,wereaddedtoLiBH_4-MgH_2compositebyballmilling,andtheeffectofcatalystsonhydrogenstoragepropertiesofthemodifiedLiBH_4-MgH_2systemwasinvestigated.TheexperimentalresultsshowthatLiBH_4-MgH_2compositeisatwo-stepdehydrogenationprocess,andNb-basedcompoundscanremarkablyenhanceitsdehydrogenationkinetics.Forthecompositewithoutadditionofcatalysts,thestartingdecompositiontemperatureforthefirstdehydrogenationstepisaround320℃,andthereisalongperiodofincubationtime(around220min)fortheoccurrenceoftheseconddecompositionstepevenathightemperatureof450℃.Itneedsmorethan10htocompletethedecompositionprocessandreleasearound9wt%H_2.Afteradditionof5mol%NbF_5,thestartingdecompositiontemperatureforthefirstdehydrogenationstepisaround150℃,thereisnoincubationtimefortheseconddecompositionstep,andittakesaround40mintocompletethesecondstepandreachesatotaldehydrogenationcapacityof9.5wt%.NbF_5hasbettercatalyticeffectthanNbC.Basedonthehydrogenation/dehydrogenationbehaviorsandstructuralvariation,themechanismofcatalyticeffectwasdiscussed.
简介:ScanningElectronMicroscopyStudiesofYBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)SuperconductorsShaWei(沙维)(DepartmentofCivilEngineering,TheQueen′sUniversit...