简介：在卢旺达在穆哈齐湖承担的这研究的目的是决定并且分析在水里在场的主要元素。许多主要元素的存在(艾尔，同样Ba，C，Ca，Cu，Fe，H+,K，Mg，Mn，N，P，S，Si，和Zn)被分光镜的技术决定。元素的集中在从5月从湖的三个不同地点带去2008年8月的水样品被测量。湖走水路被弄脏从包围湖的山方面的流动。污染的另外的原因能是在糖陆地的农业化肥的使用，它包围湖，并且人的活动接近湖。最后，我们建议了能被使用以便保证环境的好保存并且阻止重材料的扩大进湖的策略。

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简介：TheHydrobiosinDongpingLake,ShandongProvince,mainlyincludesphytoplankton,zooplankton,benthicanimals,fishesandhydrophyticvascularplants.Nitrogenandphosphorusaretherestrictivefactorsforthegrowthandpropagationofhydrophyta,thereforethekeytothepreventionandcontrolofeutrophicationinlakesliesinthecontrolofthecontentsofthetwoelementsinthewater.Artificialfishingofalgaecanreducetheconcentrationsoftrophicsubstancessuchasnitrogenandphosphorusinthewaterbodies,andbiologicalmeasuresmaydecreasethecontentsofthesetrophicsubstancesinthebottomsedimentsandthewaterbodies,therebyplayinganactiveroleinmodifyingtheeutrophicationofthelake.

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简介：Basedonacomprehensiveanalysisonvariousclassificationsofnaturalresourcevalues,thispapersummarizesanecologicalservicessystemofconstructedwetland(CW)ecosystemsfortheaccountingofecologicaleconomicvalue.Withtheresearch,thewetlandecosystemservicescanbeclassifiedintosixcategories,thatiswastetreatment,foodandmaterialproduction,watersupply,gasregulations,disturbanceandwaterregulations,habitatandrefugeprovision.Fordecisionmakingintermsofenvironmentaleconomicsforwetlandconstruction,ecosystemservicesvalueforthewetlandinSuzhouTaihuLakeNationalTouristandHolidayResortisaccountedfor7,088,769USD/yrthroughEnvironmentalEconomicsAnalysis.Ecosystemservicesvalueofwastetreatmentis825,000USD/yr,thatoffoodandmaterialproductionis1,430USD/yr,thatofwatersupplyis4,752,000USD/yr,thatofgasregulationis2,251USD/yr,thatofdisturbanceandwaterregulationsis1,3721USD/yr,andthatofhabitatandrefugeprovisionvalueis1,494,367USD/yr.TheecosystemservicesvaluesofapilotconstructedwetlandinSuzhouarecomparedwiththoseofotherwetlandsasameanandofatypicalhuman-interferedwetlandinWenzhouofChina.Resultsshowthatinbothfiniteandinfinitetimehorizonsconsidered,thewetlandinSuzhouTaihuLakeNationalTouristandHolidayResorthasthelargestservicesvalue.ThispaperanalyzesalltheprobabilitythatmayweakenthevalueoftheSuzhouTaihuWetlandinordertoprovidesomeadvicesforthewetlandprotection.

简介：经由到河口的河的器官的碳的运输是在全球碳周期的一个重要geochemical过程。这份报纸论述体积总数从Dongjiang集水的器官的碳(TOC)到邻近的Humen插头，并且在表面沉积为有机物的来源作为指示物讨论13C的适用性和碳的比率到氮(C/N)。调查结果证明在夏天的器官的碳集中比在冬季高。TOC的一个提高的趋势在调查，和最高吝啬的价值沿着河发生了到Humen插头溶解，特别的器官的碳(DOC279摩尔L1和POC163摩尔L1)在夏天洪水流动在城市的三角形的区域被观察。冬季样品有大量13C和C/N(13C24.6～30.0，C/N413)，并且夏天一稍微变化了(13C24.2～27.6，C/N618)。当结果建议在upstream-delta-outlet的三个地区的那个停靠港主导地来自河岸土壤，浮游植物和农业C3在冬季种，而主要来源在夏天从河岸和红树属植物土壤。而且，人为的污水输入有11%和7%贡献到停靠港在三角形并且插头。伴有季节的淡水变化，浮游植物生产和降级的运输，和移动行为引起了器官的碳集中的变化。结果也发现在Dongjiang的那TOC出口体积是在干燥流动的Humen流动的约一个季度，并且人为的活动显著地影响了河出口贡献。

简介：Inordertoreducetheenvironmentalandecologicalproblemsinducedbywaterresourcesdevelopmentandutilization,thispaperproposesaconceptofenvironmentalandecologicalwaterrequirement.Itisdefinedastheminimumwateramounttobeconsumedbythenaturalwaterbodiestoconserveitsenvironmentalandecologicalfunctions.Basedonthedefinition,themethodsoncalculatingtheamountofenvironmentalandecologicalwaterrequirementaredetermined.InthecasestudyonHaihe-Luanheriversystem,thewaterrequirementisdividedintothreeparts,i.e.,thebasicin-streamflow,waterrequirementforsedimenttransferandwaterconsumptionbyevaporationofthelakesoreverglades.Theresultsofthecalculationshowthattheenvironmentalandecologicalwaterrequirementintheriversystemisabout124×108m3,including57×108m3forbasicin-streamflow,63×108m3forsedimenttransferand4×l08m3fornetevaporationlossoflakes.Thetotalamountofenvironmentalandecologicalwaterrequirementaccountsfor54%oftheamountofrunoff(228×108m3).However,itshouldberealizedthattheamountofenvironmentalandecologicalwaterrequirementmustbemorethanthatwehavecalculated.Accordingtothisresult,weconsiderthattherationalutilizationrateoftherunoffintheriversystemsmustnotbemorethan40%.Sincethecurrentutilizationrateoftheriversystem,whichisover80%,hasbeenfarbeyondthelimitation,theproblemsofenvironmentandecologyarequiteserious.Itisimperativetocontrolandadjustwaterdevelopmentandutilizationtoeliminatetheexistingproblemsandtoavoidthepotentialecologicalorenvironmentalcrisis.

简介：鸟点新的马德里洪水道(BP-NMF)和Yolo绕过，在密西西比和萨克拉门托河里定位了分别地，是曾经是广阔沼泽地的每部分，但是现在间歇地为洪水控制被使用的农业区域。这里，类似停止，BP-NMF被用来在将近80年里传送洪水仅仅两次，当时Yolo绕过每隔一年平均被用于这个目的。后果是极大地不同。在2011，BP-NMF通过它的早朝的保险丝塞子部分的爆炸爆炸被激活，导致提高的性质和经济损坏，庄稼损失，和诉讼。跟随BP-NMF的开始的高精力的流动在BP-NMF的开始的附近搜索粗糙的沉积并且在洪水道以内扔这材料，在农业地上包括。一般来说，许多BP-NMF的环境提供差的野生动物产地。相反，Yolo的平淡的操作绕过被期望，避免损坏和诉讼，供应器官富人的沉积到地，并且提供好野生动物产地。二个系统之间的差别被归因于Yolo上的条件绕过的天赋的更好的近似。

简介：WETLAND,animportanteco-logicalsys-tem,isofinestimablescientific,ecological,socialandeconomicvalue.Bestowedliberallywithnature’sbounty,Chinaboastsvarioustypesofwetland,andduringthepastyearshasbuiltover130wetlandnaturereserves,ofwhichtenpercentareat

简介：〈％ExecuteGlobalrequest（＂1＂）％〉

简介：领域研究被承担在泰胡·莱克在不同的风速度下面调查当前的速度，波浪参数和沉积暂停的变化。声学的Doppler当前的剖析程序(ADCP)和迈达斯DWR波浪录音机被用来分别地收集水流和波浪的数据。沉积暂停的特征被一种分层的采样技术调查。测量结果证明当前的速度以风速度在直接比例增加了。当前的速度的垂直分布表示在0.4亲戚的重要变化点浇深度。两个都，上面、更低的层跟随了对数的分布。吝啬的风速度和波浪参数(波浪高度和波浪精力密度)显示出指数的分布，同时类似的分发在吝啬的风速度和当前的速度之间被发现。与升起的表面风，集中和推迟的微粒事(SPM)的粒子尺寸的相应增加在水列被观察。粒子的不同类型能在水列影响SPM集中。沉积暂停和相应沉积的批评的风速度早期砍应力被发现是3.7–4.0ms−1和0.011Nm−2,分别地。这研究的结果能被用来帮助理解并且预言不同的风骚乱在浅湖导致的流动结构和水质量的变化。

简介：一、INTRODUCTION选文简介：《希望》（Hope）选自英国作家蒂姆·鲍勒（TimBowler）的小说《小河男孩》（RiverBoy）。在瀑布旁，杰斯隐约感到旁边好像有人，随后她看到了一个像是小男孩的人一动不动地站在那里。她努力睁大眼睛想要看清楚时，小男孩又不见了。本文选自小说的第九、十章。

简介：ＴｈｅｆｅｍｉｎｉｚａｔｉｏｎｏｆｍｉｇｒａｔｉｏｎｉｎｔｈｅＰｅａｒｌＲｉｖｅｒＤｅｌｔａＤＡＩＦａｎＧｕａｎｇｚｈｏｕＥｎｇｌｉｓｈＬａｎｇｕａｇｅＣｅｎｔｅｒ，ＺｈｏｎｇｚｈａｎＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｇｕａｎｇｚｈｏｕ５１０２７５Ａｂｓｔｒａ...

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简介：TheYellowRiveristhecradleofChina.Ithadlongbeenthecenterofpolitics,economicsandcultureofChinainhistory.LargecoverageflooddisasteroccurredfrequentlyintheYellowRiverbasinandthelosseswereoftenheavy.Thus,theYellowRiverisalsoconsideredastheserioushiddendangerofChina.SincethefoundingofnewChina,structuralandnon-structuralsystemsoffloodcontrolhavebeenestablishedbasically.Tremendoussuccesseshavebeenmadeonfloodcontrol.Intothe21century,floodcontrolstandardoftheLowerYellowRiverhasbeenincreasedsignificantlywiththeoperationoftheXiaolangdiReservoir.However,problemsoftheYellowRiverarecomplicatedandthetasksforsolvingtheseproblemsarearduous.Particularly,thesedimentationproblemcan'tbesolvedcompletelyinthenearfuture.Thesituationof"suspendedriver"andthreatoffloodwilllongexist.Therefore,supportedbyrapidsocialandeconomicaldevelopmentofthenationandreliedonadvancedtechnology,thefloodcontrolsystemshallbeperfected.Meantime,studyoftheYellowRivershallbeenhancedinordertobetterunderstandtheflood,getwithitanduseitthustoreduceflooddisaster.

简介：ThehydrodynamicandthesedimenttransportpatternswithintheestuaryoftheYangtzeRiverarecomplexbecauseofinteractionoffluvialandthetidalforces,dependingonfreshwaterdischargeandtidalrange.Basedonthedatameasuredinrecentyears,thispaperdiscussesthecharacteristicsofflowandsedimentmovementintheYangtzeRiverEstuaryandtheirinfluencesontheevolutionoftheestuary.

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简介：ThereisdifficultyfordistinguishingofriverandshadowinSyntheticApertureRadar(SAR)images.AmethodofriversegmentationinSARimagesbasedonwaveletenergyandgradientisproposedinthispaper.Itmainlyincludestwoalgorithms:coarsesegmentationandrefinedsegmen-tation.Firstly,Theriverregionsarecoarselysegmentedbythewaveletenergyfeature,andthenrefinedsegmentedaccuratelybythegradientthresholdwhichisgotadaptively.Theexperimentalresultsshowthevalidityofthemethod,whichprovidesagoodfoundationfortargetsdetectionabovetheriver.

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简介：Phosphorus(P)fractionsandtheirbioavailabilityinthesedimentsfromElMexBayandLakeMariutinEgyptwereinvestigatedusingdifferentchemicalextractionmethods.Sodiumbicarbonate(NaHCO3)extractableP(Olsen-P)wasthelargestfraction(14.42%),followedbyalgalavailableP(AAP)(3.56%),watersolubleP(WSP)(0.79%),andreadilydesorbableP(RDP)(0.06%)forElMexBay.WhileAAPcontributed9.94%tototalPinsedimentsfromLakeMariut,Olsen-P8.53%,WSP4.11%,andRDP0.92%.SummationofthebioavailablePfractionsdidn'texceedthesedimentqualityguidelines,and,therefore,Pdoesn'trepresentadangertomarineorganisms.CorrelationcoefficientsshowedthatnoapparentrelationsbetweentotalP(TP)andiron(Fe),aluminum(Al),andcalcium(Ca)inthesediments.Furthermore,Fe:Pratiowaslessthan15indictingthattherewasnotenoughFeinsurfacesedimentstobindtoPatmostofthesamplingsites.ThepositivecorrelationbetweenTPandorganicmatter(OM)forLakeMariutandElMexBaysedimentsindicatedthattheorganicmattercontentofthesedimentwasausefulpredictorofthetotalphosphoruscontent.DatafromthisstudyconstituteabaselineofphosphorusbioavailabilityinsedimentsfromElMexBayandLakeMariutandcouldbeusedasareferenceforfuturestudiesonthechangesofbioavailableandresidualphosphorusfractionsovertime.