简介：Thepaperproposesaphysicalmodelforthemotionofthecontactlineandthegas-liquidinterface.Thelocalmotionofthecontactlineatthesolidwallisassumedandtheinterfacebetweengasandliquidistracedbyalevelfunction.Thefinitevolumemethodandstaggeredgridsareusedtosolvethegoverningequationnumerically.Themotionofthewatercolumninaverticalpipeiscomputedandtheresultsareingoodagreementwithexperimentaldata.

简介：在一台半导体设备构造一根相连的金属线的原子被电子流动在高密度搬运。这现象被称为electromigration，它可以引起线失败。以便描绘electromigration失败，比较研究被执行，一些典型现象为薄、大的结构由破裂力学对待。薄结构的一个例子，被破裂力学对待，是硅石为通讯系统的光纤维。在由electromigration的一根金属线的损坏生长在光纤维使遭到了到静态的疲劳的硅石与裂缝生长比较被描绘。另外，简短比较在大结构在electromigration失败和一些破裂现象之间被做。

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简介：Inthelightofφ-mappingmethodandtopologicalcurrenttheory,theeffectofdisclinationlinesonthefreeenergydensityofnematicliquidcrystalsisstudied.ItispointedoutthatthetotalFrankfreeenergydensitycanbedividedintotwoparts.Oneisthedistortedenergydensityofdirectorfieldaroundthedisclinationlines.Theotheristhesaddle-splayenergydensity,whichisshowntobecentralizedatthedisclinationlinesandtobetopologicallyquantizedintheunitofkπ/2whentheJacobiandeterminantofthedirectorfielddoesnotvanishatthesingularitiesofthedirectorfield.ThetopologicalquantumnumbersaredeterminedbytheHopfindicesandBrouwerdegreesofthedirectorfieldatthedisclinationlines,i.e.,thedisclinationstrengthes.WhentheJacobiandeterminantvanishes,thegeneration,annihilation,intersection,splittingandmergingprocessesofthesaddle-splayenergydensityaredetailedintheneighborhoodsofthelimitpointsandbifurcationpoints,respectively.Itisshownthatthedisclinationlinewithhightopologicalquantumnumberisunstableandwillevolvetothelowtopologicalquantumnumberstatesthroughthesplittingprocess.

简介：ThreesynchrotronradiationbeamlineshavebeenbuiltonDAΦNE,theFrascatielectron-positronaccelerator.ItisPossibletomonitorandcontrolalltheelementsonthebeamlinesusingamodularnetworkdistributedI/OsystembyNationalInstrunments(FieldPoint)withBridgeVIEW/LabVIEWprograms,Twoofthesebeamlineshaveradiationsafetyproblemssolvedbytwoindependentandredundantsystems,usingmechanicalswitches,andS7-200PLC'sbySiemens.Inthisarticleoursolutionwillbedescribedindetails.

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简介：Inthelightofφ-mappingmethodandtopologicalcurrenttheory,thecontributionofdisclinationlinestofreeenergydensityofliquidcrystalsisstudiedinthesingle-elasticconstantapproximation.Itispointedoutthatthetotalfreeenergydensitycanbedividedintotwoparts.Oneistheusualdistortedenergydensityofdirectorfieldaroundthedisclinationlines.Theotheristhefreeenergydensityofdisclinationlinesthemselves,whichisshowntobecentralizedatthedisclinationlinesandtobetopologicallyquantizedintheunitofkπ/2.ThetopologicalquantumnumbersaredeterminedbytheHopfindicesandBrouwerdegreesofthedirectorfieldatthedisclinationlines,i.e.thedisclinationstrengths.FromtheLagrange'smethodofmultipliers,theequilibriumequationandthemolecularfieldofliquidcrystalsarealsoobtained.ThephysicalmeaningoftheLagrangianmultiplierisjustthedistortedenergydensity.

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