简介：AIM:ToinvestigatetheroleofRho-associatedproteinkinase(ROCK)inhibitor,Y27632,inmediatingtheproductionofextracellularmatrix(ECM)componentsincludingfibronectin,matrixmetallo-proteinase-2(MMP-2)andtypeIcollagenasinducedbyconnectivetissuegrowthfactor(CTGF)ortransforminggrowthfactor-β(TGF-β)inahumanretinalpigmentepithelialcellline,ARPE-19.METHODS:TheeffectofY27632ontheCTGForTGF-βinducedphenotypeinARPE-19cellswasmeasuredwithimmunocytochemistryasthechangeinF-actin.ARPE-19cellsweretreatedwithCTGF(1,10,100ng/mL)andTGF-β(10ng/mL)inserumfreemedia,andanalyzedforfibronectin,laminin,andMMP-2andtypeIcollagenbyRT-qPCRandimmunocytochemistry.CellswerealsopretreatedwithanROCKinhibitor,Y27632,toanalyzethesignalingcontributingtoECMproduction.·RESULTS:TreatmentofARPE-19cellsinculturewithTGF-βorCTGFinducedanECMchangefromacobblestonemorphologytoamoreelongatedswirlpatternindicatingamesenchymalphenotype.RT-qPCRanalysisanddifferentgeneexpressionanalysisdemonstratedanupregulationinexpressionofgenesassociatedwithcytoskeletalstructureandmotility.CTGForTGF-βsignificantlyincreasedexpressionoffibronectinmRNA(P=0.006,P=0.003respectively),lamininmRNA(P=0.006,P=0.005),MMP-2mRNA(P=0.006,P=0.001),COL1A1mRNA(P=0.001,P=0.001),COL1A2mRNA(P=0.001,P=0.001).PreincubationofARPE-19withY27632(10mmol/L)significantlypreventedCTGForTGF-βinducedfibronectin(P=0.005,P=0.003respectively),MMP-2(P=0.003,P=0.002),COL1A1(P=0.006,P=0.003),andCOL1A2(P=0.006,P=0.004)geneexpression,butnotlaminin(P=0.375,P=0.516).CONCLUSION:OurstudydemonstratedthatbothTGF-βandCTGFupregulatetheexpressionofECMcomponentsincludingfibronectin,laminin,MMP-2andtypeIcollagenbyactivatingtheRhoA/ROCKsignalingpathway.Duringthisprocess,ARPE-19cellswereshowntochangefromanepithelialtoamesenchymalphenotypeinvi

简介：AIM:ToInvestigatetheeffectsoftransforminggrowthfactorβ2(TGF-β2)andconnectivetissuegrowthfactor(CTGF)ontransdifferentiationofhumanlensepithelialcells(HLECs)culturedinvitroandsynthesisofextracellularmatrix(ECM).METHODS:HLECsweretreatedwithTGF-β2(0,0.5,1.0,5,10μg/L)andCTGF(0,15,30,60,100μg/L)fordifferenttimes(0,24,48,72h)invitroandtheexpressionofα-smoothmuscleactin(α-SMA),themaincomponentoftheextracellularmatrixtypeⅠcollagen(Col-1)andfibronectin(Fn)weremeasuredbyusingreal-timepolymerasechainreaction(PCR)andwestern-blot.RESULTS:TGF-β2andCTGFsignificantlyincreasedexpressionofα-SMAmRNAandprotein(P<0.05,P<0.001),FnmRNAandprotein(P<0.001),Col-1mRNAandprotein(P<0.001).TGF-β2couldinduceHLECsexpressionofCTGFmRNAandproteinindosedependentmanner(P<0.05,P<0.001).TGF-β2andCTGFcouldinduceHLECstoexpressα-SMA,FnandCol-1intime-dependentmanner.EachtimeofTGF-β2andCTGFinducedHELCsexpressionofα-SMA,Fn,Col-1mRNAandproteinwassignificantincreasecomparedwithcontrol(P<0.05,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:TGF-β2andCTGFcouldinduceHLECsepithelialmesenchymaltransitionandECMsynthesis.

简介：目的研究PBL教学模式在眼科学教学中的应用。方法60名学生分为两组,分别采用PBL教学法和传统教学法进行教学,比较两组学生对眼科学的兴趣和考试成绩。结果PBL教学组学生对眼科学的兴趣要显著高于传统教学组（P〈0.05）,其考试成绩（82.00±9.06）也明显高于对照组（76.90±9.82）（P〈0.05）。结论PBL教学法能够提高学生的主动性,增强学生的学习兴趣和学习成绩,适于在眼科教学中推广。

简介：目的:评价Shotfile老视切削模式治疗近视伴老视患者的远期临床疗效。方法:对我院43例82眼35岁及以上近视屈光不正患者行激光角膜手术，采用Shotfile老视切削模式，随访3a。观察术后1、2、3a时的裸眼远、近视力和屈光度变化、视觉满意度情况。结果:术后la裸眼远视力达到术前最佳矫正视力者81眼(99%)，裸眼近视力在0.66以上者75眼（91%)，等效球镜平均为-0.64±0.63D，总体满意率为91%;术后2a裸眼远视力达到术前最佳矫正视力者79眼（96%)，裸眼近视力在0.66以上者69眼（84%)，等效球镜平均为-0.62土0.59D，总体满意率为86%;术后3a裸眼远视力达到术前最佳矫正视力者77眼（94%)，裸眼近视力在0.66以上者62眼（76%)，等效球镜平均为-0.55±0.56D，总体满意率为81%。所有人选病例均未出现术中或术后严重并发症，1眼等效球镜为-10.00D的患者la后出现-1.75D的回退，尊重患者意愿为患者进行二次补矫。结论:Shotfile老视切削模式治疗近视伴老视患者远期疗效安全稳定，患者满意度较高，随时间延长部分患者视近能力逐渐减弱，术前应与患者进行充分沟通。

简介：目的采用不同色彩多焦视网膜电图（mfERG）刺激模式刺激正常眼黄斑部视网膜,观察不同刺激模式mfERG的波形改变及其特征,为将不同色彩刺激模式mfERG应用于黄斑疾病的检测提供正常基线标准和评估检查的可行性。方法分别采用黑/白刺激模式、黑/红刺激模式和黑/绿刺激模式对19例正常视力成年志愿者进行检测,比较分析一阶kernel反应（FOK）的平均反应密度和峰时变化特征,以及稳态闪烁光反应（flicker-30Hz）的平均反应密度和峰时的变化特征。结果正常人FOK以及flicker-30Hz1~5环P1波潜时与刺激色彩的亮度呈负相关,而P1波平均反应密度与刺激色彩亮度呈正相关,P1波峰时和平均反应密度与平均亮度均呈线性回归关系,表现为其亮度特征。结论不同色彩刺激模式存在亮度效应,由不同色彩的不同亮度特征性改变可以客观反映黄斑区不同亮度通道的功能情况。

简介：目的：探讨扭动模式超声乳化对年龄相关性白内障患者眼角膜的影响。方法：选取我院2012-01/2014-12眼科住院的年龄相关性白内障患者161例196眼,按随机化原则分为扭动模式组（A组）和传统模式组（B组）,晶状体核硬度按照Emery标准进行分级。记录术中所使用的有效超声时间（ultrasoundtime,UST）、有效累积释放能量（cumulativedissipatedenergy,CDE）,并比较术后最佳矫正视力（bestcorrectedvisualacuity,BCVA）、眼角膜水肿程度（cornealedemadegree,CED）、眼角膜中央厚度（centralcornealthickness,CCT）和眼角膜内皮细胞丢失率。结果：两组患者各级核硬度手术中所使用的UST和CDE比较,A组较B组低。术后的平均最佳矫正视力比较,术后1、7d时A组较B组高,而术后30d两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。眼角膜水肿和CCT比较,术后1、7d时A组较B组眼角膜水肿轻,平均CCT厚,术后30d两组患者差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。术后7、30d平均眼角膜内皮细胞计数比较,A组较B组高,丢失率低。结论：由于缩短了术中UST和减少了CDE,扭动模式超声乳化减轻了对眼角膜内皮细胞的损伤,使得患者术后恢复周期缩短,但并未根本解决超声乳化对眼角膜造成的损伤。

简介：目的探讨危重症小组干预模式在降低住院患者夜间外出不归的发生率中的应用。方法2015年7月-12月,我院危重症小组以＂降低住院患者夜间外出不归的发生率＂为主题,开展为期6个月的品管圈活动,探讨降低住院患者夜间外出不归的方法。结果住院患者夜间外出不归由实施品管圈方案前的19.8‰降低至实施后的6.5‰。结论开展危重症小组干预模式,能降低住院患者夜间外出不归的状况,既保证了病人安全,也提高了护理质量。

简介：目的：研究视网膜血管疾病在印度喜马偕尔邦丘陵地带（海拔500～4500m）的患病模式/分布。方法：对西姆拉三级医院眼科自2008-08/2013-04期间的视网膜疾病患者进行回顾/前瞻性研究。选取5600位中的4323名患者作为研究对象。该数据均来自于医院记录,随后根据患者的年龄,性别分布情况和诊断结果进行分析。所有患者都进行了视力,屈光,裂隙灯和眼底检查。以眼底临床记录和眼底照相记录来确定诊断。应用眼底照像机（KowaFundusCameraVX-10）进行照相,必要时进行眼底荧光素血管造影。结果：在4323例患者中,男性视网膜疾病患者有2563例（59.29%）,多于女性1760例（40.71%）。在525例（12.14%）糖尿病视网膜病变患者中,轻度非增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变133例（3.08%）,中度156例（3.60%）,重度120例（2.78%）,增殖性糖尿病视网膜病变116例（2.68%）。在393例（9.10%）高血压性视网膜病变患者中,I级高血压性视网膜病变患者130例（3.01%）,II级111例（2.57%）,III级131例（3.03%）,IV级21例（0.49%）。在660例（15.27%）其他视网膜血管疾病中,视网膜分支静脉阻塞229例（5.30%）,视网膜中央静脉阻塞55例（1.27%）,半视网膜中央静脉阻塞8例（0.19%）,视网膜中央动脉阻塞20例（0.46%）,视网膜分支动脉阻塞4例（0.09%）,眼部缺血综合征1例（0.02%）,早产儿视网膜病变9例（0.21%）,视网膜大动脉瘤5例（0.12%）,近中心凹毛细血管扩张6例（0.14%）,贫血性视网膜病变16例（0.37%）,白血病视网膜病变10例（0.23%）,视网膜前出血52例（1.20%）,Coats病8例（0.19%）,睫状视网膜动脉阻塞1例（0.02%）例,Eales病10例（0.23%）,血管炎17例（0.39%）以及有临床意义的黄斑水肿209例（4.83%）。结论：糖尿病视网膜病变是最常见的视网膜血管疾病。视网膜疾病已经成为印度一个主要公共卫生问题。此研究将有利于对喜�

简介：AIM:Tocharacterizetemporalpatternofresolutionandrecurrenceofnaivechoroidalneovascularization(CNV)secondarytowetage-relatedmaculardegeneration(AMD)treatedwithintravitrealbevacizumabonasneededregimen,andtoanalyzebaselineriskfactorsforCNVresolutionorrecurrence.METHODS:Ninety-oneeyesof80patientswithnewlydiagnosedwetAMDwereretrospectivelystudied.Alleyesweretreatedwitharoundofthreemonthlyintravitrealbevacizumabinjections,followedbyoneadditional’bonus’injectionafterresolutionofCNVactivity.Duringfollow-up,eyesweremonitoredwithfluoresceinangiography,opticalcoherencetomography,andbest-correctedvisualacuity(BCVA).IncaseofrecurrencesofCNVactivity,eyeswereretreatedwithotherroundsofbevacizumabinjectionsfollowingthesametreatmentprotocol.RESULTS:Overamedianfollow-upof532d,themedianresolutiontimeofCNVactivityinthefirst,second,andthirdtreatmentroundwas98d,126d,and111d,respectively.Themedianrecurrencetimeforthethreeroundswas154d,126d,and151d,respectively.Nosignificantdifferenceinresolutiontime(P=0.09)orinrecurrencetime(P=0.11)wasdetectedamongtreatmentrounds.Age(P=0.0082)andlensstatus(P=0.035)werefoundtobeassociatedwithCNVresolution;forevery1-yearincreaseinagetherewas4%greaterchanceofCNVresolution;Phakiceyesdemonstrateda33%betterchancetoexperienceCNVresolutionthanpseudophakiceyes.ForCNVrecurrence,lensstatus(P=0.0009)andgender(P=0.0446)werefoundtobepredictive;pseudophakiceyeshada3.69-foldgreaterrisktoexperiencerecurrenceofCNVactivitycomparedtophakiceyes;maleshada2.19-foldgreaterrisktoexperiencerecurrenceofCNVactivitythanfemales.NosignificantBCVAchangesamongthreetreatmentroundswerenoted(P=0.56).CONCLUSION:ResolutiontimeandrecurrencetimeofCNVactivitywerenotsignificantlydifferentamongtreatmentrounds,suggestingabsenceoftachyphylaxistobevacizumab.Acautiousdecisionshouldbemadeupondisco

简介：AIM:Toinvestigatethelevelsofserumsolubleintercellularadhesionmolecules-1(sICAM-1)andneutrophilicexpressionofCD18inpatientswithvariousstagesofdiabeticretinopathyandtodeterminetheirdifferentexpressionpatterninthedevelopmentofdiabeticretinopathy(DR).·METHODS:LevelsofserumsICAM-1andCD18onthesurfaceofneutrophileweremeasuredin41DRpatients,theywereclassifiedinthreesubgroupsaccordingtothestageofretinopathyasdeterminedbyfund’sophthalmoscopy;10controlsubjectswerealsostudied.sICAM-1weremeasuredbyenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassayandCD18byflowcytometry.·RESULTS:TheneutrophilicCD18expressionandserumsICAM-1levelwereallsignificantlyelevatedinalldiabeticsubgroupscomparedtocontrolsubjects(P<0.01).ThedifferencesofCD18andsICAM-1amongthediabeticsubgroupsweresignificantinCD18butnotinsICAM-1.TheprogressionofretinopathywasassociatedwithanincreasebothinCD18andinsICAM-1levelsbysimplecorrelationanalysis(β=0.74,P<0.001;β=0.38,P<0.01,respectively).ButstepwisemultipleregressionanalysisrevealedthatonlyCD18wasindependentdeterminantofretinopathy(β=1.04,P<0.01).·CONCLUSION:OurresultsconfirmthecontributionofendothelialandneutrophilicactivationinthedevelopmentofDRasindicatedbyincreasedlevelsofCD18andsICAM-1.However,adirectimplicationofCD18andICAM-1intheprogressionofDRcanbesupportedonlyintheCD18butnotICAM-1.CD18andICAM-1mayplaydifferentroleinthedevelopmentofdiabeticretinopathy.