简介:Thepresentpaperemploystechniqueofgeographicalweightedregression(GWR)tomakeanempiricalstudyofChina'sR&Dknowledgespilloversatcitylevel.Conventionalregressionanalysiscanonlyproduce'aver-age'and'global'parameterestimatesratherthan'local'parameterestimateswhichvaryoverspaceinsomespatialsystems.Geographicallyweightedregression(GWR),ontheotherhand,isasimplebutusefulnewtechniquefortheanalysisofspatialnonstationarity.ResultsshowthatthereisasigniicantdifferencebetweenOLSandGWRinestimatingtheparametersofR&Dknowledgeproduction,andthattherelationshipsbetweenlevelofregionalinnovationactivitiesandvariousfactorsshowconsiderablespatialvariability.
简介:Anewsituationhasemergedasaresultofglobalclimatechangefollowingthe'ParisAgreement',whichgivesrisetonewopportunitiesforcarbonmarket.Carbonmarketasamechanismtopromotelow-carbondevelopmenthasbeenexploredbothintheoreticalresearchandpracticalapplicationhomeandabroadforseveralyears.However,therearestillmanyproblemstosettle,suchasthepotentialuncertaintytodetermineanddistributetotalcarbonemissions,pricedistortionsinhigh-carbonproductsandservicesinthemarket,mainbodiesresponsibleforthecarbonemissioninurbaninfrastructure,etc.Allthesehaveformedaconstraintonthefurtherdevelopmentofcarbonmarket.Throughthehistoricalanalysisoftheactualdevelopmentofthecarbonmarket,thispapertriestoidentifypracticalproblemswhichshouldbesolvedurgently,andprovidesideasforChinatoestablishaunifiednationalcarbonmarketin2017,whichisnotonlythenationalmeasurestoparticipateinthe'ParisAgreement'actively,butalsotheimplementationofChina’ssustainabledevelopmentstrategy.