简介:落后海表面温度异例(SSTA)的关联,海表面高度异例(SSHA),表面下的温度异例,和带的风异例(SZWA)由灵活全球Ocean-Atmosphere-Land系统生产了的表面当模特儿:(FGOALS-g2)格子点版本2被分析并且与观察相比。不足道,虽然积极,落后在在在秋天的东南的热带印度洋(STIO)的SSTA之间的关联和在中央东方的和平的寒冷的SSTA整个秋天在下列夏天舔被发现不与观察分析一致。然而,模型确实复制重要落后在在在在在一个年时间的冷舌头的秋天和那些的STIO的SSHA之间的关联在观察落后。这些,与一起重要落后在在在秋天的STIO和在下列年里的赤道的和平的垂直的节的表面下的温度异例的SSTA之间的关联,建议印度尼西亚的Throughflow在宣传印度洋异例进赤道的太平洋起一个重要作用。印度尼西亚的Throughflow运输的interannual异例的分析建议FGOALS-g2气候系统模仿,但是低估在印第安人和太平洋之间的海洋的隧道动力学。FGOALS-g2被显示生产落后在在在在一个年时间的秋天和冷舌头SSTA的西方的赤道的太平洋上的SZWA之间的关联落后那太强壮,不能与观察比较现实主义。分析建议在Indo和平的海洋上的大气的桥牌在FGOALS-g2被过高估计联合气候模型。
简介:714SDDOPPLERWEATHERRADARSYSTEM¥GeRunsheng(葛润生),ZhangPeiyuan(张沛源)andPengHong(彭红)714SDDOPPLERWEATHERRADARSYSTEMGeRunsheng(葛润生),...
简介:ANEWCOMPUTERRETRIEVALSYSTEMFORMETEOROLOGICALINFORMATION¥BeiGang(贝刚)ANEWCOMPUTERRETRIEVALSYSTEMFORMETEOROLOGICALINFORMATIONBei...
简介:Inthispaper,acoupledsea-atmosphere-cloudclimaticmodelissetup.Qualitativeanalysisshowsthatthesystemexistsatleastinfivepossibleequilibriumstates,andnotfourastraditionallyconsidered.NumericalsimulationstatedthatwhenwedonotconsiderthefeedbackofcloudstheSSTwillraise0.96Kand0.97Krespectivelyastheconcentra-tionsofCO2risefrom280ppmand330ppmto560ppmand660ppm.WhenweconsiderthefeedbacktheSSTrisesonlyabout0.51Kundersameconditions.SogreenhouseeffectofCO2islessenedincertainextent.
简介:Manylow-ordermodelingstudiesindicatethattheremaybemultipleequilibriaintheatmosphereinducedbythermalandtopographicforcings.However,mostworkusesuncoupledatmosphericmodelandjustfocusesonthemultipleequilibriawithdistinctwaveamplitude,i.e.,thehigh-andlow-indexequilibria.Here,alow-ordercoupledland-atmospheremodelisusedtostudythemultipleequilibriawithbothdistinctwavephaseandwaveamplitude.Themodelcombinesatwo-layerquasi-geostrophicchannelmodelandanenergybalancemodel.Highlytruncatedspectralexpansionsareusedandtheresultsshowthattheremaybetwostableequilibriawithdistinctwavephaserelativetothetopography:one(theother)hasalowerlayerstreamfunctionthatisnearlyin(outof)phasewiththetopography,i.e.,thelowerlayerridges(troughs)areoverthemountains,calledridge-type(trough-type)equilibria.Thewavephaseofequilibriumstatedependsonthedirectionoflowerlayerzonalwindandhorizontalscaleofthetopography.Themultiplewavephaseequilibriaassociatedwithridge-andtrough-typesoriginatefromtheorographicinstabilityoftheHadleycirculation,whichisapitch-forkbifurcation.Comparedwiththeuncoupledmodel,theland-atmospherecoupledsystemproducesmorestableatmosphericflowandmoreridge-typeequilibriumstates,particularly,theseeffectsareprimarilyattributedtothelongwaveradiationfluxes.Theupperlayerstreamfunctionsofbothridge-andtrough-typeequilibriaarealsocharacterizedbyeitherahigh-orlow-indexflowpattern.However,themultiplewavephaseequilibriaassociatedwithridge-andtrough-typesaremoreprominentthanmultiplewaveamplitudeequilibriaassociatedwithhigh-andlow-indextypesinthisstudy.
简介:TneglobalchangeofclimateanditsinfluenceonthecroppingsysteminChinahavebeeninvestigatedinthispaper.ItisfoundthatthetemperaturewasincreasedduringthelastdecadeandtheprecipitationdecreasedinnorthernChinaandincreasedinsouthernChinaduringthelast30years.Thesealevelhasbeenrisingbyabout21—26cminthecoastalareassouthof30°NinChinaduringthelast100years.Themostofresultsassimulatedbythegeneralcirculationmodels(GCMs)showthatthetemperatureincreasewouldamounttoabout2°—4°CinthemostpartsofChinaandprecipitationandsoilmoisturemightbedecreasedinnorthernChinaandincreasedinsourthernChinaduetodoublingofcarbondioxide(CO2).TheeffectsofdoubledCO2ongrowthperiodandclimaticyieldcapabilityinChinahavebeenestimatedroughly.ItisshownthattheregionsofthegrowthperiodinChinawouldbemovednorthwardaboutfivedegreeslatitudeandtheclimaticyieldcapabilitymightbeincreasedbyabout10%inthemostpartsofChina.
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简介:AnumericalsimulationofatorrentialraineventoccurringintheJiang-HuaiValleyofChinafrom22-24June1999isperformedandanalyzedbyusingthePSU/NCARMM5mesoscalenon-hydrostaticmodel.Thehigh-resolutionmodeloutputdataareutilizedtodiagnosethedoublefrontstructure,andthedistributionsofpotentialtemperature,equivalentpotentialtemperature,andspecifichumidityinthevicinityoftheMeiyuFrontSystem(MYFS)intheJiang-HuaiValley.TheresultsshowthatboththepotentialtemperaturegradientandthespecifichumiditygradienthaveimportantimpactsonthetwostrongequivalentpotentialtemperaturegradientzonesassociatedwiththedoublefrontstructureoftheMYFS,butthelatter(moisturegradient)ismoreimportant.Inaddition,thetendencyequationofspecifichumiditygradientistheoreticallyderived.Itshowsthatvariationsofthespecifichumiditygradientarerelatedtotheadvection,convergence/divergence,horizontalandverticalvorticities(secondarycirculation)effectsandthegradientofwatervaporsource/sink.Asanexample,thebudgetofthemeridionalcomponentofthetendencyequationisselectedanddiagnosedbyusingtheabovemodelsimulationdataofthetorrentialrainevent.Itisshownthatthevariationofthespecifichumiditygradientaveragedthroughoutthesimulationismainlycontrolledbytheconvergence/divergenceeffect,thesecondarycirculationeffectassociatedwiththehorizontalvorticities,andthewatervaporsource/sinkeffect.Sincethewatervaporsource/sinkisoftenformedfromthephasechangeprocessesofwatervaporintheairandthusdirectlyassociatedwithcloudandprecipitationmicrophysicsprocesses,thevariationofthespecifichumiditygradientiscloselyrelatedwithcloudandprecipitationmicrophysicsandthedistribution,developmentandevolutionofcloudandrainfallsystems.ThedoublefrontstructureoftheMYFSprovidesanadvantageousenvironmentalconditionforthedevelopmentandmovementofthemesoscaletorrentialrain
简介:这份报纸为用BDS(BeiDou航行卫星系统)估计湿折射度地的精确论述一条新奇途径模拟仅仅,为深圳和香港GNSS的GPS,和BDS+GPS联网。模拟被把人工的噪音加到真实观察数据集执行。,而不是使用,从观点计算的d和s参数在以前的研究弄湿延期,我们采用偏爱和RMS参数,从全部的voxels的断层摄影术结果计算了,回答决心以便获得折射度的精确的更直接、全面的评估。结果显示出那:(1)湿折射度估计了独自使用BDS的tropospheric(仅仅使用的9颗卫星)的精确基本上比得上GPS的;(2)BDS+GPS(当前的操作)不能显著地改进数据为折射度断层摄影术的应用程序的空间密度;并且(3)特别地在更低的空气,折射度断层摄影术的精确的任何细微增加在中国运作的气象学的服务上为任何应用依赖者忍受大意义。
简介:THESTUDYOFCLOUDPHYSICSANDSEEDABILITYOFARTIFICIALPRECIPITATIONWITHPARTICLEMEASUREMENTSYSTEMYouLaiganng(游来光)WangGuanghe(王广和)and...
简介:Inordertoimprovetheaccuracyoftherainfallmeasurement,aradar-radiometersystemhasbeendevel-oped.ItcouldbeusedtomeasurethedistributionoftherainfallintensityaLldthevariationofarearainfall.Infieldexperiment,theaccuracyoftherainfallmeasurementwasimporved.Inthispaper,theerrorofrainfallmeasurementbyradarwillbeevaluatedandthemethodstoimprovetheaccuracyoftherainfallmeasurementwillbediscussed.
简介:非洲或亚洲的居民夏天季风是一个地带地行星规模的系统,与盖住在过去的世纪(1901-2014)并且在最后三十年(1979-2014)期间的interdecadaltimescales上的非洲,南亚和东亚的大规模rainbelt。降水的一个最近的突然的变化发生在1990年代末。从那以后,Afro亚洲季风系统的全部rainbelt以一个协调方法向北进展了。在Huanghe-Huaihe河山谷和Sahel上的降水的一致增加与teleconnection模式由大西洋Multidecadal摆动(AMO)的温暖的阶段激动被联系。与轮流出现的气旋/反气旋,一列teleconnection波浪火车在上面的对流层被检测。沿着teleconnection路径,在诺思非洲的发行量异例的配置被与低级热低压力(集中)上层的反气旋(分叉)联合描绘,便于登上在Sahel的运动的开始和发展。在东亚,同样,acoupled发行量模式也在Huanghe-Huaihe河山谷使上升运动激动。在Sahel和Huanghe-Huaihe河山谷上的降水的同步增加能被归因于同现,上升的同相的变化打手势。在另一方面,AMO的温暖的阶段导致在诺思非洲和东亚的北部分的在上面的对流层的重要温暖。如此的温暖贡献增强热带在东方通过在入口区域(东亚)和出口区域(非洲)两个都增加南方的压力坡度的喷气。因此,在Sahel和Huanghe-Huaihe河山谷上的降水加强,由于ageostrophic第二等的房间。这研究的结果在非洲或亚洲的居民夏天季风为一个一致、整体的interdecadal变化提供证据。
简介:TEMPERATURE-MEASURINGRADIO-ACOUSTICSOUNDINGSYSTEM(RASS)¥LiJianguo(李建国),WangPing(王坪)andMengZhaolin(孟昭林)TEMPERATURE-MEASURINGRA...
简介:Basedontheanalysesonamplitudesofhistoricalvariationoftemperatureandprecipitationinthepast500yearsandlatest100years,accordingtotheregionalclimatechangescenariosforChinaestimatedbycompositeGCM,thepotentialimpactsofclimatechangeoncroppingsystemsinChinainfuturearesimulatedandassessedusingthecroppingsystemmodeldevelopmentspeciallyfortheChinesecroppingpatterns.Itisshownthatundertheprojectedfutureclimatechangeby2050themostpartsofthepresentdoublecroppingareawouldbereplacedbythedifferenttriplecroppingpatternswhilethecurrentdoublecroppingareawouldshifttowardsthecentralpartofthepresentsinglecroppingarea.Moreexplicitly,thenorthernboundaryoftriplecroppingareawouldshiftfromitscurrentborderattheChangjingRivertotheHuangheRiver,ashiftofmorethan5degreesoflatitude.Andtheshiftofmultiplecroppingareasleadstoasignificantdecreaseofsinglecroppingarea.Furthermore,consideringthechangesmentionedaboveincombinationwiththelikelynegativebalanceofprecipitationandevapotranspirationand,therefore,increaseofmoisturestress(i.e.lesswateravailability),aswellasthepossibleincreaseofheatstressdisasteranddecreaseofLGS(lengthofgrowingseason),thepotentialimplicationofclimatechangeforagricultureinChinaarealsoanalyzedroughlyinthispaper.Asaresult,however,itisstillverydifficulttoreachaspecificconclusionthatthefutureclimatechangewillhefavorableorunfavorabletofarminChinabecauseofthecomplicatedChinesefarmingpatterns,thecomplex-varioussocialandeconomicenvironmentofagriculturaldevelopmentand,especially,agreatscientificuncertaintiesintheinvestigation/predictionofclimatechange.
简介:SOMEFEATURESOFANEWGENERATIONOFUPPER-AIROBSERVATIONSYSTEMHuangBingxun(黄炳勋)InstituteofAtmosphericSoundingABSTRACTSomefeaturesof...
简介:mesoscale在边界层和表面流动的狂暴的交换系数的计算在被改进的数字天气预言模型(MM4),被用来在mesoscale模型的预兆的结果上学习边界层parameterization计划的影响。七个不同实验计划(包括原来的MM4模型)在这份报纸设计了被几大雨格的观察数据测试以便发现改进边界层parameterization在mesoscale的计划气象学的模型。结果证明所有七个不同边界层parameterization计划在降水紧张,雨区域的分发,垂直速度,涡度和分叉地的预报上有一些影响,并且在这的改进计划糊能改进降水预报。关键词边界层parameterization-Mesoscale数字天气预言(MNWP)-狂暴的交换系数-表面流动-大雨这份报纸被中国(资助号码49875005和号码49735180)的国家自然科学基础支持。
简介:在Lorenz系统的一个类似物动态的模型(ADM)的理论基础和申请被学习。ADM能有效地联合状态能被认为是一个预言目的当前的起始的值的小骚乱在历史的类似物引用上在附加了的统计、动态的方法。主要分析证明在在模型参数添加骚乱的条件下面,ADM的模型错误是比纯动态模型(PDM)的那些小得多的。在Lorenz系统的ADM上的可预测性的特征被进行案例研究和全球实验在阶段空间分析。结果证明ADM罐头相当有效地减少预言错误并且与PDM相对照处于大多数状况延长预言的有效时间,但是当模型错误是更加小的时,后者将比前者优异。克服如此的一个问题,更新的multi-reference-state能被使用介绍多类似物和更改类似物的信息并且能在ADM展出令人激动的性能。