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简介：Asisalreadyknown,mostoftheplasmaliteratureisoccupiedwiththeplasmainstabilitiesandtheinevitableplasmawaves,whichremainmajorobstaclestothethermonuclearfusionprocess.Manyexperimentaldataontheplasmawaves(growthordamping)andtheiraccompaniedtheoreticalinterpretationshavebeenpublishedduringthelastfivedecades;lotsofthemhavebeenidentifiedandjustifiedaswell,somenotyet.Oneoftheseisourpreviousresearchonplasmawaves,whichoriginatedintheearly80'satthePlasmaPhysicsLaboratoryoftheNCSR'Demokritos'.Asthewaverisingisdefinedbythegrowthrate(orthedampingontheextinguishment),theseimportantwavyquantitieswillbestudiedindetailinthepresentpaper.Threeexamplesaretakenfromourprevioustheoreticalresults,andthefirstobservationrevealsthattheinvolvedquantitiesarecomplicatedenoughtobestudiedbythemselves.So,theuseofsuitableapproachmodels,whichmayinterprettheexperimentalwavyquantities,isthecentralideaofthepresentattempt.Furthermore,calculationswithalittlechangeoftheinitialconditionshavebeenrepeatedinordertodeterminewhethertheplasmabehavesasachaoticmedium.

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简介：Theobjectiveofthispaperistodemonstratewhetherairplasmacanchangetheseedgerminationcharacteristics,seedlingemergence,aswellasbiochemicalreactivity,inAndrographispaniculata(A.paniculata)seedlingsbymodifyingtheseedcoatandfindingabeneficialtreatmentdose.Eighttreatmentdosesandonecontrolwereusedtoconductelectricalconductivitydetermination,agerminationtest,aseedlingemergencetestandabiochemicalassay.Theresultsshowedthatafterbeingtreatedwithairplasmaexcitedat5950Vfor10s,thepermeabilityoftheseedswasimprovedsignificantly,resultingintheaccelerationofseedgerminationandseedlingemergence.Inthemeantime,thecatalaseactivityandcatalaseisoenzymeexpressionwerealsoimproved,whilethemalondialdehydecontentintheseedlingswasdecreased(whichmeansgreatercounteractionwithenvironmentalstress).Afterbeingtreatedwith4250Vfor10sand5950Vfor20s,theseedgerminationwasenhanced,butwithoutanobviouschangeinseedlingemergence.However,aftertreatmentwith3400Vfor20sand5100Vfor10s,thepermeabilityoftheseedswasdecreased,resultinginadelayinseedlingemergence.TheseresultsindicatethatairplasmacanchangethephysiologicalandbiochemicalcharacteristicsofAndrographispaniculataseedsbymodifyingtheseedcoat,combinedwiththeeffectsoftheactiveplasmaspecies,andthatdifferenttreatingdoseshavedifferenteffects.

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简介：ThegrowthdetectsinNd:YCa4O(BO3)3(Nd:YCOB)crystalswereinvestigatedbytransmissionsynchrotrontopography.ItwasfoundthatgrowthstriationsweretheprimarydefectsinNd:YCOBcrystals.Grown-indislocations.mosaicblocksandinclusionswerealsoobseredinthecrystals.Theeffectoftemperaturefieldontheformationofgrowthdefectsinthecrystalswasdiscussed.

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