简介:Thekeratoprosthesis(KPro;artificialcornea)isaspecialrefractivedevicetoreplacehumancorneabyusingheterogeneousformingmaterialsfortheimplantationintothedamagedeyesinordertoobtainacertainvision.Themainproblemsofartificialcorneaarethebiocompatibilityandstabilityofthetissueparticularlyinpenetratingkeratoplasty.Thecurrentstudiesoftissue-engineeredscaffoldmaterialsthroughcomprisingcompositesofnaturalandsyntheticbiopolymerstogetherhavedevelopedanewwaytoartificialcornea.Althoughawideagreementthatthelong-termstabilityofthesedeviceswouldbegreatlyimprovedbythepresenceofcorneacells,modificationofkeratoprosthesistosupportcorneacellsremainselusive.Mostofthestudiesoncornealsubstratematerialsandsurfacemodificationofcompositeshavetriedtoimprovethegrowthandbiocompatibilityofcorneacellswhichcannotonlyreducethestimulusofheterogeneousmaterials,butalsomoreimportantlycontinuousandstablecorneacellscanpreventthedestructionofcollagenase.Thenecrosisofstromaandspontaneousextrusionofthedevice,allowformaintenanceofaprecornealtearlayer,andplaytheroleofensuringagoodopticalsurfaceandresistingbacterialinfection.Asaresult,improvementincornealcellshasbeenthemainaimofseveralrecentinvestigations;someefforthasfocusedonbiomaterialforitswellbiologicalpropertiessuchaspromotingthegrowthofcorneacells.Thepurposeofthisreviewistosummarythegrowthstatusofthecornealcellsaftertheimplantationofseveralartificialcorneas.
简介:目的:分析增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变(proliferativediabeticretinopathy,PDR)患者进行围手术期干预的临床效果。方法:回顾性分析2009—05/2011—12我院40例52眼糖尿病视网膜病变的病历及随访资料,其中男15例20眼,女25例32眼,年龄31~78岁。全部患者术前均进行视力、眼压、裂隙灯显微镜眼底检查、眼B超、角膜内皮镜等检查,术后1,2wk;1,2,3,6mo随访,观察患者的视力、眼压、人工晶状体、眼底情况,围手术期观察患者的血糖、血压、全身情况、不良事件等结果。全部患者实施围手术期干预措施。依据患者患有的与糖尿病相关的全身合并症的诊断进行评分,每种合并症记1分,无合并症记0分。手术方式为玻璃体切割十全视网膜光凝,合并黄斑水肿及黄斑前膜者行黄斑内界膜剥离,合并白内障者同期行自内障超声乳化吸出,I期植入或不植入人工晶状体,根据术中情况眼内填充长效气体/硅油/曲安奈德;术中常规进行心电监护,出现明显血压波动者在麻醉医师监护下行控制性降压。结果:所有糖尿病视网膜病变患者中I型5例,双眼手术者12例(30%),左右眼各14例(35%)。PDRIV期15眼(28.8%),V期16眼(30.8%),VI期21眼(40.4%)。术前视力低于0.02者38眼(73.1%),0.02~0.1者7眼(13.5%),0.1~0.3者5眼(9.6%),0.3以上者2眼(3.8%)。术后随访视力低于0.02者17眼(32.7%),0.02~0.1者9眼(17.3%),0.1~0.3者14眼(26.9%),0.3以上者12眼(23.1%)。1次手术治愈者47眼(90.4%),再次手术者5眼(9.6%);术后早期轻度玻璃体再出血者5眼(9.6%),晚期玻璃体再出血合并新生血管性青光眼者1眼(1.9%),感染性眼内炎者1眼(1.9%)。本组患者在我院内科确诊患有合并症的患者为17例(42.
简介:目的比较24h眼压监测中夜间即刻坐位眼压值和坐起休息10min后测得的眼压值,探讨夜间眼压的不同测量方法对青光眼24h眼压昼夜波动的影响。方法对已确诊且未用药、未做过手术的48例正常眼压性青光眼及17例原发性开角型青光眼患者进行24h眼压监测,每2h1次,其中测量夜间0:00、2:00、4.00眼压时,逐个唤起患者后立即测,后嘱患者坐起休息10min再测,采用SPSS软件以配对t检验分析比较测量结果。结果夜间即刻坐位眼压值和坐起休息10rain后测得的眼压值差异有统计学意义(P〈0.001),正常眼压性青光眼与原发性开角型青光眼间眼压差值差异有统计学意义(P〈0.05)。结论即刻坐位眼压值能更准确反映夜间眼压,对24h眼压测量及青光眼诊断及治疗更有价值,值得临床应用。
简介:AIM:Toestimatetheprevalenceandriskfactorsforvitreousfloatersinthegeneralpopulation.·METHODS:Anelectronicsurveywasadministeredthroughasmartphoneappaskingvariousdemographicandhealthquestions,includingwhetherusersexperiencefloatersintheirfieldofvision.Multivariatelogisticregressionanalysiswasusedtodetermineriskfactors.·RESULTS:Atotalof603individualscompletedthesurvey,with76%reportingthattheyseefloaters,and33%reportingthatfloaterscausednoticeableimpairmentinvision.Myopeswere3.5timesmorelikely(P=0.0004),andhyperopes4.4timesmorelikely(P=0.0069)toreportmoderatetoseverefloaterscomparedtothosewithnormalvision.Floaterprevalencewasnotsignificantlyaffectedbyrespondentage,race,gender,andeyecolor.·CONCLUSION:Vitreousfloaterswerefoundtobeaverycommonphenomenoninthisnon-clinicalgeneralpopulationsample,andmorelikelytobeimpairinginmyopesandhyperopes.
简介:AIM:ToanalyzecasesofobstructionofthenasolacrimalductwhichcreatesafertileenvironmentforsecondarybacterialInfectionandcanresultindacryocystitis,whichisaconstantthreattocorneaandorbitalsofttissueandapotentialsourceofendophthalmitisfollowingintraocularsurgery.Themajorityofobstructionsofthelacrimalexcretoryoutflowsystemareacquiredonesoccurringinadulthoodandinvolvingthedistalpartsofthesystem.Acquiredobstructionmaybeprimary/idiopathicorsecondarytoawidevarietyofinfectious,inflammatory,traumatic,mechanical,toxicorneoplasticcausesmimickingidiopathicinflammation.Thesecasesaretreatedbydacryocystorhinostomy(DCR).METHODS:Thepresentstudywasconductedtodeterminethehistopathologic,immunohistochemicalandcurrentmicrobiologiccharacteristicsoflacrimalsacspecimensinpatientsundergoingexternaldacryocystorhinostomy.RESULTS:Non-specificlacrimalsacpathologywaspresentinall33casesand81.8%ofthecasesshowedmoderatechronicinflammationwithachronicinflammatoryscore(CIS)rangingbetween4and6,whereas12.12%showedsevereinflammatorychangeswithaCISof7.Milddegreeofinflammationwasseenin6.06%withaCISof3.Thetotalprevalenceofgrampositive,gram-negative,andculture-negativesampleswere59.4%,37.5%,and3%respectively.CONCLUSION:Non-specificchronicinflammationwithfibrosisisindeedthemostcommonlyreportedhistopathologicalfindinginlacrimalsacwallbiopsyspecimens.
简介:目的了解安阳县≥40岁自觉视力障碍的农民盲与低视力的患病率及致盲原因.方法安阳县各行政村中,≥40岁自觉视力障碍的农民为筛查对象.采用WHO盲与低视力标准和白内障诊断标准.由眼科医生作眼部检查.对所有视力<0.3的患眼进行主要病因诊断,确诊所有白内障患者,并筛选出需手术治疗者.结果共检查853例,盲目患者23例,患病率2.70%,低视力患者99例,患病率4.27%,致盲的主要眼病依次为白内障、角膜病、青光眼、视网膜病等.共筛查出533例白内障,行白内障手术治疗301人次,脱残率98%,脱盲率99.34%.结论白内障仍是盲和低视力的首要病因,防盲治盲的重点仍是白内障复明手术.