简介：Thisperspectivepaperintroducestheconceptthatnanocarbonsandrelatedmaterialssuchascarbondotsareaninterestingintrinsicphotocatalyticsemiconductingmaterial,andnotonlyamodifieroftheexisting(semiconducting)materialstopreparehybridmaterials.Thesemiconductingpropertiesofthenanocarbons,andthepossibilitytohavethebandgapwithinthevisible-lightregionthroughdefectbandengineering,introductionoflightheteroatomsandcontrol/manipulationofthecurvatureorsurfacefunctionalizationarediscussed.Thesematerialsareconceptuallydifferentfromthe'classical'semiconductingphotocatalysts,becausesemiconductordomainswithtuneablecharacteristicsareembeddedinaconductivecarbonmatrix,withthepresenceofvariousfunctionalgroups(asC=Ogroups)enhancingchargeseparationbytrappingelectrons.Thesenanocarbonsopenarangeofnewpossibilitiesforphotocatalysisbothforenergeticandenvironmentalapplications.Theuseofnanocarbonsasquantumdotsandphotoluminescentmaterialswasalsoanalysed.

简介：Assumingthatthelithiationreactionoccursrandomlyinindividualsmallparticlesinthevicinityofthereactionfront,asimplemodelofdiffusioninduceddislocationswasdeveloped.Thediffusion-induceddislocationsarecontrolledbythemisfitstraincreatedbythediffusionofsoluteatomsorthephasetransformationinthevicinityofthereactionfront.Thedislocationdensityisproportionaltothetotalsurfaceareaofthe"lithiatedparticle"andinverselyproportionaltotheparticlevolume.Thediffusion-induceddislocationsrelievethediffusion-inducedstresses.

简介：AccordingtothepreliminarystatisticsofthemagneticmaterialsbranchofAssociationofChinarareearthindustry,therareearthpermanentmagneticmaterialsindustrymaintainedagoodmomentumofdevelopmentfromJanuarytoOctober2018,benefitingfromtherapiddevelopmentofnewenergyvehicles,energy-savinghouseholdappliances,industrialrobotsetc.Theoutputofpermanentmagneticmaterialsgrewsteadilyandtheproportionofhigh-endproductsaccountedfornearly60%.Amongthem,productionofsinteredNdFeBwas129,500tons,ayear-on-yeargrowthof5%.TheoutputsofbondedNdFeBandSmComagnetswere5,500tonsand2,100tonsrespectively,unchangedthanthesameperiodlastyear.

简介：ThecomplexcoatingontheMgO-CaOclinkerwaspreparedbydippingmethodandaddingthesecondmineraltorestraintheformationandexpansionofthecracks.Meanwhile,thericrostructureandthemorphologyofthecoatingandhydrationresistanceoftheMgO-CaOclinkerwerealsoinvestigated.TheresultshowsthatthecoatingconsistsmainlyofCa2P2O7,MgOandCaCO3,itsthicknessrangesfrom5μmto20μm,andthecoatingisdenseandeven,nomicro-cracksareobserved.Also,thecoatingadherescloselytothematrix.ThehydrationresistanceoftheMgO-CaOclinkeraftertreatmentisimprovedgreatly,andthecastablespreparedwiththetreatedMgO-CaOclinkerhavebetterphysicalpropertiesthanMgOcastable.

简介：Oneoffundamentalbutdifficultproblemsindamagemechanicsistheformulationoftheef-fectiveconstitutiverelationofmicrocrack-weakenedbrittleorquasi-brittlematerialsundercomplexloading,especiallywhenmicrocrackinteractionistakenintoaccount.Thecombinationofphenomenologicalandmi-cromechanicaldamagemechanicsisapromisingapproachtoconstructinganapplicabledamagemodelwithafirmphysicalfoundation.Inthispaper,aquasi-micromechanicalmodelispresetedforsimulatingthecon-stitutiveresponseofmicrocrack-weakenedmaterialsundercomplexloading.Themicrocrackingdamageischaracterizedintermsoftheorientationdomainofmicrocrackgrowth(DMG)aswellasascalarmicrocrackdensityparameter.TheDMGdescribesthecomplexdamageanditsevolutionassociatedwithmicrocrackgrowth,whilethescalarmicrocrackdensityfactordefiningtheisotropicmagnitudeofdamageyieldsaneasycalculationoftheeffectsofmicrocrackinteractiononeffectiveelasticmoduli.

简介：Theproblemofananti-planeGriffithcrackmovingalongtheinterfaceofdissimilarpiezoelectricmaterialsissolvedbyusingtheintegraltransformtechnique.Itisshownfromtheresultthattheintensityfactorsofanti-planestressandelectricdisplacementaroundthecracktiparedepen-dentonthespeedoftheGriffithcrackaswellasthematerialcoefficients.Whenthetwopiezoelectricmaterialsareidentical,thepresentresultwillbereducedtotheresultfortheproblemofananti-planemovingGriffithcrackinhomogeneouspiezoelectricmaterials.

简介：ＯＮＴＨＥＦＵＮＤＡＭＥＮＴＡＬＰＲＯＢＬＥＭＦＯＲＡＮＩＮＦＩＮＩＴＥＥＬＡＳＴＩＣＰＬＡＮＥＢＯＮＤＥＤＢＹＤＩＦＦＥＲＥＮＴＡＮＩＳＯＴＲＯＰＩＣＭＡＴＥＲＩＡＬＳＷＩＴＨＣＲＡＣＫＳＺＨＥＮＧＫＥ（ＤｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔｏｆＭａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃ...

简介：垫子是在木排和地面之间的小粒的材料的层。在垫子和木排之间的接口的shear行为可以影响上层建筑的地震表演。为了确定，这影响，水平砍在在monotonic并且周期的装载下面的不同垫子材料和具体木排之间的接口上的测试被执行。垂直压力Pv,材料类型和垫子厚度hc作为变量被拿。结论包括：1)在装载的monotonic下面，Pv是最重要的因素；shear抵抗Phmax作为Pv增加，而是抵抗n有一个相反的趋势；2)因为材料在这研究使用了，n从0.40～0.70变化，接口磨擦角度s从20变化

简介：我们与强壮的纺纱轨道的couplings在三维、二维的材料处于悦耳的拓扑的量状态考察我们的理论进展。在三维的系统，我们建议新悦耳的拓扑的绝缘体，拓扑的绝缘在说的基于铋的skutterudites能被外部种类导致。涉及拓扑的乐队倒置过程的orbitals是d-orbitals,和p轨道，不同于象双性人那样的典型拓扑的绝缘体<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>2Se<潜水艇class=“a-plus-plus”>3和BiTeI，在仅仅p轨道涉及乐队倒置的地方，处理。由于大d电子的状态的存在，在我们的建议拓扑的绝缘体的电子相互作用在另外的常规拓扑的绝缘体是比那强壮得多的。在二维的系统，我们调查了3d-transition-metal-dopedsilicene。用一个分析模型和第一原则的Wannier插值，我们表明与象钒那样的金属能支撑的某些3d转变装饰的那silicene稳定的量异常霍尔效果。我们也预言量山谷霍尔效果和电子上悦耳的拓扑的状态能在精力乐队倒置发生的某些transition-metal-dopedsilicenes被认识到。这些调查结果提供拓扑的状态能任意地在被控制的现实主义的材料。

简介：Amolecularnetworkconstitutivemodelisproposedinthisstudy.Basedontheconceptofmolecularnetworkdecomposition,themolecularnetworkwasdecomposedintoaJames-Guth3-chainnetworkmodelandanArruda-Boyce8-chainnetworkmodel.Consideringthatthesinglemolecularchainofrubberisconstrainedbythesurroundingmolecularnetworks,the3-chainmodelandthe8-chainmodelwereconsequentlymodifiedusingthetubetheory.Theproposedmodelcontainsfourmaterialparametersthatweredeterminedbyfittingtheuniaxialtensiletestdatafromrubber-likematerials,andthevaluesoftheseparameterswereutilizedtodeterminethepureshearandthebiaxialextension.Theproposedmodelagreeswellwiththeexperimentaldataandcanpredictthetestresultsofexperimentsperformedundertheconditionsofpureshearandequi-biaxialdeformationwithacceptableaccuracy.

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简介：Newcarbonbondedfilterswith'activeandreactivecoatings'forhigherfiltrationefficiencyofaluminabasedinclusionsaswellasnano-engineeredfilterswithnano-scaledadditivesareexploredwiththeaidofimpingementtestsandareevaluatedaccordingtotheircoldcrushingstrengthsatroomtemperature.ThecombinationofcarbonnanotubesandaluminananosheetsadditivesleadstoinsituformationofAl3CON.Boththenanoscaledadditivesaswellastheextraalumina'active'coatingleadtoimprovedmechanicalperformanceofthecarbonbondedfiltersandopenthehorizonforfiltermacrostructureswithhigherfiltrationcapacitiesinmeansofbiggerdimensions.InafurtherstepMWCNT(multiwalledcarbonnanotubes)incombinationwithasyntheticpitchhavebeenusedasafunctionalcoatingonthesurfaceofaluminacarbonbondedfilters.Thesefiltershavethenbeenevaluatedalsowithuncoatedfiltersinaspecialcastingsimulatorandtheinteractionsbetweensteelandfilteringmaterialhavebeeninvestigated.

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简介：Montmorillonite(MMT)wasdirectlymodifiedwithhexadecyltrimethylammoniumbromide.Theinterlayerspacingoftheorganophilicmontmorillonite(organo-MMT)correspondingtothed(001)planepeakwas2.21nm.Theinfluencesofthecontentoforgano-MMTandmixingconditionsincludingmixingtemperatureandmixingtimeontheintercalationandexfoliationstructuresofMMT/epoxyresincompositeswereinvestigatedbywideX-raydiffraction(WXRD).TheX-raypatternsrevealthatorgano-MMTwasintercalatedbytheepoxyresinduringmixingprocess.Onlyundercertainmixingconditions,couldtheexfoliationnanocompositesbeformed.Themechanicalandthermalpropertiesofthecompositesweremeasured.TheresultsindicatethatthecompositeshavebettermechanicalpropertiesandhigherTgthanthoseofthepristineepoxyresin.

简介：Todaysteelisproducedbytwosteelmakingprocesses,thebasicoxygenfurnaceandtheelectricarcfurnace.Threetypesofironinputmaterialsforbothprocessesareliquidhotmetalorinsolidifiedformaspigiron,directreducediron(DRI)andhotbriquettediron(HBI)aswellassteelscrap.Hotmetal,pigiron,DRIandHBIarevirginironmaterials,whichhavetobeproducedfromironorebytheso-calledironmakingtechnologies.Newironmakingprocessesbasedonfluidizedbedtechnologyhavebeendevelopedinthelasttwodecades.Themainadvantageofthesetechnologiesisthatfineorecanbedirectlyusedintheprocessesandpriortreatmentsuchassinteringorpelletizingcanbeavoidedwhichisrequiredfortheestablishedprocesses.Theoreticalaspectsforreductionoffineironoxidesinafluidizedbedreactorsystemwillbeexplained.Thefluidizedbedreducingtechnologiesutilizedinthemostadvancednewironmakingprocessesfordirectuseoffineore,FINMET,Circored,FINEXandHIsmeltwillbecompared.

简介：Preparationofhierarchicallyporous,heteroatom-richnanostructuredcarbonsthroughgreenandscalableroutesplaysakeyroleforpracticalenergystorageapplications.Inthiswork,naturallyabundantlignocellulosicagriculturalwastewithhighinitialoxygencontent,hazelnutshells,werehydrothermallycarbonizedandconvertedintonanostructured‘hydrochar’.Environmentallybenignceramic/magnesiumoxide（MgO）templatingwasusedtointroduceporosityintothehydrochar.Electrochemicalperformanceoftheresultingmaterial（HM700）wasinvestigatedinaqueoussolutionsof1MH2SO4,6MKOHand1MNa2SO4,usingathree-electrodecell.HM700achievedahighspecificcapacitanceof323.2F/gin1MH2SO4（at1A/g,-0.3to0.9Vvs.Ag/AgCl）duetothecontributionsofoxygenheteroatoms（13.5wt%）tothetotalcapacitancebypseudo-capacitiveeffect.Moreover,amaximumenergydensityof11.1Wh/kgandamaximumpowerdensityof3686.2W/kgwereattainedforthesymmetricsupercapacitoremployingHM700aselectrodematerial（1MNa2SO4,E=2V）,makingthedevicepromisingforgreensupercapacitorapplications.

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简介：MedicalforgedCoCrMoalloywastreatedbyplasmanitridingprocess.Themicrostructureswerecharacterizedby3Dprofiler,SEMandXRD.Thetribologicalpropertieswereinvestigatedunderlubricationof25%bovineserumsolution.Resultsshowthatplasmanitridingisapromisingprocesstoproducethick,hard,andmorewearresistantlayersonthesurfaceofCoCrMoalloy.AllnitridedsamplesshowedanimportantincreaseinthesurfacehardnessduetotheformationofharderCrNandCr2Nphaseswithcompactnano-crystallinestructures.ThetypicalhardnessvaluesofHV0.05increasedalmosttwotimesthanuntreatedone.Underbovineserumlubrication,atlownitridingtemperaturetheCoefficientofFriction（COF）ofnitridedsamplewaslowerthanthatofuntreatedsample,butathighnitridingtemperaturetheCOFwasalmostthesameastheuntreatedone.Comparedwiththeuntreatedsample,thenitridedsamplesshowedlowerwearratesandhigherwearresistanceunderdifferentnitridingtemperatures.TheadhesivewearisthemainmechanismforuntreatedCoCrMoalloyandthewearmechanismsofnitridedonesarethefatiguewearandslightadhesivewear.ItisconcludedthattheimprovementofwearresistanceisascribedtothehardnitrideformationofCrNandCr2Nphasesatthenitridedsurfaces.

简介：Thispaperpresentsahybridgradedelementmodelforthetransientheatconductionprobleminfunctionallygradedmaterials(FGMs).First,aLaplacetransformapproachisusedtohandlethetimevariable.Then,afundamentalsolutioninLaplacespaceforFGMsisconstructed.Next,ahybridgradedelementisformulatedbasedontheobtainedfundamentalsolutionandaframefield.Asaresult,thegradedpropertiesofFGMsarenaturallyreflectedbyusingthefundamentalsolutiontointerpolatetheintra-elementfield.Further,Stefest'salgorithmisemployedtoconverttheresultsinLaplacespacebackintothetime-spacedomain.Finally,theperformanceoftheproposedmethodisassessedbyseveralbenchmarkexamples.Theresultsdemonstratewelltheefficiencyandaccuracyoftheproposedmethod.

简介：当控制媒介的湿度被测试，控制作为基本水泥材料和激活的海泡石包含石膏的材料的一些湿度的吸收/解吸附作用性质搽粉。潮湿吸附/解吸附作用的动力学曲线被拉，在自然环境控制性能的湿度被验证。试验性的结果证明潮湿吸收/解吸附作用率被增加，并且速度也被加速。这些材料，能有效地调整环境湿度，是有控制性能的好湿度的新的。