简介：到在不同反应条件下面的石蜡(MTO)的甲醇的变换试验性地在不同催化剂上被调查，并且比较在SAPO-34andGOR-MLC催化剂之间被做。反应条件的优化被探索了。到在在不同反应温度下面的这些催化剂上的石蜡的甲醇的变换是试验性地，studied.Ina修理了床微反应堆，温度的影响被发现是石蜡产出的主要factors.Forboth催化剂之一当水被加到460-480degC的methanolfeed.A温度范围时，显著地被增加与适当催化剂活动和C_2-C_3石蜡对甲醇变换显得是最佳范围合适产量。一些另外的烃面对SAPO-34催化剂出现在MTO反应期间，当当GOR-MLC催化剂被使用时，很多ofdimethylether被形成时。在MTO反应期间，theGOR-MLC催化剂被发现让更快的催化剂释放与SAPO-34catalyst相比评价。

简介：ThreedifferenttypesofVGOwereselectedandcutintovariousdistillatesbytrueboiling-pointdistillation(TBD),andthedistillateswerefurtherseparatedintodifferentcomponents(saturates,aromaticsandresins)viasolidphaseextraction(SPE).Thehydrocarboncomponentsinsaturatesandaromaticswerecharacterizedonthequasi-molecularlevelbyGC/MSandGC/TOFMS.CrackingreactionsofVGO,theirdistillates,andhydrocarboncomponents(saturatesandaromatics)wereperformedonanACE(modelAP)unit.Ninecorrelationparameters(mainlybasedonthepreviousassumptionofbasicstructureunits,BSU)whichcouldbetterreflectthestructuresandcompositionsofhydrocarbonswereputforwardbasedonthequasi-molecularlevelanalysisdata,andcorrelatedwithFCCproductdistributionbymulti-regressionmethod.Aseriesofcorrelationformulaswereobtained.TheformulaswerefurtherverifiedbycomparingexperimentalandcalculatedFCCyieldsemanatedfromtwootherVGOfeedstocks.

简介：Investigationsonthepyrolysisandkineticbehaviorsduringpyrolysisoffossilfuelsamples,suchascoal,arefundamentalfordevelopingtherelatedtechnologyandpracticalapplication.Inthiswork,pyrolysisbehaviorandkineticsinthepyrolysisprocessofacoalsamplewereinvestigatedbythethermogravimetricanalyzerataheatingrateof10,40,70,100,200,and500°C/min,respectively.ThepyrolysisprocesscouldbedividedintofourstagesaccordingtotheTG/DTGcurves.Thefirststagewasmainlyattributedtotheremovalofvolatiles,andthesecondpeakwasthepolycondensationreactionbetweenthevolatilecomponents.Itwasfoundthatmorevolatilescouldbereleasedfromcoalduringpyrolysisathigherheatingrateandthehigherpyrolysistemperaturewasnecessaryforarapidpyrolysisprocess.Kineticanalysisrevealedthatboththemodel-free(KASandFWO)andtheCoats-Redfernmethodsweresuitabletodescribingthepyrolysisprocess,andthevariationofactivationenergy(E)withthetwotypesofkineticmodelswasconsistentduringthewholepyrolysisprocess.Furthermore,theheatingratedidnotalterthereactionsequenceofthewholepyrolysisprocess,buthigherheatingratecouldmaketheEvalueoftheinitialpyrolysisstagesmaller.

简介：ThegreenandeffectiveBaeyer-Villigeroxidationreactionofcyclohexanoneforpreparingε-caprolactoneisofparticularimportanceinthesynthesisofnewpolymermaterials.WehavediscussedhereseveralmechanismtypesofBaeyer-VilligeroxidationofcyclohexanonewithH2O2indifferentreactionsystems.Fivemaintypeshavebeenaddressed,i.e.:(1)thenon-catalyzedreactiontype,wheretheC=OofketonesisactivatedbyH+,whichiselectrolyticallydissociatedfromH2O2andH2O,toimprovethecapabilityofC=Ogroupforacceptingtheelectronpairs;(2)thethermallyactivatedradicalreactiontype,wheretheCriegeeintermediateisproducedviatwostepsofradicalreactionwith·OHattack,withmuchmorehydroxylradicalsbeingexcitedinthepresenceofTS-1zeolite;(3)theBrnstedacidcatalysisreactiontype,wherebothO-OmoietyandC=OgroupcouldbeactivatedbyBrnstedacid;(4)thesolidLewisacidcatalyzedC=Oofthesubstrateactivationreactiontypethroughenhancingthedonor-acceptorinteractionbetweentheantibondingπ*C=OorbitalofcyclohexanoneandHOMOofSn-containingzeolites;and(5)thesolidLewisacidcatalyzedH2O2toformMe-OOHoxidativespeciesbyconvertingthehighestoccupiedmolecularorbital(HOMO)ofTi-OOHintoasinglyoccupiedmolecularorbital(SOMO),makingtheO-OgrouphighlyelectrophilictoattacktheC=OofcyclohexanoneduringtheBaeyer-Villigeroxidationprocess.Intheend,wehavealsocomparedthedifferentmechanismsandputforwardouropinionsonthedevelopmentdirectionofcatalyticmaterialsaimingateco-friendlyBaeyer-Villigeroxidationofcyclohexanoneintheyearstocome.