简介:人工智能时代的公共数据不仅释放了经济和社会价值,而且成为推动社会治理现代化、促进数字经济高质量发展和实现国家治理体系与治理能力现代化的关键力量.公共数据处理者的权责配置应当与人工智能发展水平相适应.当前公共数据的数据处理者权责不够清晰和周延,限制了公共数据开放和利用的进一步发展.根据权责对等原则,在处理公共数据时,应当赋予不同主体以不同的职责和权限.为此提出公共数据处理者权责配置思路是从数据确权到数据管理运营权的确立,构建公共数据处理者管理、运营、开发的权责体系,并在此基础上明确公共数据处理者责任主体范围、建立多维风险防范措施、平衡数据开放与个人信息及隐私保护、强化数据开放和获取的公平性等公共数据处理者权责配置具体措施.Abstract:In the era of artificial intelligence,public data not only unleashes economic and social value but also be-comes a key force in promoting the modernization of social governance,fostering high-quality development of the digi-tal economy,and achieving the modernization of the national governance system and governance capabilities.The allo-cation of rights and responsibilities of public data processors should be in line with the level of artificial intelligence de-velopment.At present,the rights and responsibilities of data processors of public data are not clear and extended,which limits the further development of public data opening and utilization.To this end,the idea of configuring the rights and responsi...
简介:如何在监管人工智能风险与支持人工智能创新之间寻求平衡点,已经成为人工智能治理的核心问题.为缓和监管和创新的紧张关系,各国监管机构逐渐将发端于金融领域的监管沙盒应用于人工智能治理中.人工智能监管沙盒不仅有助于控制技术风险,还避免扼杀人工智能创新,为我国人工智能治理开辟一条具有可行性的新路径.它为尚未投入市场的新型人工智能提供了进行开发和试验的可控环境,在监管机构可控范围内为创新者保留了必要的试错容错空间.相较于传统自上而下的硬性监管、事后监管和严格监管方式,监管沙盒以敏捷与包容审慎的理念对人工智能进行全周期的治理.但其也具有固有局限性并且在运行中可能会遇到实践障碍,需要更合理的制度加以克服.我国人工智能监管沙盒制度应当构建与完善准入与退出机制、沙盒与个人信息保护的协调机制,以及豁免、披露和沟通交流等机制,...Abstract:The main challenge in AI governance today is striking a balance between controlling AI dangers and foster-ing AI innovation.Regulators in a number of nations have progressively extended the regulatory sandbox,which was first implemented in the banking sector,to AI governance in an effort to reduce the conflict between regulation and in-novation.The AI regulatory sandbox is a new and feasible route for AI governance in China that not only helps to man-age the risks of technology application but also prevents inhibiting AI innovation.It keeps inventors'trial-and-error tolerance space inside the regulatory purview while offering a controlled setting for the development and testing of novel AI that hasn't yet bee
简介:从2003年6月的CNNIC诉3721到今年百度诉3721这两起网络关键字搜索服务引起的案件来看,不管其背后的目的何在,我们均不得不承认网络关键字的搜索服务已成为网络服务市场争夺的热点。中国在这一新兴领域没有现成的规范引导,造成目前各方混战。规范这一领域已是必然,但究竟是采用国家强制手段还是采用行业自律规范,正是我们目前所面临的问题。一方面法律要求的稳定性很难适应技术的飞速发展;一方面完全放任的行业自律将有可能造成更深一层的垄断,其最终结果仍不利于网络关键字寻址服务市场的规范。因此,只有将法律规范的稳定性、强制性与行业自律规范的灵活性、自愿性结合起来,才能使这一领域在有秩序的竞争中实现网络关键字寻址服务商、企业和网民间利益的平衡。
简介:从著作权法的角度观察,私人书信拍卖争议中人格商品化的责问值得深究。对这个问题作更深层的理论解读,要求我们进入到著作权权利本身特性的考察之中。从商业垄断特权,发展到今天我们所理解的作品上权利获得财产权利的性质,在著作权观念变迁的过程中,"作品"这一概念起到了核心作用。而财产权利规则下的作品认定,遵循著作权法规则中的"原创性"要件,将作者人格化要素加以客观化并外在地固定下来的同时,仍兼具了模糊处理最低限度创造性标准的开放结构。由此特殊的、甚至是矛盾的法律架构,"作品"才得以将人格这类不作市场交易的要素,成功改造为今天信息社会条件下著作权规则主导的商品。
简介:赋权规制与公共领域规制作为现有对人工智能生成内容保护的规制逻辑,前者面临"独创性"认定标准不一、权利主体及内容不明等争议;后者虽能满足公共性使用的需求,但存在激励机制缺失、公共性资源滥用等问题,难以有效维护各方利益.相比之下,采取行为规制逻辑,不仅能够有效促进公共利益目标的实现、凝聚社会成员公共性使用的"普遍性共识",还能有效实现对产业发展的合理激励与利益平衡,在推动技术创新的同时兼顾利益的分配公平.关于人工智能生成内容保护的行为规制路径建构,应当通过厘清人工智能生成内容所蕴含的市场性利益、营业性利益以及公共性利益三重保护利益,并基于利益指向实现人工智能生成内容的动态保护,以此为技术演变与产业发展提供更加灵活的空间,实现科技与法律关系的良性互动与逻辑自洽.Abstract:Empowerment regulation and public domain regulation are the existing regulatory logics for AI-generated content protection,but the former is faced with controversies such as different criteria for the determination of"original-ity",uncertainty of the subject of the right and its content;although the latter can meet the demand for public use,there are problems such as lack of incentives and misuse of public resources,which makes it difficult to effectively pro-tect the interests of all parties.In contrast,adopting the logic of behavioural regulation can not only effectively promote the realization of the public interest goal and gather the"general consensus"of the public use of the members of the so-ciety;it can also...