简介: 摘 要:随着人们生活水平的提高,无论是住房还是公共场所都会使用豪华而又高档的装饰装修材料,随之而来就会引起不同程度的空气污染。室内空气污染的来源有室外和室内两部分组成。室外来源主要有外界空气污染物进入、室外物品携带的污染物、通过人体室外活动带入的污染物。而室内来源主要包括:装饰装修材料、家用电器、生活活动以及日用化学品的使用等。建筑装修材料是室内空气污染来源最主要的污染因素。 关键词:装饰装修材料;环境影响;措施 Abstract: With the improvement of people's living standards, luxury and high-grade decoration materials will be used in both housing and public places, which will lead to different degrees of air pollution. The sources of indoor air pollution are composed of outdoor and indoor parts. Outdoor sources mainly include air pollutants, pollutants carried by outdoor articles and pollutants brought by human outdoor activities. Indoor sources include decoration materials, household appliances, living activities and the use of daily chemicals. Building decoration materials are the main source of indoor air pollution.
简介:[目的]了解新装饰居室内不同人群个体接触空气中甲醛的浓度及其健康效应。[方法]在新装饰住宅用被动式采样法对住宅内不同个体进行采样,并用AHMT分光光度法进行个体甲醛接触量的分析。[结果]人群个体接触室内甲醛量低于室内甲醛对照量。在正常生活和工作情况下,接触室内甲醛的个体中,有77.3%超过一级标准,56.1%超过二级标准,36.4%超过三级标准,其中以中老年组超标最严重。同时,在接触的人群个体中,多数人出现不同程度的眼、鼻、咽刺激症状,头痛、头晕、睡眠不好、记忆力减退等症状。其中以睡眠不好最严重(43.9%),眼刺激次之(36.4%)。同时,嗅味刺激也较明显(30.3%)。个体接触甲醛的量与层次和住宅主通风量有关。[结论]在新装饰住宅内,暴露人群个体接触甲醛浓度超标严重,对人群健康产生很大的危害。加大住宅主通风面积有助于降低室内甲醛个体接触浓度。