简介: INTRODUCTION Nanoparticles,fortheirsubcellularsize,havebeenaimportantcarrierinsomefields.Thesefieldsincludepharmacology,food,cosmetic,etc.Here,wefocusonpresentapplicationsofnanoparticlesindrugcarrierandgenecarrier. ……
简介:Foryearssufferingfromhypertension,Mrs.Zhang,nowinher60s,isafrequentvisitortoBeijingDewaiCommunityHospitalinherneighborhood.'Ifeeltoopainstakingtogotoa'bighos-pital,''shesays.'Busesarealwaysovercrowdedandslow,notsuitableforpeoplelikeme.Besides,community-basedmedicalinstitutionschargelessfortreatmentofthesamediseases.'InChina,a'bighospital'isamedicalinstitutionlargeinsizeandfullyequipped,inmanycasesstaffedbysomeofthemostreputedmedicalexpertslocallyornationwide.Meanwhile,community-basedhospitalsandclinicsareoftenreferredtoas'smallhospitals.'
简介:56patientswithtinnitusweretreatedforthreeweeksintheInselkinikHefingsdorfincompetencecenteroftinnituswithacupuncture,modempsychosomatictherapy,alliedwithhyperbaricoxygentherapy.TheTCMinterventionconsistedofmedicalacupuncturetwiceaweekand“Fivedementspalm”Qi-gongtrainingthreetimesperweek.SpecificconstellationofacupuncturepointswerechosenaccordingtotheprescriptionoftraditionalChinesestandardsandmodifiedtowelltestedpreprovedacupuncturestudy.
简介:Themainrequirementsforcurrentmedicalpracticeincludetheabilitytosolvecomplexmedicalproblemsandtohandlemedicaldevices.Asaresult,graduatesofmedicineareexpectedtohaveanadequatelevelofphysicalandtechnicalliteracy.Theaimofourstudywastofindouthowstudentsofmedicine,aftercompletingthesubjectBiophysics,solveamodelproblemfrommedicalpracticeandthefactorsthatcanaffectthecorrectnessoftheirsolution.Onehundredandtwenty-ninestudentswereaskedtorespondtothefollowingproblem:“Atfirstsight,astethoscopeappearstobeingoodcondition(bell,diaphragm,andtransfersystem)butyoudonothearanythingduringauscultation.Givereasons.”Alloftheanswerswerecategorisedandevaluatedquantitativelyandqualitatively.Thestudentswerenotabletocomprehensivelysolvethisproblem.Theyreliedontheirknowledgeofthemethodologyofmeasurementratherthanonthephysicalprinciplesofthemedicaldevice.Thesolutionssignificantlydependedongenderandtheirexperiencebeforeenteringmedicalschool.Therefore,weproposetheuseofproblem-basedlearningthatfocusesonrealpracticeproblemsintheteachingprocessatschoolsofalllevels.Implementingthismethodofteachingoverthelong-termwillenablestudentstofindtherightalgorithmforproblem-solving.
简介:Intheindustrializedcountriesthemaingoalatthenationalhealthcarepolicymakinglevelistocontaincostswithoutcompromizingthetwogoalsofhealthcare:accessandquality.Atthesametimemedicineisevolvingthroughinevntions,inno-vationsandimprovements.Technologieswhichcanbeusedtoprolonglifebutwhicharenotcurativehavealsoimprovedandbecomewidelyused.Withtheageingpopu-lationsoftheindustrializedcountriescontainingcostsisgettingextremelydifficult.
简介:Aseriesofuncharged,anionic,cationic,andheparinizedpolyetherurethanes(PEUs)wassynthesized.ThesoftsegmentsofthesePEUswererespectivelyobtainedbypolyte-tramethyleneoxideofmolecularweight1000(PTMO-1000),polythyleneglycolofmolecularweight1000(PEG-1000),PEG-4000,andthemixtureofPEG-4000withPTMO-1000orPEG-1000.Thehardsegmentsconsistedof4,4’-methylenediphenylenediisocyanate(MDI)whichwasextendedwithethylenediamie(ED),1,4Mbutanediol(BD),N-methyldiethanolamine(MDEA),orL-Sodiumα,ε-diaminocaproate(SDAC),respectively.ThechemicalstructureofdifferentPEUswasconfirmedbynuclearmagneticresonance.Waterabsorptionsweremeasured.Theresultsshowedthattheionic,heparinizedPEUs,andthePEUscontainedPEG-4000assoftsegmentshavehigherwaterabsorptionsthanordinaryPEUs.ThePEUsbasedmainlyonPEG-4000assoftsegmentsareakindofhighhydroscopicpolymermate-rials,andtheirhydroscopicityincreaseswithPEG-4000insoftsegment.