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简介：Sixnovelbenzoylphenylureachitininhibitorderivativesweresynthesizedintheyieldsof30%-50%fromthereadilyavailablestartingmaterialchlorothalonil1viasequentialfluorineexchange,aminolysis,hydrolysisandacylationreactions.

简介：Thepermeationbehaviorofmicrocapsulesormembraneshasbeenstudiedex-tensivelyforitsimportanceindesigningandconstructingsustaineddrugreleasede-vicesandartificialcells.Particularly,biomedicalmembraneiswidelyusedanddevel-opedoTherehavebeennumerousstudiesonthepermeabilityoflowmolecularweightsolutesthroughmembranes.Thestimulussensitivemembraneshavenotbeenfullyexploredyet.Thispaperwasmainlyconcernedwithspecialfunctionmembranespre-

简介：peritrophic矩阵(下午)为昆虫是必要的它由食物粒子，病原体，和毒素保护midgut上皮免受损坏的伤害的消化系统生理学。下午也由于它的peros可接近性是为新害虫控制策略的开发的一个吸引人的目标。理解PM怎么执行这些函数，PM的分子的体系结构用genomic被检验，proteomic在Mamestraconfigurata来临(鳞翅目：Noctuidae)，饰有十字架的oilseed的一个主要害虫在北美洲收割。PM的液体层析双人脚踏车团spectrometry分析识别了是分类的82蛋白质：(i)peritrophins，与一个CBDIII领域包括一个新班；(ii)酶在几丁质修正(几丁质deacetylases)包含了，消化(丝氨酸朊酶，aminopeptidases，carboxypeptidases，脂肪分解酵素和α-amylase)或另外的反应(β-1,3-glucanase，碱的磷酸酶，dsRNase，虾红素，pantetheinase)；(iii)没有已知的orthologs，由polycalin，REPAT，serpin，C类型lectin和Lsti99/Lsti201和3新奇蛋白质组成的一个异质的组。编码下午蛋白质的基因在midgut主要被表示。cDNAs编码几丁质synthase-2(McCHS-2)，chitinase(McCHI)，和β-N-acetylglucosaminidase(McNAG)酶，在下午几丁质新陈代谢包含了，也被识别。McCHS-2表示对显示它为在PM，的几丁质合成负责的midgut特定在midgut的唯一的几丁质的材料。相反，编码chitinolytic酶的基因在多重纸巾被表示。McCHS-2，McCHI，和McNAG在喂幼虫的midgut被表示，并且唠叨活动在PM是在场的。这个信息被用来产生鳞翅类的下午建筑学的一个更新的模型。

简介：Theinsectcuticleplaysimportantrolesinnumerousphysiologicalfunctionstoprotectthebodyfrominvasionofpathogens,physicalinjuryanddehydration.Inthisreport,weconductedacomprehensivegenome-widesearchforgenesencodingproteinswithperitrophinA-type(ChtBD2)chitin-bindingdomain(CBD)inthesilkworm,Bombyxmori.Oneofthesegenes,whichencodesthecuticleproteinBmCBP1,wasadditionallycloned,anditsexpressionandlocationduringtheprocessofdevelopmentandmoltinginB.moriwereinvestigated.Intotal,46protein-codinggeneswereidentifiedinthesilkwormgenome,includingthoseencoding15cuticleproteinsanalogoustoperitrophinswithoneCBD(CPAP1s),ninecuticleproteinsanalogoustoperitrophinswiththreeCBD(CPAP3s),15peritrophicmembraneproteins(PMPs),fourchitinases,andthreechitindeacetylases,whichcontainedatleastoneChtBD2domain.MicroarrayanalysisindicatedthatCPAP-encodinggeneswerewidelyexpressedinvarioustissues,whereasPMPgeneswerehighlyexpressedinthemidgut.QuantitativepolymerasechainreactionandwesternblottingshowedthatthecuticleproteinBmCBP1washighlyexpressedintheepidermisandhead,particularlyduringmoltingandmetamorphosis.Animmunofluorescencestudyrevealedthatchitinco-localizedwithBmCBP1attheepidermalsurfaceduringmolting.Additionally,BmCBP1wasnotablyup-regulatedby20-hydroxyecdysonetreatment.Theseresultsprovideagenome-levelviewofthechitin-bindingproteininsilkwormandsuggestthatBmCBP1participatesintheformationofthenewcuticleduringmolting.

简介：Theadsorptionoflowconcentrationoffreeacidbyregenerablechitinisfollowedbyelectricconductancedetermination.Theeffectofacidconcentratioin,contentoffunctioinalaminogroups,andionicstrengthonadsorptionwasdiscussed.Experimentalresultsindicatethattheactivecentreofregenerablechitinisthefreeaminogroupsonistsurface,andthattherateofadsorptionoffreeacidwasfoundtobeaffectedbytwofactors:theinteractionbetweentheadsorbentandtheadsorbateinsolutionandthatbetweentheadsorbatemoleculesorionsinsolution.