简介：BasedontheresultsofmonitoringtheenvironmentofChinaNationalAfforestationProject(NAP)andtheinvestigationoninsectpestsanddiseasesin1.2millionhaofplantations,theauthorelaboratestheareas,speciesandcausesofinsectpestsanddiseasesoccurringintheproject'sareasandprovidesfundamentaltheoryforguidingenvironmentalprotectionandplantationestablishmentinasoundway.Sincetheproject'sactivitiesstrictlyfollovvedtheguidelineofenvironmentalprotectioninpast...

简介：PhyllostachyspraecoxC.D.ChuetC.S.Chao,afavoredbambooshootspecies,hasbeenwidelyplantedinrecentyears.Fourstandswithdifferenthistoricalmanagementpracticeswereselectedforthisstudytounderstandtheevolutionofsoilmicrobialecologybydeterminingtheeffectsofanewmulchingandheavyfertilizationpracticeonsoilqualityusingmicrobiologicalparameters.Comparedwiththetraditionalpractice(index1),microbialbiomasscarbon(MBC)andsoilmicrobialrespirationcarbon(MRC)withthenewmanagementpracticesignificantlydecreased(P＜0.01andP＜0.05,respectively)with1-2yearsofmulching(index2)andthenforcontinuedmulchingsignificantlyincreased(P＜0.05).TheratiosofMBC/TOC(totalorganiccarbon)andMRC/TOCalsosignificantlydiminished(P＜0.05)withmulching.Theaveragewellcolordevelopment(AWCD)andShannonindexdecreasedwithmulchingtime,andthesignificantdecrease(P＜0.05)inShannonindexoccurredfromindex2toindex3.Theresultsfromaprincipalcomponentsanalysis(PCA)showedthatthescoresofthefirstprincipalcomponentforindexes1and2weresignificantlylarger(P＜0.05)thansoilsmulched3-4yearsor5-6years.Also,thesecondprincipalcomponentscoresforindex1werelargerthanthoseforindex2,suggestingthattheabilityofsoilmicroorganismstoutilizesoilcarbonwasdecreasingwithlongeruseofthenewmanagementpracticeandcausingadeteriorationofsoilbiologicalproperties.