简介：环境变化被期望由决定幼苗建立和成功转移分发和许多植被。然而，很当前的生态系统模型仅仅在biogeophysics上集中于不能生活的因素的影响(例如，全球分发，等等)，在人口动力学忽略他们的角色(例如，幼苗建立率，死亡率，等等)生态的社区。如此的疏忽可以在生态系统人口动力学导致偏爱(例如在为在森林生态系统的木质的种类的人口密度的变化)并且特征。在现在的学习，为作为功能而非阀值介绍土壤水的一个新建立计划被开发并且验证，用象一张测试床的版本1.0IAP-DGVM。结果证明在建立计划的土壤水在森林转变地区上有显著影响。与原来的计划相比，新计划显著地改进了树人口密度的模拟，特别在森林和转变地区的外部区域。因而，在森林里偏导部分范围在约78.8%全球格子房间被减少。在相对偏爱从34.3%～4.8%被减少的地方，树，灌木，草和赤裸的土壤的全球模仿的区域分别地更好表现了，从27.6%～13.1%，从55.2%～9.2%，并且从37.6%～3.6%。而且，新计划有更合理的相关性在吝啬的年度降水上种功能的类型(PFT)，并且在亚马逊和中央非洲的热带雨林外设区域描述了正确主导的PFT。

简介：QomolangmaNatureReserve(QNR)coversseveralcounties:Tingri,Nyalam,GyirongandDinggyeunderthejurisdictionofShigatsePrefectureofTibet

简介：TheRomeStatuteontheInternationalCriminalCourt(ICC)cameintoeffectofficiallyonJuly1,2002,signifyingthebirthofthefirstpermanentinternationalcriminaljusticeorganizationinhumanhistory.Althoughitstilltakessometimebeforethecourtgoesintoofficialoperation,thecomingintoeffectoftheStatutesignifiesasolidsteptowardtheloftyideallongcherishedbyman-realizingjudicialjusticeandsafeguardinglastingpeaceintheworld.

简介：AbstractEndometriosis is a prevalent chronic disease that affects approximately 6% to 10% of reproductive-aged women. Although numerous researchers have endeavored to explore the etiology of endometriosis over a century, its etiology still remains an enigma. The exploration of pathophysiologic mechanism and novel therapy for endometriosis depends on ideal endometriotic models. In the previous decade, various endometriotic models have been established; therefore, we made a conclusion for available information on these models. This review summarized the common experimental models used in endometriotic studies, including their origins, characteristics, applications, and limitations. Endometriotic models played an important role in studying etiologies and novel treatments of endometriosis during the last decades. Among them, animal models and endometriotic cell lines were viewed as most common studying tools to explore the intrinsic entities of endometriosis. In addition, endometrial organoid also emerged and was regarded as an ideal studying tool for endometriosis research. Different research models collectively complement each other to advance the endometriosis research. The successful establishment of endometrial organoids means that organoids are expected to become an ideal model for studying endometriosis in the future.

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简介：TheannalistManetho,anativeEgyptianscholar-priestwholivedinthe3rdcenturyBCduringthereignofPtolemyII(285-246BC),wroteahistoryofEgyptinGreekanddividedthehistoryofancientEgyptinto30(or31)dynasties.HebeganwiththeunificationofEgypt,makingaThinite

简介：Thetreesinurbanlandscapes,independentofwhethertheyareinurbanforestsorstandalone,canimproveenvironmentquality,enhanceindividualandcommunitywell-being,provideawiderangeofservicestoindividualsandcommunities,andproduceamorehealthfulandcomfortableenvironmentforthevastmajorityofthepopulation.Knowledgeofthepotentialsignificanceoftreesinurbanlandscapesisexpandingrapidlyasresearchcontinuestodocumenttheimportantrolethaturbanforestsandtreescanplayinimprovingthequalityofurbanlife.Theenvironmentalconditionsinurbanlandscapesare,however,verydifferentfromthenaturalconditionsthatthetreespeciesareadaptedto.Thisposesbigchallengestotheurbanforestryinitseffortstocreatehealthyandvaluabletreesinurbanlandscapes.Onlythroughimplementingsomeimportantmeasureswecanensurehighsurvivalrateofsaplingsandwell-beingandlongevityofurbantrees.

简介：TheestablishmentmeetingofInternationalSocietyofBionicEngineering(ISBE)convenedgrandlyatZhuhai,ChinainSeptember14-16,2010.Relatedofficialsandrepresentativesattendedtheopeningceremony,whocamefromtheResearchCouncils,UK,theNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofAmerica,theBionicSocietyofGer-

简介：Anewsituationhasemergedasaresultofglobalclimatechangefollowingthe'ParisAgreement',whichgivesrisetonewopportunitiesforcarbonmarket.Carbonmarketasamechanismtopromotelow-carbondevelopmenthasbeenexploredbothintheoreticalresearchandpracticalapplicationhomeandabroadforseveralyears.However,therearestillmanyproblemstosettle,suchasthepotentialuncertaintytodetermineanddistributetotalcarbonemissions,pricedistortionsinhigh-carbonproductsandservicesinthemarket,mainbodiesresponsibleforthecarbonemissioninurbaninfrastructure,etc.Allthesehaveformedaconstraintonthefurtherdevelopmentofcarbonmarket.Throughthehistoricalanalysisoftheactualdevelopmentofthecarbonmarket,thispapertriestoidentifypracticalproblemswhichshouldbesolvedurgently,andprovidesideasforChinatoestablishaunifiednationalcarbonmarketin2017,whichisnotonlythenationalmeasurestoparticipateinthe'ParisAgreement'actively,butalsotheimplementationofChina’ssustainabledevelopmentstrategy.

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简介：AbstractVascular access is the lifeline of hemodialysis patients. There are great differences in the establishment and use of vascular access in different countries and regions around the world. We believe that on the basis of good evaluation and planning, it is recommended that hemodialysis patients choose native arteriovenous fistula first. In view of the new progress of vascular access views domestic and international at home and abroad in recent years, we organized experts to recommend the establishment and maintenance of arteriovenous fistula (AVF) for the Chinese population, including preoperative evaluation and planning of the establishment of AVF, AVF surgery, perioperative drug intervention measures and postoperative maintenance, and put forward suggestions for future research directions. The recommendations in this consensus are general and clinicians need to make treatment decisions based on the actual situation.

简介：AftertheDatong-Yanggaoearthquake(October1989),aspecialteamwasorganizedforthefirsttimebytheSSBofChinatostarttheworkofearthquakedamageevaluationforthepurposeofprovidingthegovernmentwithascientificbasisfordisasterrelief.Theresultoftheevaluationplayedanimportantroleinspeedinguprehabilitationandreducingdamagelossesintheearthquakearea.BasedontheevaluationofearthquakedamagefromtheDatong-Yanggaoearthquakeandrecentresearchresults,thispaperpresentsamethodforquickevaluationofearthquakedamages,introducessoftwareentitledEDEP(earthquakedamageevaluationprogram)forevaluatingearthquakedamage,andcitesacasetoexplainthemainfunctionandapplicationoftheEDEP.Finally,foraquickerevaluationofearthquakedamages,thepaperalsoproposestheestablishmentofdatabasesystemsofearthquakedamageevaluationintheemphaticallymonitoredareasandwaystobuildupsuchdatabasesystems.

简介：倾倒区域能力被水动力学过程主要影响(潮汐的沉积，暴风雨巨浪和波浪，等等)象倾倒区域的尺寸和深度一样。在作为FVCOM(有限体积海岸和海洋模型)知道的三维的海洋发行量模型和随机的动态统计分析模型上基于，利用倾倒地面地形学进化并且倾倒数量，讨论水动力学过程和倾倒的活动的影响的作者目的以便造了倾倒区域能力的海洋的一个新模型。与在倾倒的区域的深度和倾倒的数量的数据，底部的变化地志它基于FVCOM水动力学和沉积模块在自然条件下面由潮汐的电流引起了，为倾倒分析变化的统计关系的作者努力总计，潮汐的电流和底部地志。通过到合适的修订系数值，它将被认为是地志的真实数据改变引用波浪和暴风雨影响的价值澎湃。因此在倾倒的能力作为长期的变化拿这评估。在建立底部的阀值的前提地志的变化，倾倒的区域能力被计算。每年拿Yangtze河口号码1作为一个例子倾倒区域，作为由0.5m的水深度还原剂，倾倒的区域能力是模型结果在对实际数量的合理同意的大约670万m3/a,。然后，模型在海湾倾倒区域，Shengsishangchuan山倾倒区域，Dongding倾倒区域，Dongshan倾倒区域，和Wenzhou移植倾倒区域的Luoyuan被验证，它在外面是拐弯结果类似于实际观察的。

简介：Effectsofthreegapswhicharelarge(118m2),medium(86m2)andsmall(20m2),respectively,andundercanopyofTsugalongibracteataforestontheseedlingestablishmentofT.longibracteatawerestudiedthroughseedburialexperimentsfromDecember2003toJanuary2005inTianbaoyanNationalNatureReserveofFujian,China.TheresultsshowedthattheareaofgaphadanevidenteffectontheseedlingestablishmentofT.longibracteata.TheseedlingemergenceratesofT.longibracteatainplotsoflargegap,mediumgap,smallgapandundercanopywere10%,10%,4%and6%,representinganincreasingtrendalongwiththegapsizeincreasingwithoutasignificantdifference.Rainerodingandinsectsfeedingweretwomainfactorsleadingtoseedlingdeath.Thelargerthegapsizewas,themoreseedlingswerekilledbyrainerosionandthefewerseedlingswerekilledbyinsectsfeeding.Theemergencetimeofseedlingswasalmostsameinallplotswhiletheirdeathtimewasdifferentrespectively.Thegapsizehadasignificantimpactonseedlingsurvivalrate.Theseedlingsurvivalratewashighestinthemediumgapplot(27.0%)andnexttothehighestinlargegapplot(7.3%),andseedlinginsmallgapplotandundercanopyplotdiedoutafteronegrowingseason.Increasedlightsupplyingapswasfavorablefortheseedlingsgrowthandsurvival.IncreasedlightsupplyinthelargegapcouldenhancethegrowthofseedlingleafandrootofT.longibracteata,andtheseedlinginturnallocatedmoredrymasstorootandleaf,butithaslittleimpactonthegrowthofstem.ThisresearchindicatesthatT.longibracteataisapioneerspeciesanditsseedlingestablishmentneedamediumorlargegap(>50m2).

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简介：TheAtomicWeaponsEstablishment(AWE)istaskedwithsupportingContinuousAtSeaDeterrence(CASD)bycertifyingtheperformanceandsafetyofthenationaldeterrentintheComprehensiveTestBanTreaty(CTBT)era.Thismeansthatrecoursetofurtherundergroundtestingisnotpossible,andcertificationmustbeachievedbysupplementingthehistoricaldatawiththeuseofcomputercalculation.Inordertofacilitatethis,AWEoperatessomeofthelargestsupercomputersintheUK.Tovalidatethecomputercodes,andindeedthedesignerswhoareusingthem,itisnecessarytocarryoutfurtherexperimentsintherightregimes.Anexcellentwaytomeetmanyoftherequirementsformaterialpropertydataandtoprovideconfidenceinthevalidityofthealgorithmsisthroughexperimentscarriedoutonhighpowerlaserfacilities.

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简介：Intheconceptualframeworkofadaptationpolicyassessmenttoclimatechange,adaptationmeasurescanbecategorizedastwogroups:facilitationandimplementation.Facilitationmeasuresreferstoactivitiesthatenhanceadaptivecapacity,whileimplementationreferstoactivitiesthatactuallyavoidadverseclimateimpactsonasystembyreducingitsexposureorsensitivitytoclimatichazards,orbymoderatingrelevantnon-climaticfactors.Thispaperaimstoestablishamatrixofimplementationmeasuresofadaptationtoclimatechange,throughfourdifferentwayshowadaptationcaninfluencetherelevantelementsofclimatechange:reducingtheexposure,reducingthesensitivity,alleviatingtheadverseimpactsandreducingthenegativenon-climaticfactors,andthenfurtherdiscusstheparticularimplementationmeasuresofadaptationtoclimatechange,throughapplicationstudiesontheselectedsub-systems,intendtoorganizethedisorderedimplementationmeasuresinexistent,andputforwardsomenewmeasuresundertheguidanceofthismatrix,whichcouldenrichandpromotethesystemandcontentofimplementationmeasuresofadaptation.

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