简介：摘要：本文概述了衰老性肌萎缩的定义和临床症状，阐述了国内外运动干预衰老性肌萎缩的研究成果，以期为国内相关研究提供借鉴与参考。

简介：AbstractIntroduction:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a deadly cancer that disproportionately affects geriatric patients. Combination therapy with surgery and chemotherapy is associated with longer survival than medical treatment or supportive care. Preoperative selection of patients for surgical treatment, based on patient-specific factors such as sarcopenia, may help risk-stratify patients and improve outcomes. This paper aims to review the current literature on the impact of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity on patients undergoing treatment for PDAC.Outcomes:The impact of sarcopenia and sarcopenia obesity on perioperative and long-term outcomes after treatment for PDAC is variable. Sarcopenia has been associated with high-grade complications, longer length of hospital, and intensive care unit stays, more frequent discharge to skilled nursing facilities and decreased utilization of adjuvant therapy in patients treated with curative intent surgery. Sarcopenic obesity has been associated with more complications, high-grade complications, and hematologic toxicities. Patients with sarcopenic obesity may have even lower overall survival than sarcopenic patients.Discussion:The effect of a pre-treatment diagnosis of sarcopenia or sarcopenic obesity on outcomes for patients undergoing treatment for PDAC remains unknown, in part due to the heterogeneity of studies and definitions. Prehabilitation programs including resistance exercise and nutritional supplementation have shown benefit in sarcopenic patients.Conclusion:PDAC remains a deadly disease and patient-specific factors such as sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity identified at the time of cancer diagnosis offer potential as risk stratification measures and points of intervention. Currently, a paucity of standardized measurement tools, definitions, and prehabilitation regimens limits the clinical implementation of such knowledge.

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简介：目前,世界人口老龄化现象愈加严重。Sarcopenia是一种随增龄而发生的病理现象,其主要征状表现在骨骼肌肌肉质量、体积以及肌肉力量下降。随着各方机构卓有成效的研究,sarcopenia发生的机制也逐渐为我们所了解：随增龄发生的肌纤维萎缩、骨骼肌蛋白合成减少、骨骼肌线粒体功能紊乱等都可能是导致老年个体发生sarcopenia的原因。此外,老年个体体内激素水平变化也可能是促成sarcopenia的原因。各方研究表明,抗阻运动及激素替代疗法是延缓或削减sarcopenia发生的有效的方法。深入研究了解衰老个体sarcopenia发生的分子进程对于寻求探索更新更好的sarcopenia治疗方法意义重大。

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