简介:Agravitropism-deficientmutantM96wasisolatedfromamutantbank,generatedbyethylmethanesulfonate(EMS)mutagenesisofindicariceaccessionZJ100.Themutantwascharacterizedasprostrategrowthatthebeginningofgermination,andtheprostrategrowthphenotyperanthroughthewholelifeduration.TillerangleandtillernumberofM96increasedsignificantlyincomparisonwiththewildtype.TissuesectionobservationanalysisindicatedthatasymmetricstemgrowtharoundthesecondnodeoccurredinM96.GeneticanalysisandgenemappingshowedthatM96wascontrolledbyasinglerecessivenucleargene,tentativelytermedasgravitropism-deficientM96(gdM96),whichwasmappedtoaregionof506kbflankedbymarkersRM5960andInDel8onthelongarmofchromosome11.SequencinganalysisoftheopenreadingframesinthisregionrevealedanucleotidesubstitutionfromGtoTinthethirdexonofLOC_Os11g29840.Additionally,real-timefluorescencequantitativePCRanalysisshowedthattheexpressionlevelofLOC_Os11g29840inthestemswasmuchhigherthanintherootsandleavesinM96.Furthermore,theexpressionlevelwasmorethanfourtimesinM96stemthaninthewildtypestem.OurresultssuggestedthatthemutantgenewaslikelyanewalleletothereportedgeneLAZY1.IsolationofthisnewallelewouldfacilitatethefurthercharacterizationofLAZY1.
简介:Apoptosisorprogrammedcelldeath(PCD)isanevolutionarilyconservedcellularprocessthatisessentialfornormaldevelopmentandhomeostasisofmulticellularorganisms.Defectsintheapoptosissignalingresultinmanydiseasesincludingautoimmunediseasesandcancer.TheapoptosissignalingpathwaywasfirstdescribedgeneticallyinthenematodeCaenorhabditiseleganswhichservesasaframeworkforthemorecomplexapoptoticpathwaysthatexistinmammals.Inthisreview,wewilldiscusstheapoptoticpathwaysthatareemerginginmammalsaselucidatedbystudiesofgene-targetedmutantmice.
简介:有扭曲的壳的异种在米饭(OryzasativaL.)的一张繁殖人口被发现。异种除了扭曲的壳显示出更少的谷物重量和劣等的谷物质量。基因分析显示异种的显型被单个后退的基因控制(暂时指定了为TWH)。印射TWH基因,一张F2人口被穿过twh异种到R725产生,有正常的壳的一个indica米饭变化。为bulkedsegregant分析,变异的植物的体积被从10扭曲壳植物混合植物织物的相等的数量准备,正常植物的体积被分享10正常壳的植物的相等的数量织物获得。207份简单顺序重复(SSR)教材,在12个米饭染色体上分布式,被用于父母和二体积的多型性分析。TWH地点开始在染色体2上近被印射到SSR标记RM526。因此,进一步印射在标记RM526附近用50份SSR教材被执行。TWH在在1.4厘米的基因距离的染色体2和2.7的长手臂上在SSR标记RM14128和RM208之间被限定厘米分别地。这些结果为进一步好的印射提供基础,克隆并且TWH基因的功能的分析。
简介:在称为非圆锥花序(空操作)的米饭的圆锥花序区别的异种在在93-11和Nipponbare之间的一个十字的子孙被发现。异种展出正常植物形态学,但是显然有很少到ers为止。在空操作的最惹人注目的变化是它的圆锥花序区别被堵住,与节点从脊柱分支通常在野类型的植物发展的位置产生的毛绒绒的苞的群众。基因分析建议空操作被单个后退的基因控制,它是暂时命名的空操作(t)。基于它的变异的显型,空操作(t)代表控制开花期区别的开始的关键基因。由使用,简单顺序重复标记和序列标注了地点标记,空操作(t)基因是在染色体6的长手臂上在102-kb间隔印射的罚款。这些结果将便于位置的克隆和基因的功能的研究。
简介:Adoublemutantwithstreakedleafandabnormalfloretwasfoundandtemporarilynamedstreakedleafandfloralorgannumbermutant(st-fon).Forthismutant,besideswhitestreakappearedonculm,leavesandpanicles,thenumberoffloralorgansincreasedandfloretscracked.Theextremephenotypewasthatseveralsmallfloretsgrewfromonefloretorbranchrachisinsmallfloretsextendedanddevelopedintopanicles.Byusingtransmissionelectronmicroscopetoobservetheultrastructureofwhitehistocytesofleavesattheseedlingstage,thewhitetissueswhichshowedabnormalplastids,lamellasandthylakoidscouldnotdevelopintonormalchloroplast,andthedevelopmentofchloroplastwasblockedattheearlygrowthstageofplastid.Scanningelectronmicroscopeandparaffinsectionwerealsousedtoobservethedevelopmentoffloralorgans,andtheresultsindicatedthatthedevelopmentoffloralmeristemwasoutoforderandunlimited,whereasinthetwistyleaves,vascularbundlesheathcellsgrewexcessively,orsomebubblycellsincreased.Geneticanalysescarriedoutbymeansofcrossandbackcrosswithfournormal-leaf-colormaterialsrevealedthatthemutantisofcytoplasminheritance.
简介:Alightbrownspotted-leafmutantofricewasisolatedfromanethanemethylsulfonate(EMS)-inducedIR64mutantbank.Themutant,designatedaslbsl1(lightbrownspotted-leaf1),displayedlightbrownspotinthewholegrowthperiodfromthefirstleaftotheflagleafundernaturalsummerfieldconditions.Agronomictraitsincludingplantheight,growthduration,numberoffilledgrainsperpanicle,seed-settingrateand1000-grainweightofthemutantweresignificantlyaffected.Geneticanalysisshowedthatthemutationwascontrolledbyasinglerecessivegene,tentativelynamedlbsl1(t),whichwasmappedtotheshortarmofchromosome6.Bydevelopingsimplesequencerepeat(SSR)markers,thegenewasfinallydelimitedtoanintervalof130kbbetweenmarkersRM586andRM588.Thelbsl1(t)geneislikelyanovelricespotted-leafgenesincenoothersimilargeneshavebeenidentifiednearthechromosomalregion.Thegeneticdataandrecombinationpopulationsprovidedwillfacilitatefurtherfine-mappingandcloningofthegene.
简介:Tiller角度,一个很必要的农学的特点,在米饭繁殖是重要的,特别在植物类型繁殖。控制2的一个tiller角度(tac2)异种被乙醇甲烷磺酸盐mutagenesis从restorer线Jinhui10获得。tac2异种在幼苗阶段和显著地在tillering阶段增加的tiller角度显示了正常显型。初步的生理的研究显示异种对GA敏感。因此,TAC2和TAC1可能以一样的方法控制tiller角度,这被推测。基因分析证明变异的特点被主要后退的基因控制并且位于用SSR标记的染色体9。在TAC2和它的最近的标记RM3320和RM201之间的基因距离分别地是19.2厘米和16.7厘米。
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简介:米饭镉(Cd)敏感变异的cadB-1用Agrobacteriumtumefaciens被获得调停的系统。在cadB-1和野类型(WT)的暴露以后米饭幼苗到为有增加外部Cd集中的cadB-1和WT的10d,在根积累到高水平的Cd,茎和叶子的Cd集中的一个范围,并且在cadB-1的幼苗生长的抑制比在WT更严肃。氢过氧化物累积在cadB-1的叶子和根是更高的。减少的谷胱甘肽(GSH)的比率/oxidized谷胱甘肽(GSSG),ascorbate(ASC)/dehydroascorbate(DHA)和减少的菸碱腺嘌dinucleotide磷酸盐(NADPH)/oxidized菸碱腺嘌dinucleotide磷酸盐(NADP+)在高Cd层次下面在叶子和根两个都比在WT在cadB-1是更低的。ascorbateperoxidase(APX)的活动,谷胱甘肽peroxidase(GR),dehydroascorbatereductase(DHAR)和monodehydroascorbatereductase(MDHAR)在Cd的高水平的处理下面在叶子和根两个都比在WT在cadB-1是也更低的。我们的结果建议在Cd应力下面,ASC-GSH周期更严重比在WT在cadB-1被禁止,显示变异的cadB-1不太能清除反应的氧种类并且对Cd敏感。
简介:TheinteractionbetweenricehostanditspathogenXanthomonasoryzaepv.oryzae(Xoo)atcellularlevelwasstudiedbyusingaresistantsomaclonalmutantHX-3anditssusceptabledonorMinghui63.AfterinoculationwithXoostrainZhe173(Chinesepathotype|\).theactivityofsuperoxidedismutase(SOD)andperoxidase(POD)inthecallusofMinghui63wasincreaseddramatically,andtheactiveoxygen(O2^-)wasproducedatahigherrate;Meanwhile,thecallusgrewslowlywiththereductionofproteincontent.ComparedtotheactivityofSODandPOD.theproductionrateofO2^-andthefreshweightinHX-3callusvariedlittleaftertheinoculation.ItcouldbeproposedthatthereweregreatdifferencesbetweentheresistanceofHX-3andMighui63atcellularlevel.TherewasnodifferencedetectedconcerningresistancetobacterialleafblightinHX-3betweentheplantandthecallus.
简介:Themajorstoragesubstanceinriceendospermisstarch,whichaccountsfor80%ofdrymatterweight.Inthisstudy,ricemutantflo7,selectedfromtheprogenyofNipponbare’stissueculture,displayedflouryandopaqueendosperm.Comparedwithitscorrespondingwildtype(WT)Nipponbare,themutantflo7producedlonger,narrower,thinnerandlightergrains.Thelevelsofglucose,fructoseandsucroseinthemutantflo7endospermwerehigherthanthoseintheWTendosperm,whereastheproteincontentwasnotaffected.Withrespecttobothamylosecontentandgelconsistency,themutantflo7waslowerthanWT,butitsalkalivaluewashigher.Scanningelectronmicroscopicexaminationsshowedthattheendospermofthemutantflo7containedirregular,looselypackedandcompoundstarchgranules.Geneticanalysisindicatedthatthemutantphenotypewasdeterminedbyasinglerecessivenucleargene.Theflo7locuswasmappedtoaregiononthelongarmofchromosome12,withina95.1kbintervaldefinedbythemarkersC2-11andC5-15.Thereare13openreadingframesinthemappinginterval.Transcriptionprofilingofthedevelopinggrainsshowedthatanumberofgenesinvolvedinstarchsynthesiswereaffecteddifferentlyinthemutantflo7.
简介:在蚕,白鸡蛋1(w-1)异种,被白眼睛和白鸡蛋描绘,在Bombyxkynurenine3-monooxygenase(KMO)是缺乏的活动。Toinvestigatew-1异种显型是否被介绍野类型的KMO基因救,我们在细胞质的肌动朊基因倡导者(A3KMO)或本国的KMO基因倡导者(KKMO)的控制下面与野类型的BombyxKMO基因构造了转基因的蚕。我们与KKMO构造与A3KMO和一根线创造了二根转基因的线。在这些线的成年人的眼睛是棕色的,并且转基因的女性生的鸡蛋也是棕色的。Reversetranscription聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)分析证明A3KMO蚕线在中间勇气的、胖身体表示了抄本,并且肾小体小管。KKMO线仅仅在胖身体表示了抄本并且肾小体小管。在转基因的线的眼睛和卵色的紧张与KMO表示水平成正比。有趣地,有A3KMO构造的转基因的幼虫有轻褐幼虫的表皮,而是KKMO线不。这些结果显示野类型的KMO基因能作为标记基因被使用视觉上屏蔽转基因的蚕。
简介:Sweetsorghum,theworld'sfifthmostimportantcerealafterrice,corn,wheatandbarley,isaveryattractivesourceforbiomassproduction.Thisrawmaterialcomplementssugarcaneproductionandisemergingastheidealfeedforanimalsandfortheproductionofthefirst-generationofbiofuels,suchasethanolandvalue-addedchemicals.Atpresent,mostofthestudiesaboutsweetsorghumfocusonutilization(suchasethanolproduction),andthestudyofsugeraccumulationinstemarerarely.
简介:叶颜色变化是变化的一个广泛地观察的类,起在叶绿素生合成的学习的一个重要作用并且种叶绿体结构,功能,遗传和开发。自然地发生的叶颜色米饭异种,Baihuaidao7,被分析。变异的植物典型地展出了green-white-green叶颜色前进,但是这显型仅仅面对象移植那样的机械苛责导致的一个压力信号被表示。在白叶子,变异的植物生长,叶颜色,叶绿素内容,和叶绿体的外观以前,超微结构看起来与野类型的那些相同。在到白叶颜色的转换以后,变异的叶子的考试在全部的叶绿素揭示了减少,叶绿素一,叶绿素b,和类胡萝卜素内容,在叶绿体grana薄片和grana的数字的减小,和thylakoid薄片的渐渐的降级。在成熟,变异的植物与野类型的植物相比被变白并且相形见绌。基因分析显示叶异种特性被后退的原子基因控制。变异的基因的基因印射用从Baihuaidao7栠灡导出的一张F2人口被执行吗?