简介：一条多维的计算液体动力学(CFD)途径在试图计算一台引擎的转移矩阵的这研究被建议有或没有吝啬的流动处于条件用尽muffler。没有吝啬的流动，有定义为多孔的地区的吸收性的材料的muffler的CFD模型与测量噪音减小被校准，并且进一步被采用在muffler的声学的表演上学习吝啬的流动的效果。而且，exhaust听觉的来源从建议CFD途径以及测量尾巴噪音最不基于multiload获得的六不同另外的声学的负担的计算转移矩阵被导出广场方法。最后，exhaust噪音基于Thevenins定理被预言。建议CFD途径被建议能就吝啬的流动而言预言复杂muffler的声学的表演(没有并且与吝啬的流动)并且加热转移，并且提供exhaust噪音的合理结果。

简介：LeoandSamexitedandlockedthecarinahurry,forgettingtoremovethekeywhichwasintheignition.Realizingthemistake,Leoasked,“Whydontwegetacoathangertoopenit.”“No,thatwontwork,”answeredSam.“Peoplewillthinkweretryingtobreakin.”SoLeosuggested,“Whatifweuseapocketknifetocutaroundtherubber,thenstickafingerinandpullup

简介：Witharapidincreaseinvolumeofve-hiclesintheworld,thepolutioncausedbytheautomobileexhaustedgashasbe-comemoreandmoreserious.Thisproblemhasbroughttoourgovernment’satten-tion.InBeijing,regulationsregardingthesupervisionoftheexhausthavebeenissued.AttheFifthNationalMeetingonRECatalyticpurificationofAutomobileEx-haustheldinBeijing1989,thepartici-pantsfrominstitutes,universities,andfactoriesalloverthecountryreportedanddiscussedthemethodsofpurifica-

简介：Tocleantheexhaustemissionsasoneofthemostimportanttasksinpollutioncontrol,astudyonthetreatmentofengineemissionswithdischargeassistancewasreported.ADBDplasmasourceshapedingridandcylinderwasexaminedindifferentengineoperationalmodestoreducetheNO_xcontentofdieselengineexhaust.Thecompositionoftheexhaustgasesandchemicalreactionsinitiatedbythedischargewereanalyzed.Thedischargeh'equencyhadacrucialimpactonthedevice'sperformanceandgastreatment.Thevoltagesappliedtothedischargegapcouldalterthechemicalreactionsoccurringinthetreatedgases,whichwereindicatedbytheNOtoNO_2ratio.Theoperationofthesystemwasstudiedatfrequenciesrangingfrom400Hzto16kHz.

简介：高度有效的汽轮机用尽更弥漫没有与汽轮机的最后旋转的排考虑不稳定的相互作用，不能被设计。在文学描述的以前的调查为改善与涡轮机器的另外的部分的相比显示出一个很高的潜力更弥漫。一台典型煤气的汽轮机的一个规模模型用尽更弥漫试验性地被调查。为了调查旋转的影响，醒来，没有象有有2公里的一个可变速度的旋转圆柱的轮辐车轮的大小一样的一个说的车轮的大小--或模仿汽轮机转子的10公里轮辐醒来被做。象2D-Laser-Doppler-Velocimeter(LDV)一样的使小型化的3洞灵魂探针被用来调查速度侧面。122静态的压力拍被用来测量几轴、环绕的静态的压力分布。没有一个轮辐车轮环形更弥漫在笼罩分开因为所有打漩配置。为有2公里轮辐车轮的大小，分开更弥漫当使测试钻塔操作参数不变时，是不稳定的。为一非旋转10公里轮辐车轮并且以旋转速度不到1,000rpm，环形更弥漫在笼罩分开了。增加10mm轮辐车轮的旋转速度，流动不比没有轮辐，车轮完成在笼罩和高得多的压力恢复分开了。

简介：宝贵金属支持相互作用在热稳定性和催化性能起一个重要作用汽车用尽催化剂。支持是为在催化剂的活跃混合物的一个搬运人而且能改进宝贵金属的分散并且在高温度压制宝贵金属的sintering不仅；同时，高贵金属能也提高氧化还原作用表演和支持的氧存储能力。金属支持相互作用的机制主要包括电子相互作用，合金的形成和金属的里面的散开进支持或由支持盖住。宝贵金属支持相互作用的形式和度取决于许多因素，包括宝贵金属，支持和金属的种类，和准备方法的内容。关于强壮的金属支持相互作用(SMSI)的研究结果为与优秀性能开发一种新催化剂给了理论支持。这篇论文考察了相互作用现象和宝贵金属的机制(磅，Pd，Rh)并且支持象Al2O3，CeO2，和基于CeO2的氧化物在那样汽车用尽催化剂。影响SMSI开发的SMSI和催化剂的因素也被讨论。

简介：为一艘通用护卫舰的exhaust烟分散通过管理液体流动，精力，种类和骚乱方程的数字答案数字地被调查。这个工作的主要目的是在exhaust烟的分散上获得yaw角度，速度比率和快活的效果。数字方法基于充分椭圆形的海军司烧方程的充分保存的控制卷表示。骚乱被建模用一二方程(k-?)模型。用在风隧道的护卫舰的一个1/100规模模型的流动可视化测试也被执行决定exhaust羽毛路径并且验证计算结果。结果显示出那在下面洗现象为在蠄=10掳和20掳之间的yaw角度发生。结果与不同用尽快活效果与增加exhaust气体温度增加的煤气的温度表演。然而，它在羽毛上升的效果与它的动量比较是不太重要的。在预言和实验结果之间的一个好协议被获得。

简介：Abstract:Inrecentyears,withattentionpaidtoglobalenvironmentalproblems,therehavebeenrequirementsforcontinuousimprovementofautomobilefueleconomyandexhaustgaspurificationrate.Thepropertiesoftheferriticstainlesssteels(FSS)usedtomakeautomobilepartshavebeenimproved.Thispaperintroducestheconstructionofautomotiveexhaustsystemsanddescribestheirmainfailurebehaviorsandcorrosionevaluationprocedures.

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简介：在一台蒸气汽轮机的复杂3D流动与不同入口用尽兜帽模型打漩并且入口总数压力光线的分布被采用CFX-5模仿了并且在这分析了纸。它发现了在中心的正切的流动角度有的入口exhaust兜帽表演上的否定效果，当时光线的分发有的入口总数压力的一个否定坡度兜帽表演上的积极影响。它数字地也证实了在兜帽入口罐头的全部的压力的合适的分布成功地消除由不恰当的入口引起的否定效果打漩分发并且改进兜帽空气动力学的性能。

简介：Thispaperhasinvestigatedtheinfluenceofgasolinesulfurcontentondurabilityofcatalyticconverterforvehicleexhaustgas.Twogasolinesampleswithdifferentsulfurcontents(equatingto150μg/gand50μg/gofsulfur,respectively)wereusedtoexaminethedurabilityandperformanceofcatalyticconverteronthebenchtest.Thetestresultshaverevealedthatincomparisontotheinfluenceofsulfuronageingofcatalyticconverterthethermalageinghadamoreremarkableimpactontheperformanceofcatalyticconverter,andtheperformanceofcatalyticconvertercouldberestoredbyhigh-temperaturedesulfurizationprocessafterageingbythehigh-sulfurgasolinesample(containing150μg/gofsulfur).

简介：Sincethefirstbatchof350-MWsupercriticalutilityboilerswasputintooperation,theexhaustfluegastemperatureoftheboilershasalwaysbeenhigherthanthedesignedvalue.Themainreasonisthattheheatabsorbedbytheairheaterisnotsufficient.InHuanengDongfangPowerPlant,theexhaustfluegastemperatureisloweredthroughmodificationstotheeconomizerandtheairheater.Theexperimentalresultsrevealthateveryyear,eachboilercouldsave3850tonsofstandardcoalandreduce85tonsofSO2and9000tonsofCO2respectivelyafterretrofit.

简介：Exhaustemissionregulationsoftheautomotiveareenforcedineachcountrytopreventairpollutionandglobalwarming,andtherestrictionstandardtendstobecomeseverer.Varioustechniquessuchasthecombustionimprovementofgasoline,upgradesofthecatalyst,andthethermalcapacitydecreasesintheexhaustlinesareadoptedtosuittheregulations,andtheseleadtoanincreaseofthemaximumtemperatureoftheexhaustgas.Recently,ferriticstainlesssteelsaremainlyusedtopartsofexhaustlines,astheirthermalexpansioncoefficientissmall,andthecyclicoxidationresistanceandthethermalfatiguepropertyarebetterthanausteniticstainlesssteels.Thispaperpresentsnewlydevelopedheat-resistantstainlesssteelsfromNisshinSteelforexhaustlinesusage,anddescribesthecurrentsofthesteeldevelopmentthatcouldbeenvisagedinthefuture.Withregardtoimprovingthehigh-temperaturestrengthofferriticstainlesssteels,theadditionofNb,MoandCuiseffectiveinsolutionhardeningandprecipitationhardeningat700℃,whiletheadditionofNb,MoandWiseffectiveinmainlysolutionhardeningat900℃.TheadditionofCr,SiandMnsuppressthebreakawayoxidationinairat950℃upto200hofferriticstainlesssteelscontaining14%Cr.Especially,theadditionof0.8%orhigherMnwouldeffectivelyimprovetheadherenceofoxidescale.Itisconfirmedthatferriticstainlesssteels,NSSHR-1(14Cr-lMn-0.9Si-Nb)andNSSHR-2(10Cr-0.9Si-Nb-Ti),ishavingasuperiorheatresistance,formabilityandcostperformancecomparedtoconventionalType441andType439respectively.

简介：Thisstudyrepresentstheinfluenceonexhaustperformancebyactivemufflervalvespring.Themainexperimentalparameterswereenginespeedsandtorsioncoilspringconstantsintheactivemuffler.Whenthemufflervalvespringhasalowspringconstantofk=0.75,thesoundpressurelevelwaslowattheregionofenginespeed2000to2500r/min,andthevelocityofexhaustgaswashighatspringconstantk=0.75.Whentheenginespeedwasunder1500r/min,themeanconcentrationofCOwashighincasewithoutmufflervalve.Whentheenginespeedintherangeof1600to2600r/minwithspringconstantk=0.75,themeanHCconcentrationshowedthelowestvalue.Withoutmufflervalve,thetemperatureinthemufflerwashigherthanthecasewithmufflervalve.Thisresearchrepresentedthattheperformanceoftheactivemufflervalvespringconstantk=0.75washigherthanthatwithoutmufflervalveandvalvespringconstantk=0.70.Amongthethreecasesofexperimentalcondition,withaspringcon

简介：Thisstudyinvestigatesthecorrosionpropertiesof0Cr11Tiand0Cr11NbTiferriticstainlesssteels(FSS)forautomotiveexhaustsystems.Theresultsindicatethatthebasemetalandweldseamof0Cr11NbTisteelexhibitbetterintergranularandcondensatecorrosionresistantpropertiesbecausecarbonandnitrogenarestabilizedbyNbandTi,andtheprecipitationofCrcarbideisretardedingrainboundaries.

简介：ThebimodalTaylorexpansionmethodofmoments(B-TEMOM)modelschemewasdevelopedtosimulatetheformationandevolutionofvehicleexhaustparticles.Twoindependenttypesoflog-normalparticlesizedistributionswereselectedintheB-TEMOMmodelscheme,comprisinglargeandsmallparticlestorepresentbackground(i.e.,thesurroundingenvironment)andvehicleexhaustparticles,respectively.Concentrationdistributionsofexhaustandbackgroundparticlesderivedusingthismodelschemewereverifiedagainstresultsfromamovingsectionalmethodandthebimodalquadraturemethodofmoments,showingexcellentagreement.Theeffectsofvehicletailpipeex让cond让ions(e.g.,exhaustparticleconcentrationsandvelocity),sulfurcontent,andrelativehumidityontheevolutionofparticleswereinvestigatednumerically.Bothtwo-dimensionalandthree-dimensionalnumericalsimulationsshowedthattailpipeexitvelocityandrelativehumid让ydidnotgreatlyaffectthesteady-stateconcentrationsorthediametersofparticlesinurbanatmospheres.Althoughanincreaseinsulfurcontenthadlittleeffectontheparticleconcentration,itledtobackgroundparticleswithlargergeometricaveragediameterenteringtheenvironment.ThiscoupledCFD-B-TEMOMnumericalmodelprovidesasimplebutaccurateandefficientmethodforstudyingbimodalaerosoldynamics.

简介：Effectsofexhaustgasrecirculation(EGR)onhomogeneouschargecombustionofn-heptanewasstudiedthroughsimulationandexperiment.Experimentswerecarriedoutinasinglecylinder,four-stroke,aircooledengineandasinglecylinder,two-stroke,watercooledengine.Inthefour-strokeengine,experimentsoftheeffectsofEGRwereexaminedusingheatedN2additionasasurrogateforexternalEGRandmodifyingenginetoincreaseinternalEGR.TheignitiontimingwassensitivetoEGRduetothermalandchemicaleffects.EGRorextraairisakeyfactorineliminatingknockduringmid-loadconditions.Forhigherloadoperationtheonlywaytoavoidknockistocontrolreactiontimingthroughtheuseofsparkignition.Experimentalandmodelingresultsfromthetwo-strokeengineshowthatauto-ignitioncanbeavoidedbyincreasingtheenginespeed.Thetwo-strokeengineexperimentsindicatethathighlevelsofinternalEGRcanenablesparkignitionatleanconditions.Athigherloadconditions,increasingtheenginespeedisaneffectivemethodtocontroltransitionfromhomogeneouschargecompressionignition(HCCI)operationtonon-HCCIoperationandsuccessfulsparkignitionofahighlydilutemixturecanavoidseriousknock.

简介：Improvedperformanceofplasmainrawengineexhausttreatmentisreported.Anewtypeofreactorreferredtoasofcross-flowdielectricbarrierdischarge(DBD)wasused,inwhichthegasflowisperpendiculartothecoronaelectrode.Inrawexhaustenvironment,thecross-flow(radial-flow)reactorexhibitsasuperiorperformancewithregardtoNOxremovalwhencomparedtothatwithaxialflowofgas.Experimentswereconductedatdifferentflowratesrangingfrom2L/minto25L/min.TheplasmaassistedbarrierdischargereactorhasshownencouragingresultsinNO_xremovalathighflowrates.

简介：这份报纸的目的是在设计下面并且离开设计条件改进最后阶段汽轮机和一台600MW蒸气汽轮机的exhaust兜帽的空气动力学的表演。在操作期间，在汽轮机和exhaust兜帽之间的强壮的流动相互作用在兜帽在流动行为上强加影响并且导致汽轮机的不能令人满意的空气动力学的表演并且用尽兜帽。exhaust兜帽因此有潜力以空气动力学的效率被改善。就在汽轮机和exhaust兜帽之间的流动相互作用而言，更弥漫的结束墙的侧面被优化。联合模型汽轮机和模型用尽兜帽计算和实验被执行验证优化的效果。模型实验证明设计修正导致了全面压力恢复系数的实质的增加。流动和空气动力学的表演照原尺寸最后一台阶段汽轮机并且照原尺寸用尽兜帽被模仿探索流动物理改变到更弥漫的几何学的修正。湿蒸气作为流动媒介被选择。在不同操作条件下面的实际流动地被分析。

简介：一个exhaust热恢复生成器被建议与使周期凉下来改进系统精力效率的常规烧瓦斯的三倍效果的LiBr/water吸收综合。作为案例研究，新奇周期的模拟在从0～3.5%的各种各样的热恢复发电机蒸汽生产比率下面基于有使1150kW的能力凉下来的有希望的平行流动被执行。节省经济分析，年度煤气的保存与箱方法为被估计的生命周期，被采用证明额外的开销的有价值。结果证明保存收入的最佳气体与42kW在2.8%热恢复生成器蒸汽生产比率被获得用尽恢复的热，和系统精力效率从1.78～1.83被改进。exchanger的起始的投资能在7年和煤气的节省的9000CNY以内被归还收入将在机器的15年的生命周期上被完成。这种技术能容易被实现并且介绍理想的经济效果，它对三倍效果的吸收周期的发展可行。