简介：肺上皮是在各种各样的肺疾病的肺损坏的主要地点。上皮的房间apoptosis被认为是在各种各样的肺疾病的起始的事件。发信号的Apoptosis古典主义地由二条原则小径组成。一个人是从死亡受体结扎的一条直接小径到caspase串联激活和房间死亡。象药，放射，传染代理人和反应的氧种类那样的压力触发的另外的小径被线粒体调停。Endoplasmic蜂窝胃也被显示了是细胞器调停apoptosis.Epithelial房间死亡被改变过程跟随，它由组成上皮并且成纤维细胞激活，cytokine生产，凝结小径的激活，neoangiogenesis，re-epithelialization和fibrosis.Epithelial和间充质的相互作用在这些过程起重要作用。apoptosis由新奇策略发信号和它的规定的进一步的理解可以对各种各样的肺疾病导致有效治疗。我们在apoptosis发信号的理解考察最近的进展并且在肺改变讨论apoptosis的参与。

简介：AbstractBackground:Estrogen is involved in the pathophysiological process of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), in which epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role. Upregulation of aquaporin (AQP) 5, which is directly activated by estrogen, has been reported to promote EMT in multiple cells. This study aimed to examine the effects of AQP5 on estrogen-induced EMT in the prostate.Methods:Normal prostate (NP) tissue samples without any histopathological changes and BPH tissue samples with pathologically confirmed hyperplasia were obtained. An EMT cell model was subsequently established by adding estradiol (E2) to RWPE-1 cells, after which AQP5 knockdown was performed. Tissue morphological and immunohistochemical features were examined using hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the expression of AQPs, estrogen receptors, and EMT-related proteins. Cell proliferation was assessed and supernatants were collected for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) concentrations. Immunofluorescence staining was performed to assess protein expressions in RWPE-1 cells.Results:BPH tissues exhibited greater EMT (TGF-β1: 1.362 ± 0.196 vs. 0.107 ± 0.067, P = 0.003; vimentin: 1.581 ± 0.508 vs. 0.221 ± 0.047, P < 0.001; E-cadherin: 0.197 ± 0.188 vs. 1.344 ± 0.088, P < 0.001), higher AQP5 (1.268 ± 0.136 vs. 0.227 ± 0.055, P < 0.001) and estrogen receptor (ER) α (1.250 ± 0.117 vs. 0.329 ± 0.134, P < 0.001) expression but lower ERβ (0.271 ± 0.184 vs. 1.564 ± 0.130, P < 0.001) expression than NP tissues. E2-stimulated cells had higher AQP5 expression (1.298 ± 0.058 vs. 1.085 ± 0.104, P = 0.049), increased cell proliferation (1.510 ± 0.089 vs.1.000 ± 0.038, P < 0.001), and EMT (TGF-β1 concentration: 0.352 ± 0.021 ng/mL vs. 0.125 ± 0.014 ng/mL, P < 0.001; vimentin: 1.641 ± 0.120 vs. 0.188 ± 0.020, P = 0.002; E-cadherin: 0.075 ± 0.030 vs. 0.843 ± 0.046, P < 0.001) than controls. E2-stimulated cells with AQP5 knockdown exhibited decreased EMT (TGF-β1 concentration: 0.223 ± 0.041 ng/mL vs. 0.352 ± 0.021 ng/mL, P= 0.016; vimentin: 0.675 ± 0.056 vs. 1.641 ± 0.120, P = 0.001; E-cadherin: 0.159 ± 0.037 vs. 0.075 ± 0.030, P = 0.040) than E2-stimulated cells with non-related small interfering RNA (siRNA).Conclusion:Our findings suggest that estrogen induces BPH possibly by promoting AQP5 expression. Hence, AQP5 might be a novel target for modulating EMT in prostate epithelial cells.

简介：AIMTo评估人的透镜上皮房间apoptosis并且对femtosecond激光在有到N3的N2的帮助奔流外科(FLACS).METHODSSixty奔流病人根据LOCSIII上演的femtosecond激光导致的间充质的转变(EMT)上皮在这研究被注册并且随机把组划分了成三：FLACS1组(由有LenSx的FLACS的奔流外科)，FLACS2组(由有LensAR的FLACS的奔流外科)和用手的组(由phacoemulsification的奔流外科)。在二个FLACS组的病人由LenSx或LensAR激光系统执行了前面的capsulotomy。在用手的组的病人被执行连续曲线的capsulorrhexis(CCC)手工地。恰好在从眼睛移动了以后，前面的囊被修理。在奔流surgery.RESULTSThe囊优势被病理学的染色在用手的capsulotomy在二个FLACS组和光滑的边看不规则和粗糙以后，染色的Hematoxylin-eosine，immunofluorescence染色和即时PCR被执行以便观察人的透镜上皮房间变化。有部分肿、破坏的原子核的房间配置的不规则在二个FLACS组被观察。Femtosecond激光能比手工地执行的CCC在人的透镜上皮房间导致显著地更高的房间apoptosis(P<0.05)。透镜上皮房间apoptosis根据皮尔森关联分析与femtosecond激光持续时间被相关。在二个FLACS组的减少的N-cadherin表示，alpha-SMA和FSP-1水平证明房间EMT.CONCLUSIONFemtosecond激光的抑制可以影响在剥的中央透镜囊下面的透镜上皮房间的apoptosis和EMT。

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简介：AIMTo学习discoidin象我一样domaincontaining蛋白质3的效果(EDIL3)在人的透镜的增长和上皮间充质的转变(EMT)上的弄空上皮的房间(LEC).METHODSRNA干扰被用来在vitro在人的LEC禁止EDIL3的表示。房间的形态学用一台转换显微镜被观察。房间增长用EdU工具包被估计。房间移植用Transwell房间被调查，LEC的EMT用共焦的显微镜并且西方的弄污被估计。转变生长因素(TGF)小径用数据显示出的西方的blotting.RESULTSThe被调查那个silencingEDIL3表达式改变了LEC形态学并且压制了LEC增长(P<0.05)并且移植(P<0.01)。而且，西方的弄污的结果证明那EDIL3弄空减少了光滑的肌肉肌动朊的表示(-SMA)(P<0.001)并且vimentin(P<0.01)，当增加时E-cadherin的表示(P<0.001)。EDIL3弄空能压制Smad2的phosphorylation(P<0.01)并且Smad3(P<0.01)并且exracellular信号的激活调整了kinase(英皇家空军之阶级最低之兵)(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONThe调查结果显示EDIL3可能经由TGF小径在LEC参予增长和EMT并且可以是为以后的囊opacification的处理的一个潜在的治疗学的目标。

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简介：在所有成年体的干细胞之中，角膜的上皮的那些在他们在定义limbal结构的独占的地点是唯一的沃格特的称为的栅。作为结果，limbal的外科的嫁接上皮的干细胞与或没有前vivo扩大长被练习了在给予limbal的病人恢复风景干细胞缺乏。与另外的干细胞例子相比，不过，相对，很少对limbalniche被知道，它被相信在调整自强和命运决定oflimbal起一个枢轴的作用上皮的干细胞。这评论总结相关文学并且提出几个关键问题由集中于limbal壁龛指导未来研究进limbal干细胞缺乏和角膜的上皮的织物工程的进一步的改进的致病的更好的理解。

简介：胸腺为T房间开发和成熟提供必要微型环境。Thymic上皮的房间(侦探)它是thymic填写了外皮的上皮的房间(cTECs)和thymic髓的上皮的房间(mTECs)，很好被记录了为这些紧调整的过程批评。侦探的普通祖先房间是否能产生cTECs和mTECs，长是争论的。大进步被取得了在最近的年里描绘普通侦探祖先房间。我们此处在胸腺新生象这些祖先房间一样关于侦探区别讨论唯一的起源范例。

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简介：客观:兔子的生物特征口头的mucosal上皮的房间(OMEC)被学习，为OMEC的文化的合适的过程被探索。方法:由不同表面消毒的有教养的OMEC由不同Dispase准备，在不同媒介，在K-SFM的不同calciumion集中中等。结果:文化能显著地与2%碘答案减少的房间的微生物引起的污染以前为口头的洞的消毒使用了房间文化。在K-SFM与Dispase消化的OMEC能快速属于文化烧瓶，在PBS与Dispase消化的OMEC稀罕属于文化烧瓶。在K-SFM媒介的0或0.09mmol/L钙集中有教养的OMEC的增长出现了不统计上重要。OMEC与浆液变得快，但是区分进像成纤维细胞的房间是容易的。结论:OMEC能成长很好并且有由在这描述了的过程的上皮的房间形态学试验的典型口头的mucosal。

简介：从轻散布光谱学(LSS)察觉上皮的发育异常是一个反的问题，它能被转变成上皮房间的原子核的尺寸分发的倒置。为上皮房间的原子核基于单个极化的LSS的模拟，Chahine算法被采用检索尺寸分发。数字结果证明那个Chahine算法有高倒置精确为达到顶点单人赛并且bimodal当模特儿，它暗示潜力增加LSS的诊断分辨率。科技的南京大学的年轻学者基础部分支持的CLC数字R318.51(资助没有。NJUST200204）

简介：瞄准：为了学习不同Helicobacterpylori(Hpylori)的效果，文化在胃的上皮细胞的生长上过滤。方法：肉汤文化Hpylori过滤被准备。胃的上皮细胞与filtrates被对待，并且房间生长被生长曲线和流动血细胞计数决定。胃的上皮细胞的DNA损坏被单个房间的微胶化电气泳动测量。结果：当由CagA-gene-positive对待时，胃的上皮细胞活跃地增殖了肉汤文化过滤，并且到达的菌落形成40%。在S阶段的房间的数字与控制相比增加了。彗星试金在对待与的GES-1房间显示出41.2%彗星房间CagA积极过滤(P<0.05)。结论：CagA积极过滤在形态学和人的胃的上皮细胞瘤细胞的生长特征提高变化。也许，涉及生长的机制之一改变的DNA损坏。

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简介：AbstractObjective:This study aimed to investigate the differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) into endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) under certain induction conditions and to a further step provide a promising approach for ASCs in clinical practice to the treatment of severe intrauterine adhesion.Methods:Four groups of hASCs were separately cultured as follows: in Group 1, hASCs were cultured in a control medium (5% fetal bovine serum [FBS] + α-minimum Eagle’s medium [α-MEM]); in Group 2, hASCs were cultured in an induction medium (5% FBS + α-MEM + [1 × 10-7 mol/L 17β-estradiol] + 10 ng/mL transforming growth factor β1 [TGF-β1] + 10 ng/mL epidermal growth factor [EGF] + 10 ng/mL platelet-derived growth factor BB [PDGF-BB]); in Group 3, hASCs and human endometrium cells (hEMCs) were cocultured in the control medium; and in Group 4, hASCs and hEMCs were cocultured in the induction medium.Results:When cocultured with hEMCs, the morphology of hASCs became similar with EECs, and the addition of factors such as EGF, TGFβ, PDGF-BB, and 17β-estradiol promoted differentiation. This study, for the first time, demonstrated estrogen receptor (ER)α and ERβ expression in hASCs and preliminarily explored changes in ERα, ERβ, β-catenin, and H19 mRNA expression during hASC differentiation. Furthermore, we concluded that H19 mRNA expression was negatively correlated with differentiation, which is seemingly related to the estrogen signaling pathway.Conclusions:hASCs revealed the potential for differentiating to EECs when cocultured with hEMCs.

简介：HumanprimaryepithelialcellsofrenalpelviswasestablishedtoinvestigatetheadherenceofuropathogenicEscherichiacoli(UPEC)tothiscellline,inwhichtheprimarycellculturewasperformedbyusingcultivationofthenormalepitheliumofrenalpelvisinkeratinocyteserumfreemedium(K-SFM)withepidermalgrowthfactor(EGF)andbovinepituitaryextract(BPE).BothUPEC132obtainedfromurinespecimenofpatientswithpyelonephritisandthepilus-freerepresentativestrainE.coliK-12p678-54wereusedtostudytheadherenceofthesestrainsonhumanprimaryepithelialcellsofrenalpelvis.TheUPECadherencewasperformedwithobservationonthemorphologicalchangesoftheadheredcells,whiletheadhesionratesandindiceswerecalculatedindifferenttimesofexperiment.Inaddition,thevirulencegeneshlyandcnf1ofUPEC132weredetectedbymultiplexPCRassay.Inthisstudy,thehumanprimaryepithelialcellsofrenalpelviswasfoundtoexhibitthecharacterofthetransitionalepithelialcells.Comparedwiththecontrolgroup,theadhesionratesandindicesbegantoincreasefrom15minoftheexperimenttimeandreacheditspeakin120min.TheadhesionrateandindexofUPEC132tohumanprimaryepithelialcellsofrenalpelviswere74.4%and34.0respectively.ManymicroscopicchangesintheprimarycellsadheredwithUPEC132couldbedetected,suchasroundingorirregularityinshape,unevennessinstainingandthecytoplasmicandnuclearchanges.ItsuggeststhathumanprimaryepithelialcellsofrenalpelviscanbeusedfortheexperimentonUPECadhesion,thusprovidingabasisforthefurtherstudyonthepathogenesisofUPEC.

简介：AbstractType 2 inflammation is a complex immune response and primary mechanism for several common allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis, allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. It is the predominant type of immune response against helminths to prevent their tissue infiltration and induce their expulsion. Recent studies suggest that epithelial barrier dysfunction contributes to the development of type 2 inflammation in asthma, which may partly explain the increasing prevalence of asthma in China and around the globe. The epithelial barrier hypothesis has recently been proposed and has received great interest from the scientific community. The development of leaky epithelial barriers leads to microbial dysbiosis and the translocation of bacteria to inter- and sub-epithelial areas and the development of epithelial tissue inflammation. Accordingly, preventing the impairment and promoting the restoration of a deteriorated airway epithelial barrier represents a promising strategy for the treatment of asthma. This review introduces the interaction between type 2 inflammation and the airway epithelial barrier in asthma, the structure and molecular composition of the airway epithelial barrier, and the assessment of epithelial barrier integrity. The role of airway epithelial barrier disruption in the pathogenesis of asthma will be discussed. In addition, the possible mechanisms underlying the airway epithelial barrier dysfunction induced by allergens and environmental pollutants, and current treatments to restore the airway epithelial barrier are reviewed.

简介：Objective:Theaimofthepresentstudywastoanalyzetheprognosticfactorsinpatientswithhepatoblastoma(HB)inoursinglecenterandtoevaluateperiostin(POSTN)expressioninHBanditsassociationwithclinicopathologicalvariables.Inaddition,theunderlyingmechanismofhowPOSTNpromotesHBprogressionwasdiscussed.Methods:POSTNexpressionwasinvestigatedinHBtumorsbyimmunohistochemistry(IHC),immunofluorescence(IF)andWesternblot(WB).TheassociationamongPOSTNexpression,clinicopathologicalfeaturesandoverallsurvival(OS)wasalsoevaluated.ThemigrationandadhesionabilityofHBcellsweremeasuredusingchemotaxisandcell-matrixadhesionassays,respectively.Epithelial-mesenchymaltransition(EMT)-associatedmarkersandactivationoftheERKpathwayweredetectedbyWB.Results:HBpatientshadpoorprognosiswhichdisplayedlymphnodemetastasis,vascularinvasion,POSTNandvimentinexpression.POSTNexpressionwasalsoassociatedwithlymphnodemetastasis.Furthermore,overexpressedPOSTNpromotedmigrationandtheadhesiveabilityofHBcellsinvitro.Inaddition,wedemonstratedthatPOSTNactivatedtheMAPK/ERKpathway,upregulatedtheexpressionofSnailanddecreasedtheexpressionofOVOL2.Finally,POSTNpromotedtheexpressionofEMT-associatedmarkers.Conclusions:POSTNmightmodulateEMTviatheERKsignalingpathway,therebypromotingcellularmigrationandinvasion.OurstudyalsosuggeststhatPOSTNmayserveasatherapeuticbiomarkerinHBpatients.

简介：TheposteriorgutoftheDrosophilaembryo,consistingofhindgutandMalpighiantubules,providesasimple,well-definedsystemwhereitispossibletouseageneticapproachtodefinecomponentsessentialforepithelialmorphogenesis.WereviewheretheadvantagesofDrosophilaasamodelgeneticorganism,themorphogenesisoftheepithelialstructuresoftheposteriorgut,andwhatisknownaboutthegeneticrequirementstoformthesestructures.Inoverview,primordiaarepatternedbyexpressionofhierarchiesoftranscriptionfactors;thisleadstolocalizedexpressionofcellsignalingmolecules,andfinally,totheleastunderstoodstep:modulationofcelladhesionandcellshape.Wedescribeapproachestoidentifyadditionalgenesthatarerequiredformorphogenesisofthesesimpleepithelia,particularlythosethatmightplayastructuralrolebyaffectingcelladhesionandcellshape.

简介：Theinsectmidgutepitheliumiscomposedofcolumnar,goblet,andregenerativecells.Columnarepithelialcellsarethemostabundantandhavemembraneprotrusionsthatformthebrushbordermembrane(BBM)ontheirapicalside.Theseincreasesurfaceareaavailableforthetransportofnutrients,butalsoprovideopportunitiesforinteractionwithxenobioticssuchaspathogens,toxinsandhostplantallelochemicals.RecentimprovementsinproteomicandbioinfbrmaticstoolsprovidedanopportunitytodeterminetheproteomeoftheT.niBBMinunprecedenteddetail.ThisstudyreportstheidentificationofproteinsfromBBMvesicles(BBMVs)usingsingledimensionpolyacrylamidegelelec?trophoresiscoupledwithmulti-dimensionalproteinidentificationtechnology.Morethan3000proteinswereassociatedwiththeBBMVofwhich697werepredictedtopossesseitherasignalpeptide,atleastonetransmembranedomainoraGPI-anchorsignal.Ofthese,bioinfbrmaticsanalysisandmanualcurationpredictedthat185maybeassociatedwiththeBBMVorepithelialcellplasmamembrane.Thesearediscussedwithrespecttotheirpredictedfunctions,namelydigestion,nutrientuptake,cellsignaling,development,cell-cellinteractions,andotherfunctions.Webelievethistobethemostdetailedproteomicanalysisofthelepidopteranmidgutepitheliummembranetodate,whichwillprovideinformationtobetterunderstandthebiochemical,physiologicalandpathologicalprocessestakingplaceinthelarvalmidgut.

简介：AIM:Toevaluatethelongtermclinicalresultsofmechanicalno-alcohol-assistedlaserepithelialkeratomileusis(LASEK)versusstandardphotorefractivekeratectomy(PRK)forlow-moderatemyopia.METHODS:Twenty-fiveeyestreatedwithLASEKandtwenty-fiveeyestreatedwithPRKwereevaluatedwithameanfollow-updurationof60mo.Mechanicalseparationoftheepitheliumwasperformedwithbluntspatulaandwithoutapplicationofalcohol.LaserablationwasperformedwiththeMEL-70excimerlaser.Allpatientswereexamineddailyuntilepithelialclosure;at1,3,6,and12mo,andeveryyearsubsequently.Mainoutcomemeasureswereuncorrecteddistancevisualacuity(UDVA),correcteddistancevisualacuity(CDVA),manifestrefraction,haze,efficacyandsafetyindexes.RESULTS:Twenty-oneeyesand22eyescompletedfollow-upof60moinLASEKandPRKgrouprespectively.Manifestrefractionat60mofollow-upwas-0.01and0.26inLASEKandPRKgrouprespectively.IntheLASEKgroupmeanUDVAandmeanCDVAafter60mowere20/22and20/20respectively(P>0.01).InthePRKgroupmeanUDVAandmeanCDVAat60mofollow-upwere20/20and20/20after60mo(P>0.01).Theefficacyindexeswere0.87and0.95,andthesafetyindexeswere1.25and1.4respectivelyforLASEKgroupandPRKgroup.CONCLUSION:BothstandardPRKandno-alcoholLASEKoffersafeandeffectivecorrectionoflow-moderatemyopiainthelongtermwithoutanystatisticallysignificantdifferencebetweenthetwogroups.