简介：Theaimofthisstudyistoreportandanalyzethefactorsrelatedwithearlieroccurrenceofsiliconeoil(SO)emulsificationinpatientsunderwentparsplanavitrectomyandSOinjectioninourhospital.WeretrospectivelyreviewedconsecutivecaseseriesundergonebothSOinjectionandremovalinourhospital,and182oneswereeligible.Possiblerelatedindependentfactorsincluded:maculastatus(on/off),concomitantphacoemulsificationwiththesurgeryofSOtamponading,concomitantstatusofproliferativevitreoretinopathy,combinedsurgeryofretinotomy,timetohaveemulsification(<6mo/≥6moafterprimarySOinjection),routeofSOinjection(anterior/posterior),lensstatus(aphakic/pseudophakic/phakic),anesthesia(local/general),brandsandtypeofSO,with/withoutepiscleralcryotherapy,with/withouthypertension,with/withoutdiabetes,with/withoutintraoperativeuseoftriamcinoloneacetonide.ThestudyrevealedthatbrandandtypeofSOwasthesignificantfactorrelatedwithearlieremulsificationofSO.Furtherstudywaswarrantedtofindouttheunderlyingcauses.

简介：Hugehistoricalprogresshasmadeupdiredisastersformankindinthe20thcen-tury.AnumberofdramaticturnscharacterizegiantfootstepsofAsianhistoryinthepresentcentury—fromcolonizationtode-colonization,fromfeudalismtocapitalismorsocialism,fromagriculturaltoindustrialcivilization,frombeingterri-toriescarvedupamongmajorforeignpowerstoaregionforcontentionbetweenthetwosuperpowers,thentothecurrentsituationofmulti-dimensionalco-existencea-

简介：AbstractBackground:Vancomycin treatment failure against vancomycin-susceptible gram-positive cocci is not rare in the intensive care unit (ICU). One of the reasons for this is the substandard drug trough concentration. We aimed to examine the hypothesis that the target serum concentration could be reached earlier with a loading dose of vancomycin.Methods:This retrospective cohort study was conducted at our ICU between June 2018 and June 2020 and involved patients who were suspected of having, or confirmed to have, gram-positive cocci infection and treated with vancomycin. One group of the patients was administered a loading dose of vancomycin (loading group) and compared with the group that did not receive a loading dose (control group). The baseline characteristics, vancomycin serum concentrations, and clinical outcomes were collected and analyzed.Results:Fifty-five patients were finally included, of which 29 received a loading dose of vancomycin. The serum concentration of vancomycin before the second dose was significantly higher for the loading group than for the control group (10.3 ± 6.1 mg/L vs. 5.7 ± 4.4 mg/L, P = 0.002). The results for both groups were similar before the fifth dose (12.4 ± 7.3 mg/L vs. 10.3 ± 6.3 mg/L in the loading and the control groups, respectively; P = 0.251). The 28-day mortality was lower for the loading group than for the control group (6.7% vs. 34.6% in the loading and control groups, respectively; P = 0.026). No significant differences were observed in serum creatinine (Cr) concentrations of the two groups.Conclusion:With the loading dose of vancomycin, the target serum concentration of vancomycin may be reached earlier without increasing the risk of acute kidney injury.Trial registration:https://www.chictr.org.cn; ChiCTR2000035369

简介：AbstractImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the approach to advanced and locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Antibodies blocking inhibitory immune checkpoints, such as programmed death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand (PD-L1), have remarkable antitumor efficacy and have been approved as a standard first- or second-line treatment in non-oncogene-addicted advanced NSCLC. The successful application of immunotherapy in advanced lung cancer has motivated researchers to further evaluate its clinical role as a neoadjuvant setting for resectable NSCLC and for improved long-term overall survival and curative rates. In this review, we discuss the efforts that incorporate ICIs into the treatment paradigm for surgically resectable lung cancer. We reviewed the early-phase results from neoadjuvant clinical trials, the landscape of the majority of ongoing phase III trials, and discuss the prospects of ICIs as a curative therapy for resectable lung cancer. We also summarized the potential biomarkers and beneficiaries involved in the current study, as well as the remaining unresolved challenges for neoadjuvant immunotherapy.

简介：摘要BACKGROUNDSystematic reviews of early rehabilitation within intensive care units have highlighted the need for robust multi-centre randomised controlled trials with longer term follow up. This trial aims to explore the feasibility of earlier and enhanced rehabilitation for patients mechanically ventilated for ≥5days and to assess the impact on possible long term outcome measures for use in a definitive trial.METHODSPatients admitted to a large UK based intensive care unit and invasively ventilated for ≥5 days were randomised to the rehabilitation intervention or standard care on a 1∶1 basis, stratified by age and SOFA score. The rehabilitation intervention involved a structured programme, with progression along a functionally based mobility protocol according to set safety criteria.RESULTS103 out of 128 eligible patients were recruited into the trial, achieving an initial recruitment rate of 80%. Patients in the intervention arm mobilized significantly earlier (8days vs 10 days, P＝0.035), at a more acute phase of illness (SOFA 6 vs 4, P<0.05) and reached a higher level of mobility at the point of critical care discharge (MMS 7 vs 5, P<0.01)．CONCLUSIONWe have demonstrated the feasibility of introducing a structured programme of rehabilitation for patients admitted to critical care.