简介:Inthispaper,flowreconstructionaccuracyandflowpredictioncapabilityofdiscontinuoustransonicflowfieldbymeansofproperorthogonaldecomposition(POD)methodisstudied.Althoughlinearsuperpositionof‘‘highfrequencywaves''indifferentPODmodescanachievethereconstructionoftheshockwave,thesmoothnessofthesolutionneartheshockwavecannotbeguaranteed.Themodalcoefficientsareinterpolatedorextrapolatedanddifferentmodalcomponentsaresuperposedtorealizethepredictionoftheflowfieldbeyondthesnapshotsets.Resultsshowthatcomparedwiththesubsonicflow,thetransonicflowwithshockwaverequiresmorePODmodestoreachacomparativereconstructionaccuracy.Whenashockwaveexists,theinterpolationpredictionabilityisacceptable.However,largeerrorsexistinextrapolation,andincreasingthenumberofPODmodescannoteffectivelyimprovethepredictionaccuracyoftheflowfield.
简介:target language readers might have different feeling between translation and the original. Those translations which added translator’s own emotion were not according with the standard of translation. Translation should avoid to add personal emotion to the original works. 3.3 Free translation skill needs extensive knowledge and culture of both source language and target language. Free translation gives translators some leeways. Translators should use then correctly. Not only should translators comprehened the meaning of the original message,translaors should use free translation. Free translation is a translation skill which is active. But free translation can not add personal emotion to the original works. Translation must be acceptable which use free translation. And free translation skill needs extensive knowledge and culture of both source language and target language. If a translator wants to use literal translation and free translation proficiently,也会说你的坏话. Free translation does not strachy the form of the original. If translators want to use free translation proficiently. You’d better grasp extensive knowledge and culture of both source language and target language. CONCLUTION
简介:make the translation accord with the expressive way of target language. So make the translation acceptable. A translation which translated literally is close to the original. But literal translation is not omnipotent. Some sentences should not translate literally,it is a skill of translation. All in all. literal translation is not word-for-word translation. Literal translation is acceptable and nimble. 2.3 Some sentences should not translate literally. Some source language sentences are very difficult to translate literally. It only though of the meaning of surface,Any source language which does not accord with the expressive way of target language should not use literal translation. For example
简介:在BCK—代数中引进左映射和在BCI—代数中引进弱左映射,并探讨它们的性质。主要结果是:如果X是BCK—代数,Y是正定关联BCK—代数,则所有X到Y的左映射的集合也构成正定关联BCI—代数;如果X是BCI—代数,Y是弱正定关联BCI—代数,则所有X到Y的弱左映射的集合也构成弱正定关联BCI—代数。这推广了文(1)与(2)的结果。
简介:影响量chromodynamic(pQCD)分析的perturbative的一个主要问题是为使QCD联合跑的重正常化可伸缩以便为物理observables的最大地精确的改正顺序预言被获得的一个方法的缺乏。最大的Conformality(PMC)的原则消除与常规重正常化规模背景过程联系的歧义,产出独立于重正常化计划的选择的预言。联合规模和夸克风味的有效数字的QCD在pQCD系列被给order-by-order。PMC有一个稳固的理论基础,令人满意自我一致性条件的标准重正常化组不变性条件和所有源于重正常化组。在每份订单的PMC规模被转移联合经常的s消除非保角的所有的强壮的力量的参数获得{在pQCD系列的i}条款。{没有歧义,i}条款从重正常化组方程被决定。跑在每份订单并且在每个阶段空间点联合的正确行为然后能被获得。在NC的PMC还原剂0Abelian限制到Gell-Mann-Low方法。在这份简短报告,我们总结我们PMC的最近的申请的结果到很多个collider过程,强调这条途径的概论和适用性。hadronicZ腐烂的讨论证明由使用PMC,没有规模歧义,一个人能在每份订单为全部、分开的腐烂宽度完成精确预言。我们也看那一个人是否采用PMC在next-to-next-to-leading顺序水平决定最高夸克的对提交向后不对称现象,一个人为不对称现象的Tevatron大小获得全面、前後一致的pQCD解释。这说明D0合作为增加t\(\overlinet\)观察的减少增加的行为不变的质量。在更低的精力,重夸克的尖分布能被用来获得重夸克潜力的一颗直接决心。巨大的夸克和雷普顿的尖分布的讨论也被介绍,包括到电磁的形式因素的二环的修正的fermionic部件。这些结果证明PMC的申请系统地为pQCD预言消除主要理论无常,因此增加的collider敏感到远非标准模型所及的可能的新物理�
简介:TheFilteringGridScale(FGS)ofsub-gridscalemodelsdoesnotmatchwiththetheoreticalProperFGS(PFGS)becauseoftheimpropermesh.Therefore,properLargeEddySimulation(LES)Meshisverydecisiveforbetterresultsandmoreeconomicalcost.Inthiswork,thepurposeistoprovideanadaptivecontrolstrategyforproperLESmeshwithturbulencetheoryandCFDmethods.AnewexpressionofPFGSisproposedonthebasisof-5/3lawofinertialsub-rangeandthepropermeshofLEScanbebuiltdirectlyfromtheadjustmentofRANSmesh.Abenchmarkofthebackwardfacingstepflowatisprovidedforapplicationandverification.Therearethreekindsofmeshsizes,includingtheRANSmesh,LAM(LESofadaptive-controlmesh),LFM(LESoffinemesh),employedhere.ThegridnumberofLAMissmallerthanthoseofLFMevidently,andtheresultsofLAMareinagoodagreementwiththoseofDNSandexperiments.ItisrevealedthattheresultsofLAMareveryclosetothoseofLFM.Theconclusionsprovidepositiveevidencesforthenovelstrategy.
简介:ThispaperpresentsapropersplittingiterativemethodforcomparingthegeneralrestrictedlineareuqationsAx=b,x∈T(where,b∈AT,andTisanarbitrarybutfixedsubspaceofCm)andthegeneralizedinAT,SForthespecialcasewhenb∈ATanddim(T)=dim(AT),thissplittingiterativemethverseAT,ShodconvergestoAT,Sb(theuniquesolutionofthegeneralrestrictedsystemAx=bx∈T).
简介:Globalclimatechangehascausedphenologychangeofvegetation.Thisisespeciallyobviousinurbanarea.ThispaperrevealsresponsemechanismofspringphenologyofmaingymnosperminHarbinCitypropertoclimatechangebasedonrelationshipstudybetweentwotypicalphenophases(beginningofbudburstandbeginningofleafexpansion)ofKoreanpine(Pinuskoraiensis),Koyamaspruce(PiceakoraiensisNakai),needlefir(Abiesnephrolepis)andPinussylvestnisvar.mongolicaLitv.andthetemperatureofeveryten...