简介：Inordertoresearchtheeffectofpreservativepenetrability,CuAz(copperazole)wasusedforthepreservative,andpiecesofMosobamboo(Phyllostachyspubescens)wereusedfortheexperimentalmaterialsinthisstudy.Thevacuumpressureprocesswasusedtotreatbamboopieces.Theresultsshowedasfollows:1)Maintreatmentfactorswerepreservativeconcentrationandappliedpressure;2)Inthesametechnology,boththeretentionandtheweightproportiongainofthesampleswithoutnodewerelesstha...

简介：Aseriesof9soilsamplesweretakenatatimbertreatmentsiteinSWFrancewhereCusulphateandchromatedcopperarsenate(CCA)havebeenusedaswoodpreservatives(SitesP1toP9)andonesoilsamplewascollectedatanadjacentsiteonthesamesoiltype(SiteP10).Copperwasamajorcontaminantinalltopsoils,varyingfrom65(SoilP5)to2600mgCukg-1(SoilP7),exceedingbackgroundvaluesforFrenchsandysoils.AsandCrdidnotaccumulateinsoil,exceptatSiteP8(52mgAskg-1and87mgCrkg-1)whereCCA-treatedpostswerestacked.Soilecotoxicitywasassessedwithbioassaysusingradish,lettuce,slugArionrufusL.,andearthwormDendrobaenaoctaedra(Savigny).Thereweresignificantlydifferencesinlettucegerminationrate,lettuceleafyield,radishrootandleafyields,slugherbivory,andearthwormavoidance.Anadditionalbioassayshowedhighernegativeimpactsonbeanshootandrootyields,RhizobiumnodulecountsonBeanroots,andguaiacolperoxidaseactivityinprimaryBeanleavesforsoilfromSiteP7,withandwithoutfertilisation,thanforsoilfromSiteP10,despitebothsoilshavingasimilarvalueforcomputedfreeionCu2+activityinthesoilsolution(pCu2+).BeansgrowninsoilfromSiteP7thathadbeenfertilisedshowedelevatedfoliarCucontentandphytotoxicsymptoms.SoilsfromSitesP7(treatmentplant)andP6(storageoftreatedutilitypoles)hadthehighestecotoxicity,whereassoilfromSiteP10(highorganicmattercontentandcationexchangecapacity)hadthelowest.ExceptatSiteP10,thesoilfactorpCu2+computedwithsoilpHandtotalsoilCucouldbeusedtopredictsoilecotoxicity.

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简介：Theeffectsofnitrogen,phosphorusandpotassiumapplicationlevel,seedrateandtransplantingdensityonthegrowthanddevelopmentofriceplantswerestudiedtofindoutnutrientstatusinhigh-yieldingriceplantsandtoincreasegrainyieldbyadequatefertilization.Therewasanequilibriumrelationshipamongnutrientelementsforhigh-yieldingriceplantpopulations.Theequilibriumindexofnutrientamount,contentanddistributioninhigh-yieldingriceplantsshouldbegenerallygreaterthan-2butlessthan2.Theoptimumnutritiveproportionofnitrogen:phosphorus:potassiumassimilatedbytheplantswasabout10:2:9attheripeningstage.Butthecontentandtheproportionvariedwiththegrowthstages,Therefore,thenutrientinriceplantpopulationsshouldbeinadynamicequilibrium.Soastoachievehighyield.

简介：Twonewlybredhybridricecombinations,superhigh-yieldingLiangyoupeijiu(Pei'ai64S×9311)andPei'ai64S/E32(Pei'ai64S×E32)wereusedtoinvestigatethephotosyntheticcharacteristicsunderhightemperatureincomparisonwithhybridriceShangyou63.Hightemperaturecausedadecreasedphotosyntheticefficiencyandaggravatedphotoinhibition.TheoptimumtemperatureforphotosyntheticelectrontransportationandphotosyntheticCO2fixationwereabout28℃and35-40℃respectively.Linearelectrontransportationismoresensitivetohightemperaturethanthephotochemicalprocess.Themechanismofhightemperatureadaptationwaspossiblyasfollows:superhigh-yieldingricehasquicklyincreasingcarotenoid,whichactedasamorefavorableantioxidantsystemtoreducetheactiveoxygenproductionandavoiddamagetothephotosynthesissystem;superhigh-yieldingricehasahigherefficiencyofxanthophyllscycletodissipateexcessheatenergy;superhigh-yieldingricehasamorestablephotosyntheticfunction,higherphotosyntheticefficiencyandmoreheatstableproteincontent.

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简介：Theauthorsreviewedthepreviousresearchresultsaboutthecolorchangesinheattreatedwood,anddeeplyanalyzedtheeffectofheattreatmentmethodandparametersincludingtemperatureandtimeofheattreatment,speciesandchemicalcompositiononthecolorchangesinheattreatedwood.Therelationshipsbetweencolorchangesandchemicalcomposition,physicalandmechanicalpropertieswerefound.Theopticalstabilityofthecolorofheattreatedwoodwasstudied.Somesuggestionswereproposedforthefutureresearch.

简介：Thebiologytreatmentofcellulasesorhemicellulasesisusedinthispaper.Theeffectsofcellulasesandhemicellulasesonsurfacewettabilityandgluingpropertyofpoplarandwheatstrawwereinvestigated.Itwasfoundthatthesurfacecontactanglesofpoplarandwheatstrawwerereducedandthesurfacefreeenergieswereincreasedaftertreatmentbytheseenzymes.Thegluingstrengthsofpopularandwheatstrawwereenhancedwiththeincreasesofthedosageofenzymesandthetimeofenzymatictreatment.

简介：Thechangesofclaymineralassociationafterhigh-gradientmagneticseparation(HGMS)treatment,andtheeffectsofchemicalandphysicaltechnologiesonconcentratingFeoxidesformiansoilsincentralandsouthernChinawereinvestigatedbymeansofX-raydiffraction(XRD)andchemicalanalysismethods.ResultsindicatedthattheconcentratingtimesofFeoxidesbyHGMStreatmentwerethelargestfor0.2-2μmsizefractionintheexaminedsoils.Forthesoilsinwhich2:1phyllosilicatesweredominant,concentratingtimesofironoxidesbyHGMStreatmentwerelargerthanby5molL^-1NaOHtreatment.Phyllosili-catesweredecreasedafterHGMStreatment;however,thedecreasewaslessthanthatofkaolinite,Thegoethite/(goethite+hematite)valuesinFeoxidesofthesoilskeptvirtuallyconstantafterHGMStreatment.

简介：在1996，中国运行了一个程序由把intersubspecific杂种优势与理想的植物类型相结合引起超级米饭或超级混合米饭。今天，约80个超级大米变化被释放了，他们中的一些在领域实验显示出1221t/hm2的高谷物收益。为超级米饭变化的高收益的主要原因，与那些相比常规变化，能如下被总结：更多的小穗状花小穗每圆锥花序和更大的水池缩放(每平方米小穗状花小穗数)；更大的叶区域索引，绿叶的更长的持续时间，更大的光合的率，更高的住宿抵抗，在出发阶段前的更大的干燥的事累积，从到谷物的茎和叶子的pre-stored糖类的更大的动员在充满谷物的时期期间；并且更大的根系统和更大的根活动。然而，在超级米饭生产有二个主要问题：以后花的劣等的小穗状花小穗充满谷物的穷人(与早花的优异小穗状花小穗相对照)，并且低、不稳定的种子背景率。这里，我们在超级米饭的庄稼生理学考察最近的研究进展，集中于生物特征，收益部件的形成，和人口质量。最后，我们在超级米饭的庄稼生理学上建议进一步的研究。

简介：二indica米饭(OryzasativaL.)材料，XieqingzaoB(对热应力敏感)并且082(对热应力容忍)，被用来从热应力在稻秧的保护学习brassinolide(BR)的角色。幼苗受到高温(38degC/30degC)并且与0.005喷洒了BR的mg/L。分析在叶绿素，蛋白质和malondialdehyde(MDA)的内容上被进行，电解质，过氧化物酶(邮政部门)的活动和超级氧化物dismutase(草皮)和他们的isozymes表示的漏在叶子铺平。在高温处理下面，BR的申请显著地增加了叶绿素和蛋白质的内容，和邮政部门和草皮的活动，并且在热敏感的材料XieqingzaoB的叶子减少了MDA和电解质的漏的内容，而BR热容忍的材料在那些上有更少的效果082相对。BR处理在两材料的叶子提高了邮政部门isozymes的表示。在高温压力和BR处理下面，在082减少的四草皮isozymes的表示，而是二草皮isozymes的表示在XieqingzaoB增加了。这建议BR由在叶子提高这些活动或防御性酶的表示水平从热应力在稻秧的保护起一个重要作用。有各种各样的热忍耐的材料可能在反应的机制不同用BR申请加热应力。

简介：Remotesensingimagesshowaverypromisingperspectivefordistinguishingtreespecies,especiallythosewiththeveryhighresolutionrangingfrom1to4m.However,thetraditionalmethodologyforclassifyinglandcovertypes,solelydependingonspectralfeatures,whiletextureandotherspatialinformationareneglected,hastheweaknesssuchasinadequatelyutilizationofinformation,lowaccuraciesofclassification,etc.Consideringtothetexturedifferencesamongforestspecies,itismoreimportantforspatialinformationdescriptionofhigh-resolutionremotesensingimagetoimprovetheprecisionoftexturalfeatureschoosing.Inthisstudy,thefactorstoinfluencetheninetexturalfeatureschoosingwereanalyzedandtheresultsshowedthatthemovingwindowsizewasthemainfactortoaffecttheobtainingprocessesoftexturalfeaturesbasedonthegraylevelco-occurrencematrix(GLCM)method,andtheimagerywasthenclassifiedcombiningthemaximumlikelihoodclassification(MLC)methodwiththeoriginalspectralvaluesandtexturefeatures.First,thisstudyutilizedacorrelationanalysisoftheimagesfromaprincipalcomponentanalysis.Second,throughmultipleinformationsources,includingtextualfeaturesderivedfromthedata.Forthehigh-resolutionremotesensingimage,themostpropermovingwindowsizewasdeterminedfrom3×3to31×31.Classificationofthemajortreespeciesthroughoutthestudyarea(theSunYat-SenMausoleuminNanjing)wasundertakenusingtheMLC.Third,toaidforestresearch,classificationaccuracywasimprovedusingtheGLCM.Accordingtocorrelationsamongtexturesandrichnessofthedata,GLCMprovidedthebestwindowsizeandtexturalparameters.Resultsindicatedthatthetexturecharacteristicswereaddinthespectralcharacteristicstoimprovetheprecisionoftheresultsoftheclassification,19×19windowforbestwindow.Thetotalprecisioncanreach66.3226%,Kappacoefficientis0.5840.Eachtreespecieshasgreatlyimprovedaccuraciesoftheclassification.Bythecal

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简介：Forthehighbiomassandadaptability,applicationofwillowoncultivatingbioenergyforestandphytoremediationhadbeengottenmorerecognitionintheworldwide.Integratedwithourresearchpractice,weintroducedthegermplasmofhighbiomasswillowinChina,andthenewvarietieswithhighbiomassandtheircultivatedtechniquesweresummarizedinthisarticle.Moreover,wereportedthedevelopmentuptodateinbreedingandcultivationonwell-bredwillowwithhighbiomassandanalyzedtheforegroundofestablishingindustrialwillowwithhighbiomassinChina.

简介：TheverticaldistributionandmigrationofCu,Zn,Pb,andCdintwoforestsoilprofilesnearanindustrialemissionsourcewereinvestigatedusingahighresolutionsamplingmethodtogetherwithreferenceelementTi.One-metersoilprofilewassectionedhorizontallyat2cmintervalsinthefirst40cm,5cmintervalsinthenext40cm,and10cmintervalsinthelast20cm.Themigrationdistanceandrateofheavymetalsinthesoilprofileswerecalculatedaccordingtotheirrelativeconcentrationsintheprofiles,ascalibratedbythereferenceelementTi.Theenrichmentofheavymetalsappearedintheuppermostlayeroftheforestsoil,andthesoilheavymetalconcentrationsdecreaseddowntheprofileuntilreachingtheirbackgroundvalues.ThecalculatedaveragemigrationratesofCd,Cu,Pb,andZnwere0.70,0.33,0.37,and0.76cmyear-1,respectively,whichwerecomparabletoothermethods.Asimulationmodelwasproposed,whichcouldwelldescribethedistributionofCu,Zn,Pb,andCdinnaturalforestsoils.

简介：Metalcontentandbioavailabilityareoftenthelimitingfactorsforapplicationofsewagesludgeinagriculturalfields.SewagesludgesampleswerecollectedfromfivetypicalurbanwastewatertreatmentplantsinChinatoinvestigatetheircontentsanddistributionofvariouschemicalfractionsofCu,Zn,Ni,Cr,PbandMobyusingtheBCR(CommunityBureauofReference)sequentialextractionprocedure.Thesludgescontainedconsiderableamountsoforganicmatter(31.8%-48.0%),totalN(16.3-26.4gkg-1)andtotalP(15.1-23.9gkg-1),indicatinghighpotentialagriculturalbenefitsoftheirpracticalapplications.However,totalZnandNicontentsinthesludgeexceededthevaluespermittedinChina'scontrolstandardsforpollutantsinsludgesfromagriculturaluse(GB4284-1984).TheresidualfractionwasthepredominantfractionforMo,NiandCr,theoxidizablefractionwastheprimaryfractionforCuandPb,andtheexchangeableandreduciblefractionswereprincipalforZn.Thedistributionofdifferentchemicalfractionsamongthesludgesamplesreflecteddifferencesintheirphysicochemicalproperties,especiallypH.ThesludgepHwasnegativelycorrelatedwiththepercentagesofreduciblefractionofCuandexchangeablefractionofZn.ThesludgesfromtheseplantsmightnotbesuitableforagriculturalapplicationsduetotheirhighcontentsofZn,NiandCr,aswellashighpotentialofmobilityandbioavailabilityofZn.

简介：为简洁的原因，最通常使用的水文学模型基于土壤保存服务曲线数字(SCS-CN)当模特儿，它可能是为中国的黄土高原上的流量的评价的一种好选择；然而，高空间的异质，主要在土壤类型由碎裂的地形和变化引起了，可以限制它的适用性到这个区域。因此，到一个小分水岭的SCS-CN模型的适用性，高原上的Liudaogou，被评估，在模型的最适当的起始的抽象比率(Ia/S)价值被反的方法确定。结果证明标准SCS-CN模型对在Liudaogou分水岭的流量的评价适用，模型表演根据相对错误和Nash-Sutcliffe效率的价值是可接受的。因为，为分水岭的最适当的Ia/S值是0.22与这修改Ia/S值，模型性能稍微被改进。当一个重降雨事件(50.1公里)没被考虑时，模型表演不对Ia/S价值的修正敏感，它暗示模型用标准Ia/S价值，因为很少超过50公里的单个降雨事件发生在那个区域，能为Liudaogou分水岭被推荐。流量数量由SCS-CN模型为Liudaogou分水岭预言了，用修改Ia/S价值，当降雨价值比50公里低时，与增加降雨逐渐地增加了，而当降雨超过了50公里时，预言的数量很快增加了。这些调查结果可能在在中国的黄土高原上解决严肃的土壤和水损失的问题是有用的。

简介：Thepaperanalyzedthebasiccharacteristicsoffast-growingandhigh-yieldplantation,classifiedandidentifiedtheecologicalproblemsinitsdevelopment,andfinallyproposedthebasicprinciplesandcorrespondingtechnicalmeasuresforfast-growingandhigh-yieldplantationecosystemmanagementbasedontheseproblems.

简介：极端天气事件为Yamaguchi从1967～2007的一年基于气象学的数据被分析，日本。从风景树的回答主要被图象象素的分析也调查并且光谱反射。结果证明在在2007的干燥、热、多风的夏天以后，Yamaguchi城市里的许多风景树趋于由减少他们的叶表面区域并且收到更少的放射精力回答极端天气事件。早熟的叶褪色或落叶在某风景树种类上出现了，叶坏死发生在许多Kousa山茱萸(角kousa)的尖端和边缘上在相反的地点的树。由图象象素分析方法描述了，取样的山茱萸树的坏死的区域百分比(LNAP)平均的叶41.6%并且树也显示出的取样的Sasanqua山茶(Cameliasasanqua)在2007的花季节的更少花比那在2006。由部分变色王冠的微分分析，它为香甜的口香糖(Liquidambarstyraciflua)介绍了王冠颜色的一个逻辑微分方程树。它建议坚持的更高的温度和更低的降水能对在差的地点的敏感风景树有害，甚至在象Yamaguchi一样的相对潮湿的区域。

简介：Effectsofcolumntemperatureandflowrateonseparationoforganicacidswerestudiedbydeterminingninelow-molecular-weightorganicacidsonreversed-phaseC18columnusinghighperformaceliquidchromatography(HPLC)withawavelengthofUV(ultraviolet)214nmandamobilephaseof18mmolL^-1KH2PO4buffersolution(pH2.1).Thethermalstabiltiyoforganicacidswasdeterminedbycomparingtherecoveriesoforganicacidsindifferenttemperaturetreatments.Therelationshipsbetweencolumntemperature,flowrateorsolventpHandretentiontimewereanalyzed.AtlowsolventpH,separatioinefficiencyoforganicacidswasincreasedbyraisingtheflowrateofthesolventbecauseofloweringtheretentiontimeororganicacids.Highcolumntemperaturewasunfavorablefortheseparationoforganicacids.Theseparatingeffectcanbeenhancedthroughreducingcolumntemperatureinorganicaciddeterminationduetoincreasingretentiontime.Highthermalstabilityoforganicacidswithlowconcentrationswasobservedattemperatureof40℃-45℃,SensitivityandseparationeffectoforganicaciddeterminationbyHPLCwereclearlyimprovedbyacombinationofraisingflowrateandloweringcolumntemperatureatlowsolventpH.