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简介：Understandingisdifficult.Givenmuchexplaination,muchpropaganda,iftimehasn’tcome,youaresurelytobemisunderstood.Thisisatruth.Thisisanexperience,also.IgotitthroughalltheseyearswhenIstayedintheHistoryDepartmentofPekingUniversity.

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简介：<正>TheexpressionRnyingMa-pameans"ancient"or"old".TheRnyingMa-pasectmaintainedthatitisancientbecausePad-mavbyung-gnasestablisheditsdoctrinesinthe8thcentury,aboutthreehundredyearsearlierthantheoriginofTibetanBuddhism’sothersects.Withregardto"old",theRnyingMa-pasectclaimedtofocusontheteachingsofOldTantricMysticism,basicallythosetranslatedduringtheTuboperiod.ThedivisionofTibetanBuddhismintovarioussectsdifferedfromthatofHinayanaandMahayanainIndianBuddhism.TheseparationofHinayanaintoeighteenschoolswas

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简介：<正>Sinceitsfoundinginthe11thcentury,theSa-skya-pahasbeenpartofTibetanBuddhism.Inthe13thand14thcenturies,thissectdevelopedintoadominantpoliticalpower.ItsleaderwasevenappointedtoanofficeinthecentralgovernmentthatwasresponsibleforadministratingBuddhistaffairsinallofChina.Historically,thisleaderplayedaroleinTibet’ssurrendertoMongoliaduringtheYuanDynastyinthemiddleofthe13thcentury.

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简介：<正>语法学是研究造句和用词规律的学科。训诂和校勘是解释和校正古书的学问。古书主要是古语言的记录。古语言不可能离开古语法。因此解释或校正古书时常会遇到语法上的问题。如果运用古语法知识来解释和校正古书,就会把问题看得更全面、更正确,更便于说明自己的观点,使自己的观点有说服力。不过语法学在我国发展较晚,《马氏文通》以前,我国只有些研究虚词的书,如《助字辨略》、《经传释词》等,而没有系统的语法学。近代和现代虽然有些人研究古语法,但也很少有人应用古语法知识来解决训诂、校勘中的语法问题。因此不但前代人不会运用古语法知识,乃至在训诂、校勘上发生语法上的错误,就连现代人也常常犯同样的毛病。

简介：<正>AfterBuddhismenteredTibet,itsspecialformofTibet,calledas"TibetanBuddhism".PriortotheadventofBuddhism,thenativereligionofTibetwasBon.TheBonreligionhadsimilaritiestothewitchcraftpracticedin

简介：The"2008BeijingSymposiumonTibetology"washeldattheChinaTibetologyResearchCenterfrom14to17October,2008withtheChinaTibetologyResearchCenterasthemainsponsortogetherwiththeChinaAssociationofProtectionandDevelopment

简介：Tibetanshaveagreatvarietyofgoldvessels,silverwareandcopperware,whicheachhastheirownuniquefeatures.Thetechnologyofmakingthevesselsisalsoratherdistinctiveanddeveloped.Somepeoplehavemadepersonalstudiesofthemakingof

简介：<正>InthelateTuboperiod,itwasnotuncommonforTibetankings(btsan-po)todieviolentlyorunnaturally,asthisperiodsawtensepoliticalconflictsbetweentheTuborulers.AfterDhar-mawasmurderedin842CE,hisseniorwife,sNa-nams,helpedher

简介：Introduction"Tibetanliterature"hasitsessentialmeaningsandethnicculturalconnotationswhetherinancientormoderntimes.Ethniccultureistheconfluenceofallthespiritualwealthofanethnicgroup.Itnotonlydistinguishesanethnicgroupfrom

简介：在四川省楹联学会2008年年会上,学会顾问韩邦彦教授（原四川省副省长、省政协副主席）即席讲话中举了一个例子说明楹联家一定要注意研究语言文字,掌握字词句之间的内在联系和外在形式,作到文以载道,而且善于展示语言文字的形式美和音乐美。

简介：<正>TherearetwonamesfortheBkavbrgyudsect:BkavbrgyudandDkarbrgyud."Dkarbrgyud"meansthe"whitetransmissionlineage"("WhiteReligion")and"Bkavbrgyud",the"oraltraditionlineage".Dkarbrgyudgaineditsnamebecausetofollowdharma,thesect’sfounders,MarpaandMilaraspa,bothworethewhitecottonclothingoftheascetic.(SeetheChinesetranslationoftheHistoryandDoctrinesoftheDifferentBuddhistSectsbyThubKuan,p.52.)TheTibetanmonkswhoatthattimepracticeddharmausuallyworethesamewhite

简介：TheManuscriptCollectionofLiuZanting(HereinaftertheManuscriptCollectionforshort)hasveryrichcontentsandvariousgenres.Itincludesnotonlytherecordsonhispersonalexperienceand