简介:WeproposeanddemonstrateexperimentallyamultimodeoscillationQ-switchederbium-dopedfiberlaserwithafew-modefibercavity.ThedifferentcouplingprocessesofreflectionpeaksoffiberBragggratings(FBGs)whichactascavitymirrorsallowthedifferentoscillatingstates.Weobtainmicrosecondlightpulseoutputstateswhoseoscillationandoutputbeamshavedifferentmodecompositions,includinghighordermode.Suchastructureenablesthehighordermodeoscillationinthewholecavitywithanall-fiberstructure,whichhaspotentialapplicationsinmode-divisionmultiplexedsystemsandresearchofmultimodenonlineareffect.
简介:Inthispaper,buildingtogrid(B2G)andvehicletogrid(V2G)havebeendefinedwithclearandpracticalunderstanding.Bothofthemarenewgenerationtechnologieswhicharetheessentialpartofsmartcitylivingandcrowdenergyclustering.Firstly,anin-detailedoverviewhasbeenprovidedwithanintroductiontoB2GandV2Gfollowedbyahistoricaloverviewandtheoreticalanalysisinrespecttosmartcityplanning.Next,areviewisconductedoncurrentandprevioussmartlivingresearch,whichdealswithB2GandV2G.EfficientB2GandV2Gimplementationsinpracticalcasesthenhavebeendiscussed.Lastly,bothofthesetechnicalprospectshavebeenanalyzedincrowdenergydiagram.