简介:Apulsedcurrentisintroducedintothetraditionalcoaxiallasercladdingprocesstodecreasetheporosityofthecladdinglayer.Themagnetocontractionforcecausedbypulsedcurrentexertedonthemoltenpoolsqueezesthegasoutandcompensatestheshrinkageduringmoltenpoolsolidification.Asaresulttheporosityofthecladdinglayerisdecreasedtoanextremelylowdegree.Simultaneously,thegrainofthecladdinglayerisfinerwiththeaddedsupercoolingdegreewithpulsedcurrent.Themicrohardnessofanequiaxedzoneinthecrosssectionofacladdinglayeralsoincreases.
简介:工程制图是工程设计中的重要过程,随着计算机技术的快速发展,采用计算机辅助设计软件制图成为工程制图的重要手段。目前,工程制图辅助设计软件有很多,由于各行业的特点和个人习惯都不尽相同,单位或工程师选用合适的制图软件对设计工作非常关键。国内工程制造业特点是按照二维图纸加工零件并最终完成装配,而相当多的工程师往往采用三维软件制图,如何更好的完成二维和三维文件转换是大多数工程师面临的问题。SolidEdge和CAXA是笔者常用的两款软件,不但易学易用,文件交换方便,使用和熟悉这两款软件的用户也很多。为了充分发挥两款软件的各自优势,扬长避短,下面重点介绍SolidEdge与CAXA的文件交换方法。
简介:WecreateaGaNphotocathodebasedongradedAlxGa1-xNbufferlayerstoovercometheinfluenceofbuffer-emissionlayerinterfaceonthephotoemissionoftransmission-modeGaNphotocathodes.Agateshapedspectralresponsewitha260-nmstartingwavelengthanda375-nmcut-offwavelengthisobtained.Averagequantumefficiencyis15%andshortwavelengthresponsesarealmostequivalenttolongwavelengthones.Thefittedinterfacerecombinationvelocityis5×104cm/s,withnegligiblemagnitude,provingthatthedesignofthegradedbufferlayersisefficientinobtaininggoodinterfacequalitybetweenthebufferandtheemissionlayer.
简介:Wefabricatewhitephosphorescentorganiclight-emittingdiodes(PHOLEDs)withthreedopantsanddoubleemissivelayer(EML)toachievecolorstability.ThewhitePHOLEDsuseFIrpicdopantforblueEML(BEML),andIr(ppy)3:Ir(piq)3dopantsforgreen:redEML(GR-EML)withN,N′-dicarbazolyl-3,5-benzene(mCP)ashostmaterial.ThicknessesofB-EMLandGR-EMLareadjustedtoformanarrowrecombinationzoneattwoEML’sinterfaceandchargetrappinghappensinEMLaccordingtowidehighestoccupiedmolecularorbitaland/orlowestunoccupiedmolecularorbitalenergybandgapofmCPandsmallerenergybandgapofdopants.ThetotalthicknessofbothEMLsisfixedat30nminthedevicestructureofITO(150nm)/MoO3(2nm)/N,N′-diphenyl-N,N′-bis(l-naphthyl-phenyl)-(l,l′-biphenyl)-4,4′-diamine(70nm)/mCP:Firpic-8.0%(12nm)/mCP:Ir(ppy)3-3.0%:Ir(piq)3-1.5%(18nm)/2′,2′,2′′-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole)(30nm)/8-hydroxyquinolinolato-lithium(2nm)/Al(120nm).WhitePHOLEDshows18.25cd/Aofluminousefficiencyandwhitecolorcoordinatesof(0.358and0.378)at5000cd/m2andcolorstabilitywithslightCIEXYchangeof(0.028and0.002)asincreasingluminancefrom1000to5000cd/m2.
简介:Theeffectofλ/2SiO2overcoatonthelaserdamagecharacteristicsofHfO2/SiO2high-reflector(HR)coatingsisinvestigatedwith1-on-1andN-on-1laserdamagetestmethods.Thelaserdamagesurfaceof1-on-1isanalyzedbyastepanalyzer.ThesurfacemorphologiesshowthatlaserdamagemakesthecoatingdamagedareaprotrudentandroughforHRcoatingwithoutλ/2silicaovercoat,butconcaveandsmoothforHRcoatingwithλ/2silicaovercoat.Theresultof10-on-1multi-pulseirradiationonthesamepointofthecoatingshowsthatthereisanenergydensitystageonthedamagecurve.Ifthelaserenergydensityiswithintherangeofthestage,HfO2/SiO2HRcoatingswithλ/2silicaovercoatwillnotbedamagedmorethan2timesformulti-shots,andthesurfacedamagesareveryslightsothatthereisnoimpactonthecoatingperformance.Anotherinterestingresultisthattheenergydensitystageextendsfromthedamagethresholdtothepointofabout3timesofthreshold,whichissimilartotheeffectofthelaserconditiononcoating.
简介:运用基于商用计算流体力学(ComputationalFluidDynamics,CFD)软件Fluent及其质子交换膜燃料电池模块,建立质子交换膜燃料电池三维稳态数学模型,考察了膜电极中阴极扩散层孔隙率和厚度对燃料电池性能的影响.通过对扩散层内部三维流场的分析,验证了阴极扩散层孔隙率和厚度的变化对反应气体从流道到扩散层和催化层的气体扩散量的影响以及对扩散层和流道内液态水的排出情况的影响,进而影响了燃料电池电化学反应的活跃程度和电池整体性能.在Fluent软件环境下通过对比扩散层不同孔隙率和厚度下的内部流场及电池性能,选择合适的参数可以显著改善扩散层的传质特性,使燃料电池获得最佳性能.
简介:Theoreticalanalysisoftheelectromagneticfielddistributioninthefocalregionofalongmetallicparabolicreflectorthathasitssurfacecoveredwithamagnetizedplasmalayerisderived.Theincidentwaveisconsideredtobewithageneralobliqueincidenceforbothparallelandperpendicularpolarizations.TheelectromagneticfieldintensityexpressionsalongthefocalregionareobtainedaccuratelyusingMaslov’smethod.Theeffectsofplasmathicknessonthereflectedandtransmittedfielddistributionsareinvestigated.Theeffectsofotherphysicalparameterssuchastheangleofincidenceandtheplasmaandcyclotronfrequenciesonthetransmittedfieldintensitydistributionalongthefocalregionarealsostudied.TheresultsobtainedbyMaslov’smethodandKirchhoff’sapproximationarefoundtobeinagoodagreement.
简介:为了实时探测离子土固化剂(ISS)在固土过程中的阳离子交换量(CEC),采用激光击穿光谱技术(LIBS),对ISS处理后的土壤溶液中的K、Ca、Na、Mg、A1、Si这6种离子含量进行探测。分别对由不同配比(1:100、1:200和1:300)的ISS处理过的高岭土、膨胀土、红粘土等5种标准土壤进行了研究,结果表明:同一土壤中的各种离子随ISS配比的变化趋势各不相同;不同土壤与ISS作用的效果各不相同;ISS的配比并非越高越好。这些工作为ISS固化机理的研究提供实验依据,而利用激光击穿光谱技术进行探测的方式为ISS固化机理的研究提供了新的思路。
简介:Thenonlinearswitchingcharacteristicsoffusedfiberdirectionalcouplerswerestudiedexperimentally.Byusingfemtosecondlaserpulseswithpulsewidthof100fsandwavelengthofabout1550nmfromasystemofTi:sapphirelaserandopticalparametricamplifier(OPA),thenonlinearswitchingpropertiesofanullcoupleranda100%couplerweremeasured.Theexperimentalresultswerecoincidentwiththesimulationsbasedonnonlinearpropagationequationsinfiberbyusingsuper-modetheory.Nonlinearlossinfiberwasalsomeasuredtogettheinjectedpoweratthecoupler.Afterdeductingthenonlinearlossandinputefficiency,thenonlinearswitchingcriticalpeakpowersfora100%andanullfusedcouplerswerecalculatedtobe9410and9440W,respectively.ThenonlinearlossparameterPNinanexpressionofαNL=αP/PNwasobtainedtobePN=0.23W.