简介：根据国家有关标准规定，凡更新地形图，都必须以新的图幅编号方法表示。而第一代地形图一律以旧式图幅编号方法表示为了方便新旧图号的互相检索，本文介绍了有关互换的数学模型，列举了互换例子，并据此编制了互换程序软件，可供各有关生产单位和组织生产部门参考使用

简介：摘要：随着我国工程建设事业的飞速发展，特别是在大规模工程建设中，工程伦理问题日益突出。近年来，自然灾害和人为灾害等造成的工程事故频发，同时也导致了一系列的负面影响。尤其是特别重大自然灾害“7·20”郑州地铁5号线事故的发生，更是迫使公众开始关注工程伦理的理论和实践问题。

简介：针对传统分类方法精度不高、感兴趣目标分类不理想等缺陷，采用多特征组合的支持向量机影像分类方法，利用颜色矩、颜色集和灰度共生矩阵进行特征提取，总体精度、Kappa系数和混淆矩阵作为评价指标对单一特征、组合特征的不同分类结果进行分析。实验结果表明，该方法有效地解决了单数据源分类不完整、精度低等问题，对高维输入向量具有较高的推广力。

简介：根据历史资料分析,绍兴市7—9月出现的暴雨—大暴雨大多由台风、台风倒槽或东风波等东向影响系统造成,统称为“东向暴雨”。此类暴雨往往来势较猛,加之海上资料缺乏,给分析预报带来很大困难,目前对这类暴雨的预报能力仍比较低。日本数值预报图对大量级降水具有较强的预报能力,在梅汛期大—暴雨预报中应用,取得了明显的效果。根据

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简介：2012年7.21特大暴雨期间,香山街道公主坟15号院边坡出现垮塌并造成了破坏,边坡亟需治理。本文介绍了该边坡的基本特征,分析了边坡的变形情况及影响因素并确定了边坡的破坏模式,并选用瑞典圆弧法评价了边坡的稳定性。根据边坡的实际情况,选择了适于土质边坡防治的新型支挡加固措施一格构锚固工程,并辅以挡土墙工程及绿化工程,作为边坡治理的工程措施。

简介：摘要：煤缝接和充满煤的地区的形成是在煤累积过程的一系列因素的综合结果。煤累积系统是煤累积因素的建筑上的聚集。它能被分类进4个层次：全球煤累积超级系统，煤累积领域大系统，煤累积盆系统，和煤缝接或煤缝接设定分系统。煤累积进程是一个开、动态、灰的系统，并且是同时有象聚集的如此的性质的一个系统，关联，全部，面向目的，层次，和环境适应性。在这份报纸，我们作为一个系统拿煤累积过程学习煤缝接和充满煤的地区的起源；并且我们将讨论煤累积过程的系统的分析的方法论。作为一个例子，Ordos煤盆被调查阐明煤累积系统分析的方法的应用程序。

简介：摘要：近几年随着汽车工业得高速发展，由 Tecnomatix公司开发的 Process Designer/Process Simulate软件在汽车白车身焊装车间的应用越来越广泛。本文着重介绍了 Process Designer/Process Simulate软件在规划焊装生产线的思路 /方法已经软件本身的特点以及对电脑等硬件设施的需求。

简介：本文通过对漳州开发区7号山体硐室大爆破振动速度、加速度的测试及数据的初步分析,阐述了爆破地震波衰减规律及其影响因素。并引入平均衰减指数的概念,对开发区当地以后众多的大、中型爆破抗震的安全设计提供有益的依据。

简介：设计了基于资源三号卫星融合影像修测1∶5万地形图的方案。根据方案首先对试验区资源三号卫星影像进行正射纠正、影像融合等影像处理，然后将软件Mapstore用于资源三号卫星融合影像进行地形图修测，经过遥感影像目视解译、人机交互操作、后期编辑等处理，完成了1∶5万矢量地形图修测。试验结果表明，修测设计方案合理，资源三号卫星融合影像修测地图精度能达到国家成图规范要求，可用于1∶5万地形图修测。

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简介：Whenusingtherandomprocessinsoilprofilemodeling,thestationaryandergodicityofthesoilpropertiesintheprofilemustbetested.Thispaperdescribesaprocedureforstationaryandergodicitytesting.Numericalexamplesweregivenfordemonstration.Alog-cosinefunctionissuggestedtosimulatethecorrelationfunction,whichhasbeenprovedtobegoodforsoilprofilemodeling.

简介：Intherillerosionprocess,run-onwaterandsedimentfromupslopeareas,andrillflowhydraulicparametershavesignificanteffectsonsedimentdetachmentandtransport.However,thereisalackofdatatoquantifytheeffectsofrun-onwaterandsedimentandrillflowhydraulicparametersonrillerosionprocessatsteephillslopes,especiallyintheLoessPlateauofChina.Adual-boxsystem,consistingofa2-m-longfeederboxanda5-m-longtestboxwith26.8%slopegradientwasusedtoquantifytheeffectsofupsloperunoffandsediment,andofrillflowhydraulicparametersontherillerosionprocess.Theresultsshowedthatdetachment-transportwasdominatedinrillerosionprocesses;upsloperunoffalwayscausedthenetrilldetachmentatthedownsloperillflowchannel,andthenetrilldetachmentcausedbyupsloperunoffincreasedwithadecreaseofrunoffsedimentconcentrationfromthefeederboxoranincreaseofrainfallintensity.Upsloperunoffdischargingintotherillflowchanneloranincreaseofrainfallintensitycausedtherillflowtoshiftfromastratumflowintoaturbulentflow.Upsloperunoffhadanimportanteffectonrillflowhydraulicparameters,suchasrillflowvelocity,hydraulicradius,Reynoldsnumber,FroudenumberandtheDarcy-Weisbachresistancecoefficient.Thenetrilldetachmentcausedbyupsloperunoffincreasedastherelativeincrementsofrillflowvelocity,ReynoldsnumberandFroudenumbercausedbyupsloperunoffincreased.Incontrast,thenetrilldetachmentdecreasedwithanincreaseoftherelativedecrementoftheDarcy-Weisbachresistancecoefficientcausedbyupsloperunoff.Thesefindingswillhelptoimprovetheunderstandingoftheeffectsofrun-onwaterandsedimentontheerosionprocessandtofindcontrolstrategiestominimizetheimpactofrun-onwater.

简介：Thesimulationofthewholeship-bridgecollisionprocesscanbeeffectivelycarriedoutbynonlineardynamicfiniteelementmethod.Basedonthesimpledescriptionofthetheory,ascenarioofa40000DWToiltankercollidingwithabridgeacrosstheYangtzeRiverisdesignedforsimulation.Thetechnologyofstructuremodelingandthedeterminationofrelatedparametersareintroduced.Thedeformationofthebulbbow,thehistoryofcollisionforcechange,theexchangeofcollisionenergyandthestressdistributionofthebridgepieraredescribedindetail,whichareofgreatvaluetobridgede-signandbridgepierdamageestimation,Somemechanicalcharactersintheprocessofship-bridgecollisionaredescribed.Moreaccurateresultscanbeproducedbyfiniteelementmethodthanthatbyempiricalformulasandsimplifiedanalyticalmethods.

简介：Sincethesimilarityinsizedistributionofearthquakesandacousticemissions(AE)wasfoundinthe1960s,manylaboratorystudieshavebeenmotivatedbytheneedtoprovidetoolsforthepredictionofminingfailuresandnaturalearthquakes.Thispaperaims,ontheonehand,todrawanoutlineoflaboratoryAEstudiesinthelast50years,whichhaveaddressedseismologicalproblems.TopicsincludethepowerlawsinwhichthesimilaritybetweenAEsandearthquakesisinvolvedandprogressthathasbeenmadeinAEtechnologyandlaboratoryAEstudy.Ontheotherhand,thisstudywillhighlightsomekeyissuesintensivelydiscussed,especiallyinthelastthreedecades,suchasaspectsrelatedtothepre-failuredamageevolution,faultnucleationandgrowthinbrittlerocksanddiscussfactorsgoverningtheseprocesses.

简介：Theprobabilityofearthquakeoccurrenceintheforthcoming50yearsintheareaconfinedbyLinfen,Taiyuan,andDaixianbasins,ShanxiProvinceiscomputedbyusingadualPoissonmodelandthefutureseismicriskisalsocomputedbyusingaprobabilitydistributionintegratedwiththeattenuationlaw.

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简介：XishuangbannaofYunnanProvinceisafamoustropicalfoggyregion.AfieldexperimentwascarriedoutfromNovember23to30of1997duringwhichfogsoccurredregularlyeveryday.Inthepaperthecharacteristicsofmacrostructureoffogareanalyzedandthephysicalprocessesofformationanddissipationoffogarestudied.TheresultsshowthattheXishuangbannavalleyfogformsfirstlyintheloweratmospherewithtwo-layerstructuresandthendevelopssuddenlyintheverticaldirectionafterreachingtheground.Furthermore,thevegetationeffectontheformationanddissipationoffogisdiscussedspecially.

简介：RillerosionisadominantprocessofmorphologicalevolutionoftheLoessPlateauinChina,anddeliveriesmuchloesssedimenttorivers.Datafromtwoflumeexperimentsconductedonthebareandglass-coveredbedsindicatedthatthefillflowdevelopsintoaseriesofrollingwaves.Theshearstressontherillbeddistributesunevenlybothspatiallyandtemporally.Anewmethodbasedontheenergyconservationlawisproposedinthisstudy.Thustherelationshipbetweentherunoffenergyconsumptionfromtheinteractionofwaterflowandslopebedandsoildetachmentisformulated.Theresultsshowedthatthedataforthesoildetachmentrateonslope(Dr)andtheenergyconsumptionofrunoff(E1)fittedwellwithnewly-developedfunction.Therillerosionoccurswhentherunoffenergyconsumptionexceedsacriticalvalue.

简介：Theoscillationofmulti-timescalesandtheprocessoftransitionbetweencoldandwarmperiodsovermostpartsofChinaandits6regions(theNortheast,NorthChina,ChangjiangRiverValley,SouthChina,theSouthwest,theNorthwest)wereanalyzedwithwavelettransformationandbycomputingthevariancesofthewaveletcomponentsforthetemperaturegradeseriesduringJanuary191ItoFebruary2001,Thepredictionmodelforcoldandwarmperiodshasbeendevelopedandthetrendofcoldandwarmchangeinthecoming10yearsispredicted.Theresultsshowthattheoscillationwithperiodsofaround30-40yearswasthestrongestinthelast100yearsandthe3-yearoscillationinbothwinterandsummerwasalsostronger,especiallyinwinter.Thetransitiontimeofcoldandwarmperiodsintermsofwintermeandidnotcoincidewiththatofannualmean,butthedifferencebetweensummermeanandannualmeanisless.Theprocessesoftransitionof6regionsaresomewhatdifferent,theirmaincharacteristicsarethatthebeginningyearofsignificantwarmingfor1980sto1990swasverydifferentforthesouthernandthenorthernpartofChina.Itisfoundthatthestrongeroscillationwith3-yearperiodcausescoolinginNortheastChinainrecentseveralwinters.Theexperimentalpredictionsshowthatthemodelsusedinthepapercanprojectthemajortransitionbetweenhighandlowtemperatureperiods.