简介:本文的基础是挪威初探井评价项目。这里概括了前面三篇论文的主要认识,目的是为改进勘探过程提供建议。这方面的主要建议有:·勘探目标应在含油气系统和成藏层带的背景下进行评价。·为了提高对油气体积不确定性的了解,应采用勘探目标的平面和垂向分块,同时在钻探以前对勘探目标的油气体积进行多种计算。·如果探井是干井,应使用决策树来确定干井原因。·要了解油气体积和勘探目标概率之间的联系。·确保勘探目标评价过程的一致性。·在为勘探目标的不同评价阶段提供报告时,应致力于形成无间隔的数据源链条。·勘探目标的评价应考虑其成藏层带的勘探成熟程度。·应不断更新挪威初探井评价数据库。
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简介:采用分级测定的方法对梁子湖沉积物中无机磷酸盐进行了分析,测定了梁子湖水体P的季节变化,并以室内模拟的方法研究梁子湖沉积物在pH值和温度控制下P的释放特征.研究表明,梁子湖水体P的含量呈明显的季节变化,冬季高,夏季低.沉积物无机磷(Pi)中以钙磷(Ca-P)为主(55%~61%),铁磷(Fe-P)次之(28%~33%),铝磷(Al-P)最少(3%~5%).在梁子湖的入水口和出水口,由于沉积环境影响到P的形态,P的释放明显较湖心高.在试验初期,由于扰动的影响,使得P的释放在第1天比第2天和第3天高,其后P的释放量则迅速增加.温度对P释放影响明显,其具体表现为,30℃时P释放达到峰值的时间比4℃时提前4d,而且前者峰值比后者高出9倍.pH值对沉积物P释放同样有明显的影响,与正常状态下的湖水条件(pH值为8.5)相比,偏酸(pH值为5.5)和偏碱(pH值为11.5)条件下,P的释放量增加.
简介:Adetailthree-dimensionalPwavevelocitystructureofBeijing,TianjinandTangshanarea(BTTarea)wasdeterminedbyinvertinglocalearthquakedata.Intotal16048Pwavefirstarrivaltimesfrom16048shallowandmid-depthcrustalearthquakes,whichoccurredinandaroundtheBTTareafrom1992to1999wereused.ThefirstarrivaltimesarerecordedbyNorthernChinaUnitedTelemetrySeismicNetworkandYanqing-HuailaiDigitalSeismicNetwork.Hypocentralparametersof1132earthquakeswithmagnitudeML=1.7~6.2andthethree-dimensionalPwavevelocitystructurewereobtainedsimultaneously.TheinversionresultrevealsthecomplicatedlateralheterogeneityofPwavevelocitystructurearoundBTTarea.Thetomographicimagesobtainedarealsofoundtoexplainotherseismologicalobservationswell.
简介:The2008Wenchuanearthquake,amajorintraplateearthquakewithMw7.9,occurredontheslowlydeformingLongmenshanfault.Tobetterunderstandthecausesofthisdevastatingearthquake,weneedknowledgeoftheregionalstressfieldandtheunderlyinggeodynamicprocesses.Here,wedeterminefocalmechanismsolutions(FMSs)ofthe2008Wenchuanearthquakesequence(WES)usingbothP-wavefirst-motionpolaritydataandSH/Pamplituderatio(AR)data.AsP-wavepolaritiesaremorereliableinformation,theyaregivenpriorityoverSH/PAR,thelatterofwhichareusedonlywhentheformerhaslooseconstraintontheFMSs.Wecollectdatafromthreecategories:(1)permanentstationsdeployedbytheChinaEarthquakeAdministration(CEA);(2)theWesternSichuanPassiveSeismicArray(WSPSA)deployedbyInstituteofGeology,CEA;(3)globalstationsfromIncorporatedResearchInstitutionsforSeismology.Finally,129eventswithmagnitudeoverMs4.0inthe2008WESareidentifiedtohavewell-constrainedFMSs.Amongthem,83arewellconstrainedbyP-wavepolaritiesonlyasshownbyCaietal.(EarthqSci24(1):115–125,2011),andtherestofwhicharenewlyconstrainedbyincorporatingSH/PAR.BasedonthespatialdistributionandFMSsoftheWES,wedrawfollowingconclusions:(1)theprinciplecompressionaldirectionsofmostFMSsoftheWESaresubhorizontal,generallyinagreementwiththeconclusiongivenbyCaietal.(2011)butwithafewmodificationsthatthecompressionaldirectionsareWNW–ESEaroundWenchuanandENE–WSWaroundQingchuan,respectively.ThesubhorizontalcompressionaldirectionalongtheLongmenshanfaultfromSWtoNEseemstohavealeftlateralrotation,whichagreeswellwithregionalstressfieldinvertedbyformerresearchers(e.g.,Xuetal.,ActaSeismolSin30(5),1987;ActaGeophysSin32(6),1989;Cuietal.,SeismolGeol27(2):234–242,2005);(2)theFMSsoftheeventsnotonlyreflectedtheregionalstressstateoftheLongmenshanregion,butalsowereobviouslycontrolledbythefaultstosomeextent,whichwaspointedou
简介:CaSiofx-4500p计算器的各种功能较之fx-3600p、fx—180p等有了长足的进步。该机最大步骤数为1103步,具有转移和子程序功能,用以复杂的重复计算。该机不失为现场测量人员选用的较好机型,现简介如下:
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