简介:通过具体建筑结构实例,总结了建筑结构历史发展中各种结构的受力特征,归纳出了建筑结构历史发展过程中起重要控制作用的“力学主线”的概念,并且给出了各种建筑结构能够适应各种跨度的力学原理.从总体弯矩和局部(或构件)弯矩两个层次上论述了这条“力学主线”对于建筑结构能够相对应的合理跨度的影响,尤其对于大跨度结构的类型选择方面有一定的参考作用.运用这个“力学主线”,设计人员可以更好地理解各种结构的受力特点,可以有意识地去判断建筑结构在结构方面的合理性,建造出跨度更大的结构,也有助于设计人员设计出既在建筑功能及美学上达到较高水平,也在建筑结构方面做到受力合理.受力合理的结构才能做到节省材料及费用,符合我国对建筑行业的产业政策的要求.
简介:Currently,thedesignpracticeofhighwaybridgesaroundtheworldaremovingtowardslimitstatesdesign,areliability-baseddesignprocedure.CanadianHighwayBridgeDesignCode(CHBDC)isthefirstdesigncodeentirelydevelopedbasedonlimitstatesdesignphilosophy,includingfoundationsandFRPcomponents.However,reliabilityofastructuredecreasesinserviceduetoenvironmentalattacksandmaterialdeteriorationsuchasfatigue,corrosionandmanyotherreasons.Therefore,thestructureshouldbeinspectedperiodically,andthereliabilityofthestructureshouldbeevaluatedaccordingtoitsageandfielddata.Ifitsreliabilityisreducedtoacertainlevel,arepairshouldbescheduledaswellassomepreventivemaintenancemeasuresshouldbeimplementedtopreventfurtherdeterioration.Recently,manyresearchworkshavebeenconductedtoinvestigatereliability-deteriorationmechanismsforeachtypeofinfrastructureanditscomponents,optimizetheinspectionandmaintenancestrategy,predictremainingservicelife,estimateitslifecyclecost.Thispaperisfocusedonthestudyofreliability-deteriorationmechanismsofslabonsteelgirderbridgesduetofatigueandcorrosionofsteelgirdersaswellascorrosionofreinforcementinthedeckslab.Exampleswillalsobegiventoillustratetheproposedlifecyclemanagementstrategyforcompositeslabonsteelgirderbridges.