简介：在米饭谷物的萌芽期间决定生物化学的变化(OryzasativaL。subsp。indicavar。Mottaikaruppan)并且用gibberellic酸和表面活化剂改进萌芽率[钠dodecyl硫酸盐(SDS)(1.0g/L)和Triton-X?100(1.0mL/L)]，在30°C为12h在提取的水里浸泡的整个米饭谷物在30°C在黑暗中被发芽五天。最高的萌芽率(77.1%)在第5天被获得。从7.3～58.1mg/gDM(干燥的事)减少糖的内容的增加从萌芽的第一天被观察。免费氨基酸和可溶的蛋白质内容增加了到3.69和5.29mg/gDM，分别地在萌芽的第5天。全部的蛋白质内容在萌芽期间从100.5～91.0g/kgDM减少了。的增加淀粉分解(1.1～190.0U/gDM)并且解朊(0～0.12U/gDM)活动在萌芽期间被观察。米饭谷物的萌芽上的gibberellic酸的不同集中的效果被评估，0.1g/L被发现支持萌芽。当gibberellic酸(0.1g/L)和表面活化剂的效果个别地并且一起被评估时，更高的萌芽率在控制实验被观察(谷物在提取的水里发芽了)，而giberellic酸和表面活化剂减少了萌芽率。因此，从谷物获得的面粉用提取的水发芽了四天获得可溶的材料的高内容，酶活动能在面包房项目的准备被使用。

简介：Saltstressisamajorprobleminmostofthericegrowingareasintheworld.AmajorQTLSaltolassociatedwithsalttoleranceattheseedlingstagehasbeenmappedonchromosome1inrice.ThisstudyaimedtocharacterizethehaplotypediversityatSaltolandadditionalQTLsassociatedwithsalttolerance.Salttoleranceattheseedlingstagewasassessedin54ricegenotypesinthescaleof1to9scoreatEC=10dSm-1undercontrolledenvironmentalconditions.SevennewbreedinglinesincludingthreeKMR3/O.rufipogonintrogressionlinesshowedsimilarsalttolerantabilityasFL478andcanbegoodsourcesofnewgenes/allelesforsalttolerance.Simplesequencerepeat(SSR)markerRM289showedonlytwoallelesandRM8094showedsevenalleles.Polymorphicinformationcontentvaluevariedfrom0.55forRM289to0.99forRM8094andRM493.Basedon14SSRmarkers,the54lineswereclearlyseparatedintotwomajorclusters.FourteenhaplotypeswereidentifiedbasedonSaltollinkedmarkerswithFL478asthereference.AllelesofRM8094andRM3412candiscriminatebetweenthesalttolerantandsusceptiblegenotypesclearlyandhencecanbeusefulinmarker-assistedselectionattheseedlingstage.OthermarkersRM10720onchromosome1andRM149andRM264onchromosome8canalsodistinguishtolerantandsusceptiblelinesbutwithlesserstringency.

简介：WhenbeingplantedinwideareasinsouthernChina(23°23'-33°23'N,98°35’-129°19'E,sealevelabove2.7-1285m),Liangyoupeijiu(LYPJ),atwo-linehybridricecombination,showedaseedsettingrateof75.2-77.2%,whichwaslowerby4.3-7.5percentpointthanthatofanindicahybridriceShanyou63(CK),withsimilarvaluesofgrainyieldandcoefficientsofvariationtoCK.Sowingduring5-25thofMayinNanjing(32°3'N.118°48'E),China,LYPJheadedbefore4thSeptember,andgaveaseedsettingrateof75-90%,andgrainyieldover1kg/m^2.Ifthesowingdatewasdelayedto14-15th,June,itsheadingdatewouldbeaslateas17th-21stSeptember,andseedsettingratewouldbedeclinedby10-15%incomparisonwiththatonasuitablesowingdate.Whenfloweringtookplaceatanaveragedailytemperaturerangeof13.7-28.5℃forfivedays,thespikeletfertility(SF)wouldbeincreasedby1.9-10.7%,foreachincrementof1℃.Thesuitable(SF≥90%)andsafe(SF≥75%)temperaturesforfloweringstagewereindicatedtobe26.5°and22.9°,respectively.TogetahighandstableseedsetincultivatingLYPJ,itwasrecommendedthatLYPJwouldbeplantedintheareassouthof34°N,andthefavorableaveragedailytemperatureduringfloweringstageshouldbeat26-28℃.

简介：Itisnecessarytounderstandthebacterialpopulationsassociatedwithricesoastoprovidemoreinformationandnaturalresourcesforeffectivemanagementofmajordiseasesinrice.Asurveyonscreeningandidentificationofgram-positivebacteriawasconductedduring1998-2004.Sevenhundredandfifty-sixricesampleswerecollectedfromZhejiang,Jiangsu,FujianandYunnanProvinces,China.Over1000bacterialisolateswereisolatedandtestedforcolonymorphology,pathogenicity,andsomecharacteristicsofbacteriologyincludingGramstaining,fluorescentpigmentonKingsmediumBandmicroscopicobservationforendospore.Togetherwithfivestandardreferencestrains,74representativegram-positivebacterialisolateswereconfirmedbyBiologandgaschromatographicanalysisoffattyacidmethylesters.FivebacterialspeciesofBacillusandotherthreegenerawereidentifiedandisolatesfromBacillussublitisandBacillusmegaterium,exhibitedthemosteffectiveinhibitionagainstthepathogensofsheathblightandbakanaediseaseofrice.AfewisolatesfromBacilluspumilusandBacillusmegateriumshowedweakvirulentonricetogetherwithsomevirulentisolates,dskshouldbeconsideredwhenisolatesfromthesespecieswerescreenedforbiocontrolagents.

简介：ThekeyforriceplantsurvivalunderNaClsaltstressismaintainingahighK+/Na+ratioinitscells.Selectionforsalttolerancericegenotypesbasedonphenotypicperformancealonewilldelayinprogressinbreeding.Useofmolecularmarkersintandemwithphysiologicalstudieswillhelpinbetteridentificationofsalttolerantriceaccessions.EightriceaccessionsalongwiththecheckDongjinwerescreenedusing1/2Yoshidasolutionwith50mmol/LNaClattheseedlingstage.TheaccessionsIT001158,IT246674,IT260533andIT291341wereclassifiedassalttolerantbasedontheirK+/Na+ratios.SeventeenSSRmarkersreportedtobeassociatedwithK+/Na+ratiowereusedtoscreentheaccessions.FiveSSRmarkers(RM8053,RM345,RM318,RM253andRM7075)coulddifferentiateaccessionsclassifiedbasedontheirK+/Na+ratios.BandingpatternoftheaccessionswasscoredcomparedtothebandingpatternofDongjin.ThestudydifferentiatedaccessionsbasedontheirassociationofK+/Na+ratiowithmolecularmarkerswhichareveryreliable.Thesemarkerscanplayasignificantroleinscreeninglargesetofricegermplasmsforsalttoleranceandalsohelpinidentificationofhigh-yieldingvarietieswithbettersalttolerance.Thesalttolerantaccessionscanbetakenforwardintodevelopingbettervarietiesbyconventionalbreedingandexploringgenesforsalttolerance.

简介：Introgressionlines(ILs)derivedfrominterspecificcrossesareasourceofnewgeneticvariability.Atotalof55ILsderivedfromtwocrossesSwarna×O.nivaraIRGC81848(populationA)andSwarna×O.nivaraIRGC81832(populationB)werecharacterizedforyieldandyield-relatedtraits/QTLs.Segregationof103simplesequencerepeat(SSR)markersassociatedwithyield-relatedQTLswasstudied.PopulationAshowedanaverageof12.6%homozygousO.nivaraallelesandpopulationBshowed10.6%.Interestingly,threeSSRmarkers,RM223,RM128andRM517,showedconspicuouspatternofsegregation.ThedistributionofparentalallelesatthreelociRM223,RM128andRM517linkedtoyield-relatedtraitswasunique.Thesemarkersflankedtoseveralyield-relatedQTLs.RM223,flankingtoqyld8.3,washeterozygousinalmostallthe55ILsexceptinIL10-3SandIL131S.RM128onchromosome1andRM517onchromosome3weremutuallyexclusivein46outof55ILs.These46ILsshowedeitherofthemarkeralleleRM128orRM517fromO.nivarabutnotboth.IL166ShadbothRM128andRM517fromO.nivaraandtheotherILsshowedhomozygousSwarnaalleleatRM517exceptIL65S.Populationstructureassignedthe55ILstothreesub-populationsbasedontheirgenomicdiversity.IL65S,IL166S,IL248S,IL7KandIL250Kshowedhighyieldsinmulti-locationtrials,andIL248SwasreleasedforcultivationasDRRDhan40.

简介：影响在米饭变化在光合作用和抗氧化剂能力上浸没Swarna和Swarna-Sub1与或没有Sub1QTL在控制下面被评估，模仿完全浸没并且随后的重新通风。叶光合的率和有气孔的传导力在前进期间在两个变化减少了当与控制相比植物，而是重要品种的差别在1d以后被观察，浸没浸没。浸没也改变了PSII活动，在Fo的价值在减少思考了叶绿素的Fm和Fv/Fm和降级，更在里面Swarna比在Swarna-Sub1。在期间早浸没时期，superoxidedismutase(草皮)的活动，ascorbateperoxidase(APX)，dehydroascorbatereductase(DHAR)，对反应的氧种类的谷胱甘肽reductase(GR)在两个变化被增加。然而，与进步浸没时期(在7d以后)，草皮，过氧化氢酶(猫)，APX，guaiacolperoxidase(GPX)，GR和DHAR的活动衰退了，更在里面Swarna比在Swarna-Sub1。在重新通风期间，Swarna-Sub1显示出上面的抗氧化剂酶然而并非在Swarna的重要增加。Swarna-Sub1改进光合的活动，显示出与Swarna在下面相比的更高光合的率浸没并且随后的重新通风因为叶绿素，更高有气孔的传导力，和与从氧化损坏的更好的抗氧化剂保护一起的有效PSII活动的更少的降级。