简介：ObjectiveToreportapopulation-basedsurveyontheprevalence,pathogenicfactorsandmedicalneedsofeardiseasesandhearingloss.MethodsUsingtheprobabilityproportiontosize(PPS)method,6626residentswereinvestigatedin30clustersinaccordancewiththeWHOprotocol.ResultsTheprevalenceofhearinglosswas17.1%(compatiblewiththenatioanalstandardizedrateof17.6%),includingmild(11.0%),moderate(4.2%),severe(1.4%),andprofound(0.5%)impairment.Ofthe1131individualswithhearingloss,663(20.2%)weremaleand468(14.0%)werefemale.Theprevalenceofhearingdisabilitywas6.1%(againcompatiblewiththenationalstandardizedrateof6.5%).Thecausesofhearinglosswereeardiseases(31.4%),non-infectiouseardisorders(42.5%),geneticdisorders(6.7%),infectiousdisease(0.4%)andundeterminedcauses(29.3%).Ofthehearingimpairedpeople,13.8%neededotologicand/oraudiologicinterventionsand9.1%neededhearingaids.ConclusionTheprevalenceofhearinglossandhearingdisabilityhaveincreasedinthepasttwentyyears.Thedataprovideimportantinformationforauthoritiesinformulatingpoliciesforpreventionandmanagementofdeafness.

简介：Mostadultswithauditoryprocessingdisorder(APD)oftenhavetroubleatwork.ItispossiblethattheselisteningproblemsinadultswithAPDinfluencetheirmentalhealth.Thus,wehavetotakethesubject'spersonalityandmentalstatusintoconsiderationwhensupportingsubjectswithAPD.However,studiesonAPDinadultsarecomparativelyrare.Inthisstudy,weaimedtoevaluatetherelationshipsbetweentheresultsofauditorytests,APDsymptoms,andpsychologicalstatusinsubjectswithAPD.Thisstudyincluded22adultswhocomplainedoflisteningproblemsineverydaylife,andtheyunderwentauditoryprocessingtestsandwerequestionedregardingtheirpsychologicalcharacteristics.Fromtheresultsoftheauditoryprocessingtests,allsubjectsshowedlowscoresonatleastonetest;therefore,theyweresuspectedofhavingAPD.Especially,thescoreswerelowontheauditorymemorytest.Furthermore,subjectswithAPDshowrelativelysimilarpsychologicalcharacteristicstoeachother.However,therewasnosignificantrelationshipbetweentheresultsoftheauditoryprocessingtestsandpsychologicalcharacteristics.Wehavetotakenoticeofasubject'spsychologicalstatewhentheyperceivetheirlisteningdifficultiesasalarge-scaleproblemandfeelanxiousasaresult.Forthispurpose,weshouldtakepsychologicalcharacteristicsintoconsiderationatthetimeofthemedicalexaminationinterviewbeforeaudio-psychologicaltesting.

简介：Previousresearchhasdemonstratedthattheamplitudeofevokedemissionsdecreasesinhumansub-jectswhenthecontralateralearisstimulatedbynoise.Themedialolivocochlearbundle(MOCB)isbe-lievedtocontrolthisphenomenon.Recentresearchhasexaminedthiseffectinindividualswithauditorypro-cessingdisorders(APD),specificallywithdifficultyunderstandingspeechinnoise.Resultsshowedtran-sientevokedotoacousticemissions(TEOAEs)werenotaffectedbycontralateralstimulationinthesesub-jects.MuchclinicalresearchhasmeasuredthefunctionoftheMOCBthroughTEOAEs.Thisstudywilluseanalternativetechnique,distortionproductotoacousticemissions(DPOAEs),toexaminethisphenomenonandevaluatethefunctionoftheMOCB.DPOAEsofindividualsinacontrolgroupwithnormalhearingandnosignificantauditoryprocessingdifficultieswerecomparedtotheDPOAEsofchildrenwithsignifi-cantauditoryprocessingdifficulties.Resultsshowedthatthesuppressioneffectwasobservedinthecontrolgroupat2kHzwith3kHzofnarrowbandnoise.Fortheauditoryprocessingdisordersgroup,nosignificantsuppressionwasobserved.Overall,DPOAEsshowedsuppressionwithcontralateralnoise,whiletheAPDgrouplevelsincreasedoverall.TheseresultsprovidefurtherevidencethattheMOCBmayhavereducedfunctioninchildrenwithAPD.